scholarly journals Personalized Orthodontics: From the Sagittal Position of Lower Incisors to the Facial Profile Esthetics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 692
Author(s):  
Marcin Derwich ◽  
Liwia Minch ◽  
Maria Mitus-Kenig ◽  
Agata Zoltowska ◽  
Elzbieta Pawlowska
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Vertical Dimension ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
High Angle ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Facial Profile ◽  
Facial Harmony ◽  
Vertical Growth Pattern ◽  
Lower Incisors

Background: One of the goals of orthodontic treatment is to obtain maximum facial harmony. The sagittal position of the lower incisors plays a significant role in the planning of orthodontic treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the sagittal position of lower incisors and facial profile esthetics with reference to the skeletal vertical dimension. Methods: There were 200 patients included in the study. Patients were allocated into three groups, depending on the vertical growth pattern: normal-angle, low-angle, and high-angle cases. Tweed–Merrifield cephalometric analysis was used to assess the sagittal and vertical position of the mandible, as well as to assess the sagittal position of the lower incisors. Results: Z-angle and Frankfort mandibular incisor plane angle (FMIA) decreased significantly (p < 0.001) with the increase of the skeletal vertical dimension. Incisor mandibular plane angle (IMPA) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in low-angle patients compared to the high-angle ones. Z-angle appeared to be the most accurate parameter (area under curve, AUC = 0.957) describing patients with a convex profile. The cutoff value of Z-angle 68.0° was characterized by the sensitivity of 94.1% and the specificity of 84.3%. Conclusions: The sagittal position of the lower incisors significantly affects the facial profile convexity. The Z-angle is the parameter which most accurately describes the patients with a convex profile.

Indicators and Preferences of Facial Profile and Aesthetic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah I. Bin Muharib
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Aesthetic Perception ◽  
Facial Profile ◽  
Nasolabial Angle ◽  
Aesthetic Appearance ◽  
Skeletal Pattern ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Aesthetic

For a successful orthodontic treatment, it is crucial to examine the patient in both frontal and lateral views. Evaluation of the skeletal pattern and softs tissues including nasolabial angle, anteroposterior lip position, labiomental angle, and Lip-chin-submental plane angle must all be considered. Facial profile greatly affects the aesthetic appearance of the patients, however, not every person has the same aesthetic perception. This review aims to point out the indicators of facial profile and the perception of facial profile attractiveness among the different populations. Many studies have evaluated the preferences of facial profile, some of them agreed as a straight profile with normally positioned lips was the most favored, but some differences were noted between orthodontists and laypeople in the perception of the facial profile. Laypeople found a slightly retruded mandible or protruded mandible was found aesthetically pleasing for some populations. Therefore, it is important to involve the patient in treatment planning and decision-making.

Effects of Three Different Orthodontic Treatment Methods on the Stability of Mandibular Incisor Alignment

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 486-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hande Gorucu-Coskuner ◽  
Ezgi Atik ◽  
Ilken Kocadereli
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Retention Period ◽  
Welch Test ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Cephalometric Measurements ◽  
Extraction Treatment ◽  
Lower Incisors

Objective: To compare the effects of extraction, non-extraction and air-rotor stripping treatments on mandibular dental arch dimensions, lower incisor positions and evaluate their effects on the stability of the treatment. Study design: The sample consisted of 44 patients with Class I malocclusion and moderate crowding including 15 patients treated with extraction, 13 with air-rotor stripping (ARS), and 16 with non-extraction treatment. The records were taken at pretreatment (T0), end of active orthodontic treatment (T1), minimum 3 years post-treatment (T2). The model and cephalometric measurements were evaluated. For statistical analyses ANOVA and Welch test was applied. Results: At post-retention period Little's irregularity indices were increased to 1.96 mm, 2.38 mm and 3.59 mm for extraction, ARS and non-extraction groups respectively (p&lt;0.05). At T1-T2, intercanine widths were decreased significantly at all groups (p&lt;0.05). The arch length and arch depth decreased significantly at extraction group (p&lt;0.05) from T0 to T1 and remained the same at T2 (p&gt;0.05). The lower incisors were retroclined with treatment and slightly proclined at post-retention period in extraction group. In ARS and non-extraction group, lower incisors proclined with treatment and remained the same at post-retention. Conclusion: At all groups the irregularity indices relapsed but did not return to pretreatment values. Although significant increase at intercanine width was only observed in non-extraction treatment, at post-retention phase, intercanine widths were significantly decreased at all groups. The changes at lower incisor inclinations relapsed slightly in extraction group but remained the same in the other groups.

scholarly journals Is the Temporomandibular Joints’ Reciprocal Clicking Related to the Morphology and Position of the Mandible, as Well as to the Sagittal Position of Lower Incisors?—A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4994
Author(s):  
Marcin Derwich ◽  
Maria Mitus-Kenig ◽  
Elzbieta Pawlowska
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Reciprocal Clicking ◽  
Lower Incisors ◽  
Mandibular Incisors

The number of patients diagnosed with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) internal derangements, who are seeking orthodontic treatment, is increasing. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the presence of TMJ reciprocal clicking and the morphology and position of the mandible, and position of lower incisors, examined on the lateral cephalograms. Fifty patients diagnosed with reciprocal clicking in at least one of the TMJs and 55 patients with no symptoms of TMJ dysfunction were included in the study. Cephalometric analysis was used for the assessment of: skeletal class, sagittal and vertical position of the mandible, angle of the mandible, inclination of the mandibular ramus and the mandibular corpus, as well as for the assessment of the position of the mandibular incisors. The statistical significance level was set at p = 0.05. There were no statistically significant differences between the examined groups regarding the sagittal and vertical position of the mandible, as well as regarding the sagittal position of the mandibular incisors. Presence of TMJ reciprocal clicking is not associated with the position and the morphology of the mandible, as well as with the sagittal position of the mandibular incisors. Patients with early stages of TMJ internal derangements do not present any significant changes in Cephalometrics. Patients diagnosed with TMJ internal derangements before orthodontic treatment require an interdisciplinary approach to the treatment, including physiotherapy.

scholarly journals To Determine the Anteroposterior Position of Incisors in Relation to Points A and B on Cephalogram and Study Models in North Indian Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Mandeep K. Bhullar ◽  
Priyanka Chaudhary ◽  
Sanjay Mittal ◽  
Isha Aggarwal ◽  
Merry Goyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
North Indian Population ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Lower Incisors

Abstract Introduction This study aimed to determine the upper and lower incisors to points A and B on lateral cephalogram and study model in North Indian population. This article evaluated the present relationship of upper and lower incisors position to point A and B on the cephalogram and studied the model as a diagnostic tool for orthodontic treatment planning. Materials and Methods The study included 32 patients, aged 15 to 25 years. The sample was divided into two groups as group I (n = 32, cephalometric analysis) and group II (n = 32, study model analysis) of the same patient. In group I incisors position was related to points A and B on the cephalograms and in group II incisors position was related to points A and B on study model by using transparent grid. Results As per Indian norms, outcome mean value for cephalometric norms was 6.3 and 3.2 mm and for study model norms was 4 and 1.3 mm. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.002) were observed for mandibular incisor position on cephalograms and for maxillary incisors (p < 0.001) on study casts when compared with Chile sample norm. Conclusion The anteroposterior position of upper and lower incisors in relation to points A and B on cephalogram and casts has been determined in North Indian patients.

scholarly journals Change of Incisor Inclination Effects on Points A and B

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 462-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasha Al-Abdwani ◽  
David R. Moles ◽  
Joseph Harold Noar
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Maxillary Incisor ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Bodily Movement ◽  
Average Change ◽  
Incisor Inclination

Abstract Objective: To identify and evaluate changes in the cephalometric position of points A and B due to an incisal inclination change caused by orthodontic treatment. Materials and Method: A total of 103 pairs of consecutive pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalographs that met the inclusion criteria were systematically collected from the departmental database and digitized using a customized software program (Gela). Repeatability analyses showed good reliability and no evidence of bias. A statistical model was generated using a Generalized Estimating Equation approach to analyze the data accounting for growth and bodily movement because both factors influence the position of points A and B (P &lt; .001, P &lt; .001). Changes in tooth length were also accounted for, as these changes may influence the calculated position of the centroid (P = .002). Results: Each 10° change in the maxillary incisor inclination results in a statistically significant average change in point A of 0.4 mm in the horizontal plane (P = .028). Each 10° change in the mandibular incisor inclination results in a borderline statistically significant average change in point B of 0.3 mm in the horizontal plane (P = .058). There were no significant changes in the vertical position of points A and B. Conclusion: The effects of incisal inclination changes, due to orthodontic treatment, are of no clinical relevance to the position of point A and B, even though they may be statistically significant. The validity of points A and B as skeletal landmarks generally holds true, and accounting for treatment changes is unnecessary.

scholarly journals Extraction of the lateral incisors to treat maxillary protrusion: Quantitative evaluation of the stomatognathic functions

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihito Ishihara ◽  
Shingo Kuroda ◽  
Kumi Sumiyoshi ◽  
Teruko Takano-Yamamoto ◽  
Takashi Yamashiro
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Chief Complaint ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Facial Profile ◽  
Retention Period ◽  
Orthodontic Space Closure ◽  
Space Closure ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Lower Incisors

ABSTRACT To treat morphological abnormalities, impaction, and severe malposition of the teeth, the lateral incisors are sometimes extracted, followed by orthodontic space closure. This procedure often requires special consideration, not only with regard to esthetics but also for functional issues. However, thus far, few reports that have performed a functional evaluation in such cases. The purpose of this article is to report the successful treatment of an adult patient with a Class II division 1 malocclusion who was treated with extraction of the upper lateral incisors. The female patient, aged 23 years and 6 months, had a chief complaint of maxillary incisal protrusion and crooked teeth. In this patient, the upper lateral incisors were extracted to fulfill the patient's strong request, followed by orthodontic treatment using edgewise appliances. A high-pull J-hook headgear on the lower dental arch was used to prevent further labial inclination of the lower incisors. The total active treatment period was 37 months. The resulting occlusion and a satisfactory facial profile were maintained during a 4-year retention period. Additionally, this treatment did not affect the stomatognathic functions as assessed by the following criteria: range of the incisal path or condylar motion during maximal open-close movement, protrusive excursion, lateral excursion, and the chewing test. In conclusion, extraction of the upper lateral incisors can be an effective treatment choice when the upper lateral incisors are dwarfed, are nonvital, or demonstrate severe malposition.

scholarly journals Dental and skeletal changes in mild to moderate Class II malocclusions treated by either a Twin-block or Xbow appliance followed by full fixed orthodontic treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 997-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayeh Ehsani ◽  
Brian Nebbe ◽  
David Normando ◽  
Manuel O Lagravere ◽  
Carlos Flores-Mir
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Block Group ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Twin Block ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Skeletal Changes ◽  
Length Increase

ABSTRACT Objective:  To compare the short-term skeletal and dental effects of two-phase orthodontic treatment including either a Twin-block or an XBow appliance. Materials and Methods:  This was a retrospective clinical trial of 50 consecutive Class II cases treated in a private practice with either a Twin-block (25) or XBow (25) appliance followed by full fixed orthodontic treatment. To factor out growth, an untreated Class II control group (25) was considered. Results:  A MANOVA of treatment/observation changes followed by univariate pairwise comparisons showed that the maxilla moved forward less in the treatment groups than in the control group. As for mandibular changes, the corpus length increase was larger in the Twin-block group by 3.9 mm. Dentally, mesial movement of mandibular molars was greater in both treatment groups. Although no distalization of maxillary molars was found in either treatment group, restriction of mesial movement of these teeth was seen in both treatment groups. Both treatment groups demonstrated increased mandibular incisor proclination with larger increases for the XBow group by 3.3°. The Wits value was decreased by 1.6 mm more in the Twin-block group. No sex-related differences were observed. Conclusions:  Class II correction using an XBow or Twin-block followed by fixed appliances occurs through a relatively similar combination of dental and skeletal effects. An increase in mandibular incisor inclination for the XBow group and an increased corpus length for the Twin-block group were notable exceptions. No overall treatment length differences were seen.

scholarly journals Influence of magnification and superimposition of structures on cephalometric diagnosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Koerich de Paula ◽  
Priscilla de Almeida Solon-de-Mello ◽  
Claudia Trindade Mattos ◽  
Antônio Carlos de Oliveira Ruellas ◽  
Eduardo Franzotti Sant'Anna
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Maxillary Incisor ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
R Software ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Full Face ◽  
Frankfort Horizontal Plane

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of magnification and superimposition of structures on CBCT-generated lateral cephalometric radiographs (LCR) using different segments of the cranium. METHODS: CBCT scans of 10 patients were selected. Four LCR were generated using Dolphin Imaging(r) software: full-face, right side, left side and center of the head. A total of 40 images were imported into Radiocef Studio 2(r), and the angles of the most common cephalometric analyses were traced by the same observer twice and within a 10-day interval. Statistical analyses included intraexaminer agreement and comparison between methods by means of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman agreement tests. RESULTS: Intraexaminer agreement of the angles assessed by ICC was excellent (> 0.90) for 83% of measurements, good (between 0.75 and 0.90) for 15%, and moderate (between 0.50 and 0.75) for 2% of measurements. The comparison between methods by ICC was excellent for 68% of measurements, good for 26%, and moderate for 6%. Variables presenting wider confidence intervals (> 6o) in the Bland-Altman tests, in intraexaminer assessment, were: mandibular incisor angle, maxillary incisor angle, and occlusal plane angle. And in comparison methods the variables with wider confidence interval were: mandibular incisor, maxillary incisor, GoGn, occlusal plane angle, Frankfort horizontal plane (FHP), and CoA. CONCLUSION: Superimposition of structures seemed to influence the results more than magnification, and neither one of them significantly influenced the measurements. Considerable individual variability may occur, especially for mandibular and maxillary incisors, FHP and occlusal plane.

Tooth with a ‘Tail’. A Case Report of a Dilacerated Mandibular Incisor

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Mandibular Incisor

A case report is presented of a child with a dilacerated mandibular incisor and the subsequent orthodontic treatment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document