scholarly journals Determination of the Round Window Niche Anatomy Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography Imaging as Preparatory Work for Individualized Drug-Releasing Implants

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Farnaz Matin ◽  
Ziwen Gao ◽  
Felix Repp ◽  
Samuel John ◽  
Thomas Lenarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Local Drug Delivery ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Round Window Membrane ◽  
Round Window Niche ◽  
Bony Overhang

Modern therapy of inner ear disorders is increasingly shifting to local drug delivery using a growing number of pharmaceuticals. Access to the inner ear is usually made via the round window membrane (RWM), located in the bony round window niche (RWN). We hypothesize that the individual shape and size of the RWN have to be taken into account for safe reliable and controlled drug delivery. Therefore, we investigated the anatomy and its variations. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 50 patients were analyzed. Based on the reconstructed 3D volumes, individual anatomies of the RWN, RWM, and bony overhang were determined by segmentation using 3D SlicerTM with a custom build plug-in. A large individual anatomical variability of the RWN with a mean volume of 4.54 mm3 (min 2.28 mm3, max 6.64 mm3) was measured. The area of the RWM ranged from 1.30 to 4.39 mm2 (mean: 2.93 mm2). The bony overhang had a mean length of 0.56 mm (min 0.04 mm, max 1.24 mm) and the shape was individually very different. Our data suggest that there is a potential for individually designed and additively manufactured RWN implants due to large differences in the volume and shape of the RWN.

The Penetration of Gentamicin and Neomycin into Perilymph Across the Round Window Membrane

1979 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 888-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce M. Smith ◽  
Martin G. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Aminoglycoside Antibiotics ◽  
Round Window Membrane ◽  
Ionic Solutions ◽  
Adult Cats ◽  
Round Window Niche ◽  
Gain Access

Many commonly employed otic drops contain aminoglycoside antibiotics that may be toxic to the inner ear. A variety of chemicals such as ionic solutions, certain anesthetics, and epinephrine have been shown to diffuse across the round window membrane into the perilymph. Twelve adult cats were studied in this experiment. The auditory bulla was exposed and solutions containing gentamicin or neomycin concentrations similar to that commonly used in otic drops were applied to the round window niche for 15 minutes and washed with saline solution. The gentamicin and neomycin concentrations in the round window niche wash and the perilymph were then assayed by a radioenzymatic method. Concentrations of both antibiotics were observed in the perilymph. Thus, the round window membrane is a route through which these ototoxins may gain access to the inner ear.

Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Incidental Findings in Individuals With Cleft Lip and Palate

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Santos ◽  
Ilana Ickow ◽  
Joici Job ◽  
Jack E. Brooker ◽  
Lucas A. Dvoracek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Incidental Findings ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Cone Beam

Objectives: The use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is well-established in clinical practice. This study seeks to categorize and quantify the incidental finding (IF) rate on CBCT in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) prior to orthodontic or surgical treatment. Methods: This is systematic retrospective review of head and neck CBCTs in patients with nonsyndromic CLP taken between 2012 and 2019 at a single tertiary referral center. All assessments were performed independently by 4 observers (a head and neck radiologist and 3 orthodontists, including 2 fellowship-trained cleft-craniofacial orthodontists ). The images were divided into 9 anatomical areas and screened using serial axial slices and 3D reconstructions. The absolute number of IFs was reported for each area and statistical analysis was performed. Results: Incidental findings were found in 106 (95.5%) of the 111 patients. The most common sites were the maxilla (87.4%, principally dental anomalies), paranasal sinuses (46.8%, principally inflammatory opacification), and inner ear cavities (18.9%, principally inflammatory opacification). Eleven patients had skull malformations. Thirty-three patients had IFs in 1 anatomical area, 49 patients in 2 anatomical areas, 19 patients in 3 areas, and 5 patients presented with IFs in 4 of the 9 anatomical areas. Discussion: In patients with CLP, IFs on CBCT exam were present in the majority of cases. Most patients with IFs had them in multiple anatomical areas of the head and neck. The maxillary dental–alveolar complex was the most common area. Inflammatory changes in the inner ear cavities and paranasal sinuses were also common; however, cervical spine and skull abnormalities were also identified. Clinicians caring for patients with CLP should be aware of IFs, which may warrant further investigation and treatment.

scholarly journals Cone beam computed tomography after round window vibroplasty: do the radiological findings match the auditory outcome?

2015 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Barbara ◽  
Luigi Volpini ◽  
Mario Ciotti ◽  
Chiara Filippi ◽  
Edoardo Covelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Radiological Findings

Value of cone beam computed tomography to evaluate complication of intracranial haemorrhage in endovascular treatment (evt): a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norafida Bahari ◽  
Nik Azuan Nik Ismail ◽  
Jegan Thanabalan ◽  
Ahmad Sobri Muda
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Brain Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Embolic Materials

In this article, we evaluate the effectiveness of Cone Beam Computed Tomography, through a case study, in assessing the complication of intracranial bleeding during an endovascular treatment of brain arteriovenous malformation when compared to Multislice-Detector Computed Tomography performed immediately after the procedure. The image quality of Cone Beam Computed Tomography has enough diagnostic value in differentiating between haemorrhage, embolic materials and the arteriovenous malformation nidus to facilitate physicians to decide for further management of the patient.

Value of cone beam computed tomography to evaluate complication of intracranial haemorrhage in endovascular treatment (evt): a case report.

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
Norafida Bahari ◽  
NikAzuan Nik Ismail ◽  
Jegan Thanabalan ◽  
Ahmad Sobri Muda
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Brain Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Embolic Materials

In this article, we evaluate the effectiveness of Cone Beam Computed Tomography, through a case study, in assessing the complication of intracranial bleeding during an endovascular treatment of brain arteriovenous malformation when compared to Multislice-Detector Computed Tomography performed immediately after the procedure. The image quality of Cone Beam Computed Tomography has enough diagnostic value in differentiating between haemorrhage, embolic materials and the arteriovenous malformation nidus to facilitate physicians to decide for further management of the patient.

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