scholarly journals Methods for Manipulating Cryptococcus Spores

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Anna B. Frerichs ◽  
Mingwei Huang ◽  
Sébastien C. Ortiz ◽  
Christina M. Hull
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Human Fungal Pathogen

Spores are essential for the long-term survival of many diverse organisms, due to their roles in reproduction and stress resistance. In the environmental human fungal pathogen, Cryptococcus, basidiospores are robust cells with the ability to cause disease in animal models of infection. Here we describe methods for producing and purifying Cryptococcus basidiospores in quantities sufficient for large-scale analyses. The production of high numbers of pure spores has facilitated the development of new assays, including quantitative germination assays, and enabled transcriptomic, proteomic, and virulence studies, leading to discoveries of behaviors and properties unique to spores and spore-mediated disease.

Ultrashort Peptide Bioinks Support Automated Printing of Large-Scale Constructs Assuring Long-Term Survival of Printed Tissue Constructs

Nano Letters ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hepi H. Susapto ◽  
Dana Alhattab ◽  
Sherin Abdelrahman ◽  
Zainab Khan ◽  
Salwa Alshehri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Tissue Constructs

scholarly journals Ongoing decline of suitable habitat for the Critically Endangered Gurney's pitta Hydrornis gurneyi

Oryx ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tommaso Savini ◽  
Nay Myo Shwe ◽  
Niti Sukumal
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Lowland Forests

Abstract From 1999 onwards, level, lowland forests (altitude < 150 m, slopes < 10°) in the Tanintharyi Region of southern Myanmar have been cleared on a large scale and replaced by oil palm plantations. This has resulted in a drastic decline in suitable habitat for several species, including Gurney's pitta Hydrornis gurneyi (Passeriformes, Pittidae). The habitat for this species has decreased by > 80%, leading to its categorization as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List in 2019. As threats in the region have continued, we updated information on the status of the species’ habitat in January 2020, and examined forest loss in the three strongholds where the species still persists in the wild. Since the previous estimate in 2017, suitable habitat in these locations has decreased by 8% (from 656 to 603 km2), with > 10% of the remaining area now in fragments of < 1 km2, which are unsuitable for the mid- to long-term survival of the species. Forest degradation and edge effects from increased fragmentation have led to further loss of suitable habitat in these strongholds. Projections indicate that unless conservation action is taken, all suitable habitat will disappear by 2080. The main threat to the long-term survival of Gurney's pitta is the lack of legal protection of primary lowland forests, resulting in uncontrolled clearance for small- and large-scale agriculture and industrial development. We provide recommendations to reduce the rate of loss of the remaining suitable habitat for the species.

scholarly journals Genetic Regulators and Physiological Significance of Glycogen Storage in Candida albicans

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Marcus A. Zeitz ◽  
Zainab Tanveer ◽  
Anatole T. Openshaw ◽  
Martin Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
Metabolic Flexibility ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Human Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Expression Of Genes

The dimorphic human fungal pathogen C. albicans has broad metabolic flexibility that allows it to adapt to the nutrient conditions in different host habitats. C. albicans builds large carbohydrate stores (glycogen) at the end of exponential growth and begins consumption of stored carbohydrates when nutrients become limiting. The expression of genes required for the successful transition between host environments, including the factors controlling glycogen content, is controlled by protein kinase A signaling through the transcription factor Efg1. In addition to the inability to transition to hyphal growth, C. albicans efg1 mutants have low glycogen content and reduced long-term survival, suggesting that carbohydrate storage is required for viability during prolonged culture. To test this assumption, we constructed a glycogen-deficient C. albicans mutant and assessed its viability during extended culture. Pathways and additional genetic factors controlling C. albicans glycogen synthesis were identified through the screening of mutant libraries for strains with low glycogen content. Finally, a part of the Efg1-regulon was screened for mutants with a shortened long-term survival phenotype. We found that glycogen deficiency does not affect long-term survival, growth, metabolic flexibility or morphology of C. albicans. We conclude that glycogen is not an important contributor to C. albicans fitness.

Human thymic epithelial cells maintain long-term survival of clonogenic myeloid and erythroid progenitor cells in vitro

2000 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 363-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuto Takenaka ◽  
Mine Harada ◽  
Tomoaki Fujisaki ◽  
Koji Nagafuji ◽  
Shinichi Mizuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Thymic Epithelial Cells ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor Cells

Clinical outcome and long-term survival following radical esophagectomy in the elderly

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A747-A748
Author(s):  
S DRESNER ◽  
A IMMMANUEL ◽  
P LAMB ◽  
S GRIFFIN
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Radical Esophagectomy ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival
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