scholarly journals Sampling Procedure for Establishing Criteria for Sea Urchin (Loxechinus albus) Proportion under the Legal Minimum Length of landings

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Gustavo Di Giorgi ◽  
Marvin Querales ◽  
Javier E. Contreras-Reyes ◽  
Danilo Pereira ◽  
Carola Hernández-Santoro
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Sampling Plan ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Minimum Length ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Loxechinus Albus

Sea urchin (Loxechinus albus) is one of the most economically important species in the northeast of Chilean Patagonia, forming part of the highly diverse benthic community. This resource is being harvested under selective fishing pressure, which suppresses growth rates. In response, the National Standards Institute established Regulation 44 as a quality control measure, based on a sampling approach considering the percentage of sea urchin under the minimum legal size (UMLS) through an acceptance sampling plan. In 2019, the Chilean Undersecretary of Fisheries and Aquaculture (SUBPESCA), under Exempt Resolution No. 910, ruled that any vessel that landed 15% with sea urchin of 6.5 cm UMLS of the total catch weight will be sanctioned. In this paper, a sampling design is presented to establish criteria regarding compliance with this provision. The plan provides a statistical methodology for the evaluation of the percentage of UMLS sea urchin, which corroborates and certifies the current legislation that sanctions and fines the capture of sea urchin that does not comply with UMLS values outlined in Regulation 44. Assuming a systematic sampling plan and under assumed UMLS values of 6.0, 6.5, and 7.0 cm, it is determined that 15% of total landings (margin of tolerance) of sea urchin under 6.5 cm is the optimal level. Thus, a correct specification of the UMLS allows protecting the most vulnerable fraction of the population from overexploitation for growth.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Locational and Environmental Effects of Religious Centres on Adjoining Development in Ibadan, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. O. Odunola
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
P Value ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
Residential Areas

This study assesses locational and environmental effects of religious centres on adjourning development in Ibadan South-East Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria. Primary and secondary data were utilized. Geographic coordinates of religious centres were collected using GPS for a location-based mapping and nearest neighbour analysis in ArcGIS 10.3. A Multi-stage sampling technique was employed and systematic sampling procedure was used to administered 210 copies of questionnaires to respondents. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics which were frequency distribution and absolute mean in SPSS. Results showed that the nearest neighbour index (Rn) is 0.01 with critical value of <-2.58, p-value is 0.704138 and the nearest neighbour ratio equals 0.61799. Most religious centres were located without planning development permits and therefore are restricted by law to operate in the residential areas they were sited. Other key findings were based on three indices that were developed which are Proliferation Influencing Index (PII), Environmental Impact Index (EII) and Precaution Measures Index (PMI). The highest PII of 3.82 indicated that the proliferation of religious centres is majorly caused by “beliefs and practices”. An EII of 4.03 showed that environmental impact is highly due to “non-compliance with conditions of existing consents already in place” while “payment of fine by defaulters” with the highest PMI of 3.85 is the most used control measure. This study concludes that religious centres have been encouraged in residential areas by use of fines as against the enforcement of planning regulations as contained appropriately in urban and planning regional law.

scholarly journals Functional insights into the testis transcriptome of the edible sea urchin Loxechinus albus

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Diego Gaitán-Espitia ◽  
Roland Sánchez ◽  
Paulina Bruning ◽  
Leyla Cárdenas
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Loxechinus Albus

scholarly journals A Survey of Declining Palms (Arecaceae) With 16SrIV-D Phytoplasma to Evaluate the Distribution and Host Range in Florida

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 2512-2519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian W. Bahder ◽  
Noemi Soto ◽  
Ericka E. Helmick ◽  
Kishore K. Dey ◽  
Lidia Komondy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
The State ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
New Host ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Fort Lauderdale ◽  
Sabal Palmetto ◽  
Palm Species ◽  
Research And Education

The 16SrIV-D phytoplasma was first identified in Florida in 2006. Since its discovery, it has spread throughout most of the state. It is most prevalent in the central part of Florida, from Hillsborough County on the west coast to St. Lucie County on the east coast. The 16SrIV-D phytoplasma is the causal agent of lethal bronzing disease (LBD), which is also known as Texas Phoenix palm decline (TPPD). It affects a variety of common and economically important ornamental palm species as well as the native and ecologically important species, Sabal palmetto. It has spread into the southern portions of Florida, where the palm species diversity is higher. The aims of this survey were to document the spread of disease in terms of geographic and host range one decade after its introduction into Florida, and to assess the risk that LBD poses to the nursery and landscaping industries. The survey included samples received from stakeholders throughout the state, covering 18 counties, as well as a systematic sampling of palms at the Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center (FLREC), where the disease is spreading actively. The findings of this survey resulted in the detection of LBD in eight new counties, including Collier, Hernando, Jefferson, Martin, Miami-Dade, Monroe, Seminole, and St. Johns, and the expansion of LBD into four new host species, Cocos nucifera, Livistona chinensis, Butia capitata, and Carpentaria acuminata. These findings are crucial for stakeholders because they highlight new hosts of 16SrIV-D phytoplasma and the geographic expansion of the disease, indicating that vigilance is needed when surveying declining palms.

Using growth ring formation to study growth patterns of exploited sea urchin (Loxechinus albus) populations

2018 ◽  
Vol 201 ◽  
pp. 88-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Balboa ◽  
Carlos Molinet ◽  
Nancy Barahona ◽  
Patricio A. Díaz ◽  
Dagoberto Subiabre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Ring Formation ◽  
Loxechinus Albus

Effect of bacterial LPS, poly I:C and temperature on the immune response of coelomocytes in short term cultures of red sea urchin (Loxechinus albus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 187-193
Author(s):  
Phillip Dettleff ◽  
Maximiliano Villagra ◽  
Joaquín González ◽  
Marcia Fuentes ◽  
Juan Manuel Estrada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Red Sea Urchin ◽  
Loxechinus Albus

scholarly journals Reproduction of the sea urchin Loxechinus albus across a bathymetric gradient in the Chilean Inland Sea

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Molinet ◽  
Carlos A Moreno ◽  
Edwin J Niklitschek ◽  
Manira Matamala ◽  
Mónica Neculman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Loxechinus Albus

scholarly journals First Record and Massive Spread of Tropical Long-Spined Sea Urchin Diadema antillarum in the Mediterranean Sea (Syrian Coast)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Izdihar Ali Ammar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
First Record ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Diadema Antillarum ◽  
Important Species ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Syrian Coast

The biological structure of the Syrian marine environment still shows a rapid and steady increase in the number of warm water species, many of which have become dominant and invasive. In the latest field data during 2020-2021, the presence of the black sea urchin Diadema antillarum (Philippi, 1845) was recorded for the first time in several locations in Latakia and Ras al-Bassit coast, and its massive spread at depths of 5-8 m, accompanied by invasive species of macroalgae, sponges, crustaceans and mollusks.. It is noteworthy that this species is one of the most widespread and important species of sea urchins in some tropical areas, and this is the first record in the Mediterranean Sea and the Syrian coast It is important as it prey on macroalgae and has an effective role in the health of some of the most important areas of biodiversity in the world.

scholarly journals Effectiveness and safety of azithromycin 1.5% eye drops for mass treatment of active trachoma in a highly endemic district in Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000531
Author(s):  
Assumpta Lucienne Bella ◽  
Ellen Einterz ◽  
Pierre Huguet ◽  
Philippe Bensaid ◽  
Abdou Amza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Interruption ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Mass Treatment ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Initial Report ◽  
Active Trachoma ◽  
Endemic District

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of azithromycin 1.5% eye drops under field conditions to reduce active trachoma in a highly endemic district in Cameroon. This is a follow-up of an initial report published in 2010.Methods and analysisThree annual campaigns were performed in 2008, 2009 and 2010 to treat the population (~1 20 000 individuals) of the Kolofata Health District with topical azithromycin 1.5% (one drop in each eye, morning and evening for three consecutive days). The effectiveness of this intervention against active trachoma was assessed in children aged 1–9 years in cross-sectional studies prior to each mass treatment using a systematic sampling procedure (in 2008, 2009 and 2010) and then 1 year (2011) and 3 years (2013) after the last intervention among the villages with previously high active trachoma prevalence or never tested.ResultsThe prevalence of trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF) dropped from 24.0% (95% CI 20.7 to 27.5) before treatment to 2.8% (95% CI 2.2 to 3.7) 1 year after completion of the 3 year campaign. Trachomatous inflammation—intense was present in only 4 (0.2%) children 1 year after the third round of treatment. Three years after the last campaign, the surveillance survey among the most prevalent villages and villages never tested before showed a prevalence of 5.2% (95% CI 3.6 to 7.2) of active trachoma. Tolerance was excellent, with no report of treatment interruption, serious ocular or systemic adverse events.ConclusionAnnual mass treatment with azithromycin eye drops was shown to be effective in reducing TF to a level ≤5% one year after a 3-round annual mass treatment in an endemic region at the district level.

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