scholarly journals Four Minutes of Sprint Interval Training Had No Acute Effect on Improving Alertness, Mood, and Memory of Female Primary School Children and Secondary School Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Terence Chua ◽  
Abdul Rashid Aziz ◽  
Michael Chia
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Memory Recall ◽  
Sprint Interval Training ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Hedonic Scale

We investigated whether a 4-min sprint interval training (SIT) protocol had an acute effect (15 min after) on improving alertness, mood, and memory recall in female students. Sixty-three children and 131 adolescents were randomly assigned to either a SIT or control (CON) group by the class Physical Education (PE) teachers. The SIT intervention was delivered twice a week for 3 weeks. SIT participants performed three, 20-s ‘all-out’ effort sprints interspersed with 60-s intervals of walking while CON group sat down and rested. PE lessons were arranged such that the first two sessions were to familiarise participants with the SIT protocol leading to acute assessments conducted on the third session. On that occasion, both groups rated their alertness and mood on a single-item hedonic scale and underwent an adapted memory recall test. The same assessments were administered to both groups fifteen minutes after delivery of SIT intervention. A 4-min SIT involving three, 20 s ‘all-out’ effort intensity sprints did not have an acute main effect on improving alertness, mood and, memory recall in female children (ηp2 = 0.009) and adolescents (ηp2 = 0.012). Students’ exercise adherence and feedback from PE teachers are indicatives of the potential scalability of incorporating SIT into PE programmes. Different work-to-rest ratios could be used in future studies.

scholarly journals Effect of short-term sprint interval training on human skeletal muscle carbohydrate metabolism during exercise and time-trial performance

2006 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 2041-2047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten A. Burgomaster ◽  
George J. F. Heigenhauser ◽  
Martin J. Gibala
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Sprint Interval Training ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Lactate Accumulation ◽  
Pyruvate Oxidation ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Before And After

Our laboratory recently showed that six sessions of sprint interval training (SIT) over 2 wk increased muscle oxidative potential and cycle endurance capacity (Burgomaster KA, Hughes SC, Heigenhauser GJF, Bradwell SN, and Gibala MJ. J Appl Physiol 98: 1895–1900, 2005). The present study tested the hypothesis that short-term SIT would reduce skeletal muscle glycogenolysis and lactate accumulation during exercise and increase the capacity for pyruvate oxidation via pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH). Eight men [peak oxygen uptake (V̇o2 peak) = 3.8 ± 0.2 l/min] performed six sessions of SIT (4–7 × 30-s “all-out” cycling with 4 min of recovery) over 2 wk. Before and after SIT, biopsies (vastus lateralis) were obtained at rest and after each stage of a two-stage cycling test that consisted of 10 min at ∼60% followed by 10 min at ∼90% of V̇o2 peak. Subjects also performed a 250-kJ time trial (TT) before and after SIT to assess changes in cycling performance. SIT increased muscle glycogen content by ∼50% (main effect, P = 0.04) and the maximal activity of citrate synthase (posttraining: 7.8 ± 0.4 vs. pretraining: 7.0 ± 0.4 mol·kg protein −1·h−1; P = 0.04), but the maximal activity of 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase was unchanged (posttraining: 5.1 ± 0.7 vs. pretraining: 4.9 ± 0.6 mol·kg protein −1·h−1; P = 0.76). The active form of PDH was higher after training (main effect, P = 0.04), and net muscle glycogenolysis (posttraining: 100 ± 16 vs. pretraining: 139 ± 11 mmol/kg dry wt; P = 0.03) and lactate accumulation (posttraining: 55 ± 2 vs. pretraining: 63 ± 1 mmol/kg dry wt; P = 0.03) during exercise were reduced. TT performance improved by 9.6% after training (posttraining: 15.5 ± 0.5 vs. pretraining: 17.2 ± 1.0 min; P = 0.006), and a control group ( n = 8, V̇o2 peak = 3.9 ± 0.2 l/min) showed no change in performance when tested 2 wk apart without SIT (posttraining: 18.8 ± 1.2 vs. pretraining: 18.9 ± 1.2 min; P = 0.74). We conclude that short-term SIT improved cycling TT performance and resulted in a closer matching of glycogenolytic flux and pyruvate oxidation during submaximal exercise.

scholarly journals The Effect of Exercise Intensity on Total PYY and GLP-1 in Healthy Females: A Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian R. Hallworth ◽  
Jennifer L. Copeland ◽  
Jon Doan ◽  
Tom J. Hazell
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Sprint Interval Training ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Session Time ◽  
Acute Response ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Healthy Females

We compared the acute response of anorexigenic signals (total PYY and GLP-1) in response to submaximal and supramaximal exercise. Nine females completed three sessions: (1) moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT; 30 min; 65%  VO2max); (2) sprint interval training (SIT; 6 × 30 sec “all-out” cycling sprints with 4 min recovery); or (3) control (CTRL; no exercise). PYY and GLP-1 were measured via blood samples drawn before, immediately after, and 90 min after exercise. Perceptions of hunger were rated using a visual analogue scale at all blood sampling time points. There was a session × time interaction for GLP-1 (p=0.004) where SIT and MICT (p<0.015 and p<0.001) were higher compared to CTRL both immediately and 90 min after exercise. There was a main effect of time for PYY where 90 min after exercise it was decreased versus before and immediately after exercise. There was a session × time interaction for hunger with lower ratings following SIT versus MICT (p=0.027) and CTRL (p=0.031) 90 min after exercise. These results suggest that though GLP-1 is elevated after exercise in women, it is not affected by exercise intensity though hunger was lower 90 min after exercise with SIT. As the sample size is small further study is needed to confirm these findings.

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