scholarly journals Eye Infections Caused by Filamentous Fungi: Spectrum and Antifungal Susceptibility of the Prevailing Agents in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 511
Author(s):  
Grit Walther ◽  
Anna Zimmermann ◽  
Johanna Theuersbacher ◽  
Kerstin Kaerger ◽  
Marie von Lilienfeld-Toal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Correct Treatment ◽  
Eye Infections ◽  
Fusarium Petroliphilum ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles ◽  
Prevalent Species

Fungal eye infections can lead to loss of vision and blindness. The disease is most prevalent in the tropics, although case numbers in moderate climates are increasing as well. This study aimed to determine the dominating filamentous fungi causing eye infections in Germany and their antifungal susceptibility profiles in order to improve treatment, including cases with unidentified pathogenic fungi. As such, we studied all filamentous fungi isolated from the eye or associated materials that were sent to the NRZMyk between 2014 and 2020. All strains were molecularly identified and antifungal susceptibility testing according to the EUCAST protocol was performed for common species. In total, 242 strains of 66 species were received. Fusarium was the dominating genus, followed by Aspergillus, Purpureocillium, Alternaria, and Scedosporium. The most prevalent species in eye samples were Fusarium petroliphilum, F. keratoplasticum, and F. solani of the Fusarium solani species complex. The spectrum of species comprises less susceptible taxa for amphotericin B, natamycin, and azoles, including voriconazole. Natamycin is effective for most species but not for Aspergillus flavus or Purpureocillium spp. Some strains of F. solani show MICs higher than 16 mg/L. Our data underline the importance of species identification for correct treatment.

scholarly journals Espécies se Candida Spp. em Isolados Clínicos e Suscetibilidade a Antifúngicos de uso Hospitalar

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanusa Aparecida Althaus ◽  
Alissara Regginato ◽  
Vanessa Bossetti ◽  
Juliana Cristina Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility Test ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

A levedura Candida spp., pertencente à microbiota normal, pode causar graves infecções, principalmente em pacientes no ambiente hospitalar. Os variados graus de patogenicidade e sensibilidade a antifúngicos apresentados pelas diversas espécies, combinados ao aumento da frequência de infecções por Candida spp. e às altas taxas de morbimortalidade, apontam a importância da identificação das espécies, assim como a realização de testes de suscetibilidade para o sucesso do tratamento de candidíases. Neste estudo foram identificadas espécies de Candida em isolados clínicos de pacientes atendidos em um hospital da região oeste de Santa Catarina, Brasil, utilizando o método CHROMagar Candida, bem como avaliados seus respectivos perfis de suscetibilidade a antifúngicos usados no âmbito hospitalar utilizando o método de disco-difusão em ágar. Das 43 amostras analisadas, a maior prevalência da candidíase foi encontrada em pacientes com idade entre 51 e 70 anos e do gênero masculino. A maioria do isolados foi obtida de amostras de urina (n=25) e da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (n=22). As espécies mais frequentes foram C. albicans (n=24) e C. glabrata (n=13). A maioria dos isolados foi sensível à anfotericina B (86,05%) e a minoria (13,95%) sensível ao fluconazol. O setor de UTI, as amostras de urina e as culturas identificadas como C. albicans apresentaram vários isolados resistentes a todos os antifúngicos testados. O elevado número de isolados resistentes aos antifúngicos azólicos, provenientes principalmente de pacientes de UTI, indicam a importância do antifungigrama para a escolha do antifúngico e da dose mais adequados no tratamento de candidíases em pacientes críticos. Species of Candida Spp. in Clinical Isolates and Susceptibility for Antifungals used at Hospital Level ABSTRACT: The Candida yeast belongs to normal microbiota and can cause serious infections especially in the hospital environment. The various degrees of pathogenicity and sensitivity to antifungal presented by several species, combined with the increased frequency of infections caused by Candida spp. and the high morbidity and mortality rates indicate the importance of species identification as well as performing susceptibility testing for the successful treatment of candidiasis. In this study Candida species were identified in clinical isolates of patients treated in a hospital in the western region of Santa Catarina, Brasil, using CHROMagar Candida method and evaluated their susceptibility profiles to antifungal agents used in hospitals by disk diffusion agar method. Of the 43 samples analyzed, the highest prevalence of candidiasis was found in patients aged between 51 and 70 years old and male. Most of the isolates were obtained from urine samples (n = 25) and the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (n = 22). The most common species were C. albicans (n = 24) and C. glabrata (n = 13). Most isolates were sensitive to amphotericin B (86.05%) and the minority (13.95%) sensitive to fluconazole. The ICU sector, urine samples and cultures identified as C. albicans showed several isolates resistant to all tested antifungals. The high number of isolates resistant to azole antifungal mainly from ICU patients indicate the importance of antifungal susceptibility test to select the most appropriate antifungal and dose in the treatment of candidiasis in critically ill patients.

scholarly journals Azoles susceptibility profiles of more than 9,000 clinical yeast isolates belonging to 40 common and rare species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Desnos-Ollivier ◽  
Olivier Lortholary ◽  
Stéphane Bretagne ◽  
Françoise Dromer
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Pathogenic Yeast ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
National Reference Center ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

Invasive yeast infections represent a major global public health issue and only few antifungal agents are available. Azoles are one of the classes of antifungals used for treatment of invasive candidiasis. The determination of antifungal susceptibility profiles using standardized methods is important to identify resistant isolates and to uncover the potential emergence of intrinsically-resistant species. We here report data on 9,319 clinical isolates belonging to 40 pathogenic yeast species recovered in France over 17 years. The antifungal susceptibility profiles were all determined at the National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals based on the EUCAST broth microdilution method. The centralized collection and analysis allowed us to describe the trends of azoles susceptibility of isolates belonging to common species, confirming the high susceptibility for C. albicans (n=3,295), C. tropicalis (n=641), C. parapsilosis (n=820), and decreased susceptibility for C. glabrata (n=1,274), and P. kudriavzevii (n=343). They also provide interesting data concerning azole susceptibility of Cr. neoformans species complex: showing comparable MICs distribution for the three species but lower MIC50 and MIC90 for serotype D (n=208) compared to serotype A (n=949) and AD hybrids (n=177). Finally, these data provide useful information for rare and/or emerging species such as C. lusitaniae (n=221), S. clavata (n=184), M. guilliermondii complex (n=150), C. haemulonii complex (n=87), R. mucilaginosa (n=55), W. anomalus (n=36).

scholarly journals Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility Profiles of Cyberlindnera fabianii in Korea

Mycobiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hyun Park ◽  
Junsang Oh ◽  
Hyunkyu Sang ◽  
Bhushan Shrestha ◽  
Hyeyoung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

Susceptibility of Filamentous Fungi to Voriconazole in Malaysia Tested by Sensititre YeastOne and CLSI Microdilution Methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Ting Tan ◽  
Stephanie Jane Ginsapu ◽  
Fairuz binti Amran ◽  
Salina binti Mohamed Sukur ◽  
Surianti binti Shukor
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Sporothrix Schenckii ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Syncephalastrum Racemosum ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

Abstract Background: Voriconazole is a trizaole antifungal to treat fungal infection. In this study, the susceptibility pattern of voriconazole against filamentous fungi was studied using Sensititre® YeastOne and Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38 broth microdilution method. Methods: The suspected cultures of Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. versicolor, A. sydowii, A. calidoutus, A. creber, A. ochraceopetaliformis, A. tamarii, Fusarium solani, F. longipes, F. falciferus, F. keratoplasticum, Rhizopus oryzae, R. delemar, R. arrhizus, Mucor sp., Poitrasia circinans, Syncephalastrum racemosum and Sporothrix schenckii were received from hospitals. Their identification had been confirmed in our lab and susceptibility tests were performed using Sensititre® YeastOne and CLSI M38 broth microdilution method. The significant differences between two methods were calculated using Wilcoxon Sign Rank test.Results: Mean of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium were within 0.25 μg/mL-2.00 μg/mL by two methods except A. calidoutus, F. solani and F. keratoplasticum. Moreover, mean of MIC for S. schenkii were around 3.00 μg/mL by two methods. In contrast, mean of MIC for Rhizopus spp., Mucor sp., P. circinans and S. racemosum were ≥6.00 μg/mL by two methods. Generally, the MIC obtained by Sensititre YeastOne was one two-fold increase or decrease compared with the results obtained by CLSI method. The overall agreement between Sensititre YeastOne and CLSI methods to test susceptibility testing of voricaonazole was more than 70% except A. sydowii. The significant differences between two methods were significant when tested on A. niger, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. versicolor, A. sydowii, F. solani and S. schenkii. Conclusions: In conclusion, Sensititre YeastOne method appears to be an alternative procedure for antifungal susceptibility testing for some Malaysian moulds.

Sordarins: In Vitro Activities of New Antifungal Derivatives against Pathogenic Yeasts, Pneumocystis carinii, and Filamentous Fungi

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 2863-2869 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Herreros ◽  
C. M. Martinez ◽  
M. J. Almela ◽  
M. S. Marriott ◽  
F. Gomez De Las Heras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Pneumocystis Carinii ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Pseudallescheria Boydii ◽  
Absidia Corymbifera ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Blastoschizomyces Capitatus

ABSTRACT GM 193663, GM 211676, GM 222712, and GM 237354 are new semisynthetic derivatives of the sordarin class. The in vitro antifungal activities of GM 193663, GM 211676, GM 222712, and GM 237354 against 111 clinical yeast isolates of Candida albicans,Candida kefyr, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, Candida krusei, and Cryptococcus neoformans were compared. The in vitro activities of some of these compounds against Pneumocystis carinii, 20 isolates each of Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus, and 30 isolates of emerging less-common mold pathogens and dermatophytes were also compared. The MICs of GM 193663, GM 211676, GM 222712, and GM 237354 at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited (MIC90s) were 0.03, 0.03, 0.004, and 0.015 μg/ml, respectively, for C. albicans, including strains with decreased susceptibility to fluconazole; 0.5, 0.5, 0.06, and 0.12 μg/ml, respectively, for C. tropicalis; and 0.004, 0.015, 0.008, and 0.03 μg/ml, respectively, forC. kefyr. GM 222712 and GM 237354 were the most active compounds against C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, and Cryptococcus neoformans. AgainstC. glabrata and C. parapsilosis, the MIC90s of GM 222712 and GM 237354 were 0.5 and 4 μg/ml and 1 and 16 μg/ml, respectively. The MIC90s of GM 222712 and GM 237354 againstCryptococcus neoformans were 0.5 and 0.25 μg/ml, respectively. GM 193663, GM 211676, GM 222712, and GM 237354 were extremely active against P. carinii. The efficacies of sordarin derivatives against this organism were determined by measuring the inhibition of the uptake and incorporation of radiolabelled methionine into newly synthesized proteins. All compounds tested showed 50% inhibitory concentrations of <0.008 μg/ml. Against A. flavus and A. fumigatus, the MIC90s of GM 222712 and GM 237354 were 1 and 32 μg/ml and 32 and >64 μg/ml, respectively. In addition, GM 237354 was tested against the most important emerging fungal pathogens which affect immunocompromised patients. Cladosporium carrioni, Pseudallescheria boydii, and the yeast-like fungi Blastoschizomyces capitatus and Geotrichum clavatum were the most susceptible of the fungi to GM 237354, with MICs ranging from ≤0.25 to 2 μg/ml. The MICs of GM 237354 against Trichosporon beigelii and the zygomycetesAbsidia corymbifera, Cunninghamella bertholletiae, and Rhizopus arrhizus ranged from ≤0.25 to 8 μg/ml. Against dermatophytes, GM 237354 MICs were ≥2 μg/ml. In summary, we concluded that some sordarin derivatives, such as GM 222712 and GM 237354, showed excellent in vitro activities against a wide range of pathogenic fungi, includingCandida spp., Cryptococcus neoformans, P. carinii, and some filamentous fungi and emerging invasive fungal pathogens.

scholarly journals Prevalence, distribution and antifungal susceptibility profiles of Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis bloodstream isolates

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1003-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Xavier Bonfietti ◽  
Marilena dos Anjos Martins ◽  
Maria Walderez Szeszs ◽  
Sandra Brasil Stolf Pukiskas ◽  
Sonia Ueda Purisco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Candida Metapsilosis ◽  
Candida Orthopsilosis ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

Value of antifungal susceptibility testing in recurrent vulvovaginal Candidiasis by Non -Albicans Candida

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
Ghada A. Mokhtar ◽  
Mohamed Sh. Ramadan ◽  
Shymaa Yahia
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Vitek 2

Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is regarded as a prevalent vaginal infection and mainly results from Candida albicans. Nevertheless, there has recently been a prominent shift in candidiasis etiology regarding non-albicans Candida (NAC) species with achieving importance. For women with more than three episodes annually are described as recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC). Objectives: To isolate, speciate, and determine the value of antifungal sensitivity pattern of candida species isolated from patients developed (RVVC). Methodology: High vaginal swabs (HVS) were taken from patients with RVVC and cultured on ordinary mycological media. Any significant candida growth was identified and speciated by VITEK 2 system. Their antifungal sensitivity was done by disc diffusion approach governed by CLSI guidelines. Results: A total of 110 Candida species from 250 high vaginal swabs were isolated. Among all candida species isolated from patients with RVCC, C.albicanis accounts for 44% while NAC accounts for 56% with C.glabrata most common species isolated. Voriconazole, amphotericin B, and nystatin showed high sensitivity rates (92 %, 89%, and 84% respectively) on all candida species (C.albicans and NAC) isolated from patients with RVVC. Conclusion: In RVCC there is increase in NAC (56%) with C.glabrata most common species isolated. Voriconazole, Nystatin, and amphotericin B have the best antifungal activity against all spp.

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