scholarly journals The Influence of Physical Load on Dynamic Postural Control—A Systematic Replication Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Jessica Heil ◽  
Sarah Schulte ◽  
Dirk Büsch
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Physical Load ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
Anaerobic Test

Dynamic postural control is challenged during many actions in sport such as when landing or cutting. A decrease of dynamic postural control is one possible risk factor for non-contact injuries. Moreover, these injuries mainly occur under loading conditions. Hence, to assess an athlete’s injury risk properly, it is essential to know how dynamic postural control is influenced by physical load. Therefore, the study’s objective was to examine the influence of maximal anaerobic load on dynamic postural control. Sixty-four sport students (32 males and 32 females, age: 24.11 ± 2.42, height: 175.53 ± 8.17 cm, weight: 67.16 ± 10.08 kg) were tested with the Y-Balance Test before and after a Wingate Anaerobic Test on a bicycle ergometer. In both legs, reach distances (anterior) and composite scores were statistically significantly reduced immediately after the loading protocol. The values almost returned to pre-load levels in about 20 min post-load. Overall, findings indicate an acute negative effect of load on dynamic postural control and a higher potential injury risk during a period of about 20 min post-load. To assess an athlete’s sports-specific injury risk, we recommend testing dynamic postural control under loaded conditions.

The Effects of Gender and Fatigue on Dynamic Postural Control

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip A. Gribble ◽  
Richard H. Robinson ◽  
Jay Hertel ◽  
Craig R. Denegar
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Model Design ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Gender

Context:Deficits in static postural control related to fatigue have been investigated previously, but there is little evidence to link fatigue to performance measures of dynamic postural control.Objective:To investigate the effects of fatigue and gender on performance measures of the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT).Design:Mixed-model design.Setting:Research laboratory.Participants:16 healthy young adults.Intervention:Subjects performed the SEBT before and after 4 different fatiguing conditions.Main Outcome Measures:The normalized reach distances and sagittal-plane kinematics of the knee and hip were recorded.Results:Fatigue produced deficits in normalized reach distances and decreased knee flexion in all 3 reaching directions. Overall, women were able to reach farther than men while simultaneously demonstrating a greater amount of knee flexion.Conclusions:Gender differences were observed during performance of the SEBT, with women demonstrating greater reach distances and knee flexion, and fatigue amplified these differences.

scholarly journals The Influence of Exercise-Induced Fatigue on Inter-Limb Asymmetries: a Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Heil ◽  
Florian Loffing ◽  
Dirk Büsch
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Physical Load ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Isokinetic Strength Testing ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Limb Asymmetry ◽  
Exercise Induced

Abstract Background Non-contact injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament ruptures often occur during physical load toward the end of a match. This is ascribed to emerging processes due to exercise-induced fatigue. Moreover, non-contact injuries often occur during dynamic actions such as landing or cutting movements. Inter-limb asymmetries are suggested as one possible cause for those injuries based on findings indicating that asymmetries between limbs are associated with a higher injury risk. Hence, assessing inter-limb asymmetry during physical load in the condition of exercise-induced fatigue is warranted to identify potentially relevant precursors for non-contact injuries. Objective The objective of this study was to overview the current state of evidence concerning the influence of exercise-induced fatigue on inter-limb asymmetries through a systematic review. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted using the databases Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, SURF, and SPONET to identify studies that assessed inter-limb asymmetries of healthy people, calculated with an asymmetry equation, before and after, or during a loading protocol. Results Thirteen studies were included in the systematic review. The loading protocols involved running, race walking, jumping, squatting, soccer, rowing, and combinations of different exercises. Moreover, different tasks/procedures were used to assess inter-limb asymmetries, e.g., squats, single-leg countermovement jumps, gait analysis, or isokinetic strength testing. The results seem to depend on the implemented loading protocol, the tasks/procedures, and the measured parameters. Conclusions Future research needs more systematization and consistency, assessing the effect of exercise-induced fatigue on inter-limb asymmetries. Moreover, the emergence of inter-limb asymmetries should be regarded in the context of sport-specific movements/tasks. Testing before, after, and during a physical loading protocol is advisable to consider the influence of exercise-induced fatigue on sport-specific tasks and to identify the possible mechanisms underlying load-dependent inter-limb asymmetries with regard to risk of non-contact injury.

scholarly journals The Disturbing Effect of Neuromuscular Fatigue on Postural Control Is Accentuated in the Premenstrual Phase in Female Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maissa Kacem ◽  
Rihab Borji ◽  
Sonia Sahli ◽  
Haithem Rebai
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Fatigue Effect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fatiguing Exercise

This study explored the fatigue effect on postural control (PC) across menstrual cycle phases (MCPs) in female athletes. Isometric maximal voluntary contraction (IMVC), the center of pressure sway area (CoParea), CoP length in the medio-lateral (CoPLX) and antero-posterior (CoPLY) directions, and Y-balance test (YBT) were assessed before and after a fatiguing exercise during the follicular phase (FP), mid-luteal phase (LP), and premenstrual phase (PMP). Baseline normalized reach distances (NRDs) for the YBT were lower (p = 0.00) in the PMP compared to others MCPs, but the IMVC, CoParea, CoPLX, and CoPLY remained unchanged. After exercise, the IMVC and the NRD decrease was higher at PMP compared to FP (p = 0.00) and LP (p = 0.00). The CoParea, CoPLX, and CoPLY increase was higher in the PMP compared to FP (p = 0.00) and LP (p = 0.00). It was concluded that there is an accentuated PC impairment after exercise observed at PMP.

scholarly journals Limb Differences in Unipedal Balance Performance in Young Male Soccer Players with Different Ages

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Muehlbauer ◽  
Gerrit Schwiertz ◽  
Dennis Brueckner ◽  
Rainer Kiss ◽  
Stefan Panzer
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Main Effects

In soccer, the dominant leg is frequently used for passing and kicking while standing on the non-dominant leg. Consequently, postural control in the standing leg might be superior compared to the kicking leg and is further enhanced with increasing age (i.e., level of playing experience). Unfortunately, leg differences in postural control are associated with an increased risk of injuries. Thus, we examined differences between limbs in unipedal balance performance in young soccer players at different ages. Performance in the Lower Quarter Y Balance Test (YBT-LQ) of the dominant and non-dominant leg and anthropometry was assessed in 76 young male soccer players (under-13 years [U13]: n = 19, U15: n = 14, U17: n = 21, U19: n = 22). Maximal reach distances (% leg length) and the composite scores were used for further analyses. Statistical analyses yielded no statistically significant main effects of leg or significant Leg × Age interactions, irrespective of the measure investigated. However, limb differences in the anterior reach direction were above the proposed cut-off value of >4 cm, which is indicative of increased injury risk. Further, statistically significant main effects of age were found for all investigated parameters, indicating larger reach distances in older (U19) compared to younger (U13) players (except for U15 players). Although reach differences between legs were non-significant, the value in the anterior reach direction was higher than the cut-off value of >4 cm in all age groups. This is indicative of an increased injury risk, and thus injury prevention programs should be part of the training of young soccer players.

scholarly journals The Effect of Spine Stability Exercise on Dynamic Postural Control and Possibility to Have Ankle Injury in Basketball Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dovilė Juknevičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Ankle Sprain ◽  
Ankle Injury ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Ankle Ligaments ◽  
Spine Stability ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ankle Trauma ◽  
Star Excursion Balance Test

Ankle ligaments injury is a common trauma in athletes, when proprioception, sensomotor control, muscle strength and balance are disturbed. Possibility to have trauma remains high, thus, trauma prevention plays a very important role. The aim of the study was to evaluate dynamic postural control and possibility to have ankle injury before and after spine stability exercise. Basketball players’ dynamic postural control was assessed using the modified Star Excursion Balance test and risk to experience ankle trauma – the calculation of the combined result. Before applying spine stability exercise basketball players who had not had degree II ankle sprain had better dynamic postural control in all directions than basketball players who had had degree II ankle sprain. After eight weeks of applying spine stability exercise dynamic postural control of basketball players who had had degree II ankle sprain improved significantly (p < 0.05) in all directions, dynamic postural control of but basketball players who not had degree II ankle sprain improved, but insignificantly (p > 0.05). Before applying spine stability exercise, 78% of basketball players who had had degree II ankle sprain and 22% basketball players who not had degree II ankle sprain had higher possibility to experience ankle trauma, but after eight weeks of spine stability exercise 11% of basketball players in both groups had higher possibility to experience ankle trauma. Spine stability exercise had positive effect on dynamic postural control and reduced possibility to experience ankle injury.Keywords: dynamic postural control, ankle injury, spine stability, modified Star Excursion Balance test.

EFFECTIVENESS OF OMURA'S ST.36 POINT {TRUE ST.36) NEEDLING ON THE WINGATE ANAEROBIC TEST RESULTS OF YOUNG SOCCER PLAYERS

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kemal Nuri Ozerkan ◽  
Butent Bayraktar ◽  
Ilker Yucesir ◽  
Bans Cakir ◽  
Fatin Yildiz
Keyword(s):  
Soccer Players ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Anaerobic Test

scholarly journals Effects of the Suboccipital Muscle Inhibition Technique on the Range of Motion of the Ankle Joint and Balance According to Its Application Duration: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 646
Author(s):  
Han-Sol Kang ◽  
Hyung-Wook Kwon ◽  
Di-gud Kim ◽  
Kwang-Rak Park ◽  
Suk-Chan Hahm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Active Range Of Motion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Muscle Inhibition ◽  
Inhibition Technique

This study aimed to investigate the effects of suboccipital muscle inhibition technique (SMIT) on active range of motion (AROM) of the ankle joint, lunge angle (LA), and balance in healthy adults, according to the duration of its application. A total of 80 participants were randomly allocated to the 4-min suboccipital muscle inhibition (SMI) group (SMI_4M, n = 20), 8-min SMI group (n = 20), 4-min sham-SMI (SSMI) group (n = 20), and 8-min SSMI group (n = 20). Accordingly, the SMIT and sham SMIT were applied for 4 min or 8 min in the respective groups. AROM of dorsiflexion and LA were assessed, and a single leg balance test (SLBT) was performed before and after the intervention. AROM (4 min, p < 0.001; 8 min, p < 0.001), LA (4 min, p < 0.001; 8 min, p < 0.001), and SLBT (4 min, p < 0.001; 8 min, p < 0.001) significantly improved after SMI application. Compared with the SSMI group, the SMI group showed a significant increase in AROM (p < 0.001), LA (p < 0.001), and SLBT (p < 0.001). Except for SLBT (p = 0.016), there were no significant interactions between intervention and application duration. The results suggest that the SMIT, at durations of both 4 and 8 min, could be effective tools for improving AROM, LA, and balance.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Dynamic Balance and Jumping Tests among Adolescent Amateur Rugby Players. A Preliminary Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Bartosz Wilczyński ◽  
Jakub Hinca ◽  
Daniel Ślęzak ◽  
Katarzyna Zorena
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Counter Movement Jump ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rugby Players

Rugby is a demanding contact sport. In light of research, poor balance, reduced jumping ability, muscle strength, and incorrect landing patterns might contribute to the increased risk of injury in athletes. Investigating the relationship between tests assessing these abilities might not only allow for the skillful programming of preventive training but also helps in assessing the risk of injury to athletes. Thus, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dynamic balance, vertical and horizontal jumps, and jump-landings movement patterns. Thirty-one healthy amateur adolescent rugby players (age: 14.3 ± 1.6 years, height 171.4 ± 9.7 cm, body mass 80 ± 26 kg) participated in the study. Data were collected by the Y-balance Test (YBT), Counter Movement Jump (CMJ), Single Leg Hop for Distance (SLHD), and Landing Error Score System (LESS). Significant positive correlations were found between SLHD both legs (SLHDb) and YBT Composite both legs (COMb) (r = 0.51, p = 0.0037) and between SLHDb and CMJ (r = 0.72, p < 0.0001). A relationship was also observed between the CMJ and YBT COMb test (r = 0.51, p = 0.006). Moderate positive correlations were found between the dominant legs in SLHD and the posterolateral (r = 0.40, p = 0.027), posteromedial (r = 0.43, p = 0.014), and composite (r = 0.48, p = 0.006) directions of the YBT. These results indicate that variables that are dependent on each other can support in the assessment of injury-risk and in enhancing sports performance of young athletes.

scholarly journals Feasibility and Effectiveness of a Motion Tracking-Based Online Fitness Program for Office Workers

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 584
Author(s):  
Sun-Young Joo ◽  
Chang-Bae Lee ◽  
Na-Young Joo ◽  
Chung-Reen Kim
Keyword(s):  
Motion Tracking ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Fitness Program ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Digital Healthcare

The development of technology-based home fitness has emerged from the booming digital healthcare market and recent demands for at-home fitness and health equipment due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Digital healthcare company Alyce Healthcare recently developed Weelo, which is a web-based online fitness program. Weelo recommends an exercise protocol through machine-learning-enabled recognition of the user’s motion and provides visual and auditory feedback. We evaluated whether Weelo improves physical and mental well-being to assess its capabilities and effectiveness. Thirty-two participants performed a total of 20 exercise sessions following the Weelo guide on a laptop. The participants were evaluated using a before and after exercise program, body composition, handgrip strength, six-minute walk test, modified star excursion balance test, short form 36, fatigue severity scale, Beck depression index, and a satisfaction survey. Overall, there was a significant improvement in muscle strength, endurance, and balance ability, as well as an improved quality of life and significant reduction in fatigue and depression. Participants showed high motivation to continue following the Weelo exercise program. In conclusion, utilizing Weelo improved physical and mental well-being and is considered to be an individual-use indoor exercise program that serves as an alternative to traditional face-to-face exercise.

scholarly journals How cognitive loads modulate the postural control of older women with low back pain?

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Ge ◽  
Qiuhua Yu ◽  
Chuhuai Wang ◽  
Huanjie Huang ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Dual Tasks ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Arithmetic Task

Abstract Background The capacity of postural control is a key factor related to falling in older people, particularly in older women with low back pain (LBP). Cognitive involvement in postural control increases with age. However, most scholars have not considered different difficulty levels of cognitive loads when exploring the effects of cognition on postural control in older patients with LBP. The present study is to investigate how different levels of cognitive loads modulate postural control in older women with LBP. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Twenty older women with LBP were recruited into the LBP group, and 20 healthy older women without the history of LBP were recruited into the healthy control group. Balance parameters were computed to quantify postural control. All participants underwent the balance test, which required the participant to maintain stability during standing on a force platform with or without a concurrent cognitive task. The balance test included three levels of difficulties of posture tasks (eyes-open vs. eyes-closed vs. one-leg stance) and three cognitive tasks (without cognitive task vs. auditory arithmetic task vs. serial-7 s arithmetic task). Results A repeated-measure analysis of variance (3 postural tasks × 3 congnitive tasks× 2 groups) testing the effects of the different congnitive task levels on the performance in different postural conditions. Older women with LBP had worse postural control (as reflected by larger center of pressure (COP) parameters) than control group regardless of postural or cognitive difficulties. Compared with the single task, the COP parameters of participants with LBP were larger during dual tasks, even though the difficulty level of the cognitive task was low. Larger COP parameters were shown only if the difficulty level of the cognitive task was high in control group. Correlations between sway area/sway length and the number of falls were significant in dual tasks. Conclusion Our findings shed light on how cognitive loads modulate postural control for older women with LBP. Compared with control group, cognitive loads showed more disturbing effects on postural control in older women with LBP, which was associated with falling.

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