scholarly journals Nuclear Medicine Imaging in Neuroblastoma: Current Status and New Developments

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 270
Author(s):  
Atia Samim ◽  
Godelieve A.M. Tytgat ◽  
Gitta Bleeker ◽  
Sylvia T.M. Wenker ◽  
Kristell L.S. Chatalic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Imaging ◽  
Disease Extent

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid malignancy in children. At diagnosis, approximately 50% of patients present with metastatic disease. These patients are at high risk for refractory or recurrent disease, which conveys a very poor prognosis. During the past decades, nuclear medicine has been essential for the staging and response assessment of neuroblastoma. Currently, the standard nuclear imaging technique is meta-[123I]iodobenzylguanidine ([123I]mIBG) whole-body scintigraphy, usually combined with single-photon emission computed tomography with computed tomography (SPECT-CT). Nevertheless, 10% of neuroblastomas are mIBG non-avid and [123I]mIBG imaging has relatively low spatial resolution, resulting in limited sensitivity for smaller lesions. More accurate methods to assess full disease extent are needed in order to optimize treatment strategies. Advances in nuclear medicine have led to the introduction of radiotracers compatible for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in neuroblastoma, such as [124I]mIBG, [18F]mFBG, [18F]FDG, [68Ga]Ga-DOTA peptides, [18F]F-DOPA, and [11C]mHED. PET has multiple advantages over SPECT, including a superior resolution and whole-body tomographic range. This article reviews the use, characteristics, diagnostic accuracy, advantages, and limitations of current and new tracers for nuclear medicine imaging in neuroblastoma.

Nuclear Medicine Applications in Pediatric Musculoskeletal Diseases: The Added Value of Hybrid Imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 025-045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Iyer ◽  
A. Stanescu ◽  
Marguerite Parisi
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Response Monitoring ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Procedures

AbstractThe introduction of diphosphonates in the 1970s revolutionized not only nuclear medicine but musculoskeletal imaging as well, providing functional assessment of entities such as osteomyelitis, trauma, and osseous metastatic disease. Although rarely the first-line imaging modality used today, nuclear medicine procedures continue to play a pivotal role in the evaluation of musculoskeletal diseases in children, providing whole-body assessment of disease involvement. More recently, the introduction of technologies such as single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT), as well as newer positron-emitting tracers such as 18fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose and sodium 18F-fluorine, particularly when combined with CT (positron emission tomography/CT), have injected new life into the older established techniques and expanded the application of nuclear medicine imaging into new arenas. This article discusses the utility of standard nuclear medicine procedures as they apply to children with musculoskeletal disorders, focusing on the added value of and indications for SPECT/CT. Subsequently, we discuss the expanding role of positron-emitting agents in infection, trauma, and for the diagnosis, staging, and therapeutic response monitoring of children with malignant bone and soft tissue tumors. Differences between disease processes encountered in children as compared with adults are discussed; developmental variants that can, but should not, be confused with disease are illustrated. The need for pediatric-specific protocols is addressed.

scholarly journals Recent applications of nuclear medicine in diagnostics: II part

2013 ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Giorgio Treglia ◽  
Ernesto Cason ◽  
Giorgio Fagioli
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Artery Disease

Introduction: Positron-emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) are effective diagnostic imaging tools in several clinical settings. The aim of this article (the second of a 2-part series) is to examine some of the more recent applications of nuclear medicine imaging techniques, particularly in the fields of neurology, cardiology, and infection/inflammation. Discussion: A review of the literature reveals that in the field of neurology nuclear medicine techniques are most widely used to investigate cognitive deficits and dementia (particularly those associated with Alzheimer disease), epilepsy, and movement disorders. In cardiology, SPECT and PET also play important roles in the work-up of patients with coronary artery disease, providing accurate information on the state of the myocardium (perfusion, metabolism, and innervation). White blood cell scintigraphy and FDG-PET are widely used to investigate many infectious/inflammatory processes. In each of these areas, the review discusses the use of recently developed radiopharmaceuticals, the growth of tomographic nuclear medicine techniques, and the ways in which these advances are improving molecular imaging of biologic processes at the cellular level.

scholarly journals The value of single-photon emission computed tomography combined with computed tomography imaging in ¹²³I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy in children with neuroblastoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
E. D. Kireeva ◽  
. Kailash ◽  
T. V. Shamanskaya ◽  
M. Ya. Yadgarov ◽  
D. Yu. Kachanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Planar Imaging ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Computed ◽  
Single Photon Emission Computed ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography

The value of single-photon emission computed tomography combined with computed tomography imaging in ¹²³I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy in children with neuroblastomaWhole body scintigraphy with ¹²³I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (¹²³I-MIBG) is an important imaging modality for evaluation of patients with neuroblastoma (NB). As the intrinsic nuclear scintigraphic characteristics, the assessment of conventional planar ¹²³I-MIBG images presents some difficulties. The limited resolution of planar images can induce false-negative results for small lesions, whereas the presence of physiologic MIBG uptake is not always easily differentiable from pathologic uptake and can induce false-positive results. Single-photon emission computed tomography combined with computed tomography (SPECT/ CT) hybrid imaging technique, allowing the direct fusion of morphologic and functional information, has been suggested to be more accurate. However, SPECT/CT imaging renders slightly more radiation to patients from CT portion of the study and is time consuming. The aim of our study was to investigate how much SPECT/CT can have additional diagnostic value over planar imaging in NB patients at initial staging. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of the D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI. A total of 251 SPECT/CT scans following by planar ¹²³I-MIBG imaging scans performed in 251 patients with NB were retrospectively analyzed. In 72.1% of the studies, the whole-body planar images and SPECT/CT images showed the same result. In 27.9% of studies, however, SPECT/CT images provided additional very important information. In our study, the diagnosis reached by planar imaging was revised or specified by SPECT/CT in 70 of the 251 patients and was clinically significant. 

scholarly journals Nuclear medicine imaging technique in the erectile dysfunction evaluation: a mini-review

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (spe) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Godinho Ribeiro ◽  
Regina Moura ◽  
Rosane de Figueiredo Neves ◽  
Jean Pierre Spinosa ◽  
Mario Bernardo-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Sexual Arousal ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission

Functional imaging with positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography is capable of visualizing subtle changes in physiological function in vivo. Erectile dysfunction(ED) diminishes quality of life for affected men and their partners. Identification of neural substrates may provide information regarding the pathophysiology of types of sexual dysfunction originating in the brain. The aim of this work is to verify the approaches of the nuclear medicine techniques in the evaluation of the erectile function/disfunction. A search using the words ED and nuclear medicine, ED and scintigraphy, ED and spect and ED and pet was done in the PubMed. The number of citations in each subject was determined. Neuroimaging techniques offer insight into brain regions involved in sexual arousal and inhibition. To tackle problems such as hyposexual disorders or ED caused by brain disorders, it is crucial to understand how the human brain controls sexual arousal and penile erection.

scholarly journals Radionuclide, magnetic resonance and computed tomography imaging in European round back slugs (Arionidae) and leopard slugs (Limacidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Beindorff ◽  
Fabian Schmitz-Peiffer ◽  
Daniel Messroghli ◽  
Winfried Brenner ◽  
Janet F. Eary
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Functional Anatomy ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Whole Body Imaging ◽  
Imaging Protocol

AbstractOther than in animal models of human disease, little functional imaging has been performed in most of the animal world. The aim of this study was to explore the functional anatomy of the European round back slug (Arionidae) and leopard slug (Limacidae) and to establish an imaging protocol for comparative species study. Radionuclide images with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) were obtained after injections of standard clinical radiopharmaceuticals 99mtechnetium dicarboxypropane diphosphonate (bone scintigraphy), 99mtechnetium mercaptoacetyltriglycine (kidney function), 99mtechnetium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (kidney function), 99mtechnetium pertechnetate (mediated by the sodium-iodide symporter), 99mtechnetium sestamibi (cardiac scintigraphy) or 18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose (glucose metabolism) in combination with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) for uptake anatomic definition. Images were compared with anatomic drawings for the Arionidae species. Additionally, organ uptake data was determined for a description of slug functional anatomy in comparison to human tracer biodistribution patterns identifying the heart, the open circulatory anatomy, calcified shell remnant, renal structure (nephridium), liver (digestive gland) and intestine. The results show the detailed functional anatomy of Arionidae and Limacidae, and describe an in vivo whole-body imaging procedure for invertebrate species.

scholarly journals Functional visualization in diseases of the joints: current status and prospects (clinical lecture)

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-142
Author(s):  
M.V. Satyr ◽  
О.І. Solodiannykova ◽  
I.V. Noverko ◽  
О.Yu. Galchenko
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
High Priority Task ◽  
The World

Background. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system (MSS), in particular diseases of joints, are a leading factor for reducing the work ability of the population all around the world. The early diagnosis and treatment for them is a high priority task for clinical medicine. Modern nuclear medicine methods can significantly increase the possibilities in differential diagnostics, optimize treatment and improve the prognosis of diseases of the musculoskeletal system (MOP). Purpose – to study and generalize the world experience of application of modern methods of osteoscintigraphy (OSG) for diagnostics of joints diseases, to define possibilities and prospects of various scintigraphic acquisitions for investigation patients with MSS pathology. Materials and methods. Full-text publications in the databases Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, PubMed (mostly 2015–2021), international standard guidelines for the diagnosis of MSS pathology and monographs for radionuclide examination methods and hybrid imaging technologies in oncology, orthopedics and traumatology. Results. We received the main approaches for radiological diagnostics of pathological changes in joints and the abilities of osteoscintigraphy. We defined the main principles and analyzed the possibilities and advantages of different nuclear medicine protocols: conventional planar examination of the whole body, 3-phase OSG, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and combined technology with X-ray computed tomography (SPECT/CT). Indications for the use of OSG in various pathological changes of ORA have been determined. We considered different patterns of radiation imaging according to the pathogenesis of various pathological processes – systemic arthritis, diseases of the joints of the spine, upper and lower extremities. The possibilities of different radiological methods for diagnosing and application of different modes of OSG depending on the pathogenesis and localization of lesions were analyzed and compared. Conclusions. Performing 3-phase OSG and tomographic modes (SPECT, SPECT/CT) significantly increases the efficiency of the method for the diagnostics, determination of process activity, staging and prevalence of joint pathology, as well as for monitoring the treatment results. The method detects active metabolic processes at an early stage in the vascular, soft tissue and bone phases and determines the condition of the joints of the whole body without additional radiation exposure.

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