scholarly journals Fatigability and Cardiorespiratory Impairments in Parkinson’s Disease: Potential Non-Motor Barriers to Activity Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Andrew E. Pechstein ◽  
Jared M. Gollie ◽  
Andrew A. Guccione
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Oxygen Delivery ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Over Time

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative condition after Alzheimer’s disease, affecting an estimated 160 per 100,000 people 65 years of age or older. Fatigue is a debilitating non-motor symptom frequently reported in PD, often manifesting prior to disease diagnosis, persisting over time, and negatively affecting quality of life. Fatigability, on the other hand, is distinct from fatigue and describes the magnitude or rate of change over time in the performance of activity (i.e., performance fatigability) and sensations regulating the integrity of the performer (i.e., perceived fatigability). While fatigability has been relatively understudied in PD as compared to fatigue, it has been hypothesized that the presence of elevated levels of fatigability in PD results from the interactions of homeostatic, psychological, and central factors. Evidence from exercise studies supports the premise that greater disturbances in metabolic homeostasis may underly elevated levels of fatigability in people with PD when engaging in physical activity. Cardiorespiratory impairments constraining oxygen delivery and utilization may contribute to the metabolic alterations and excessive fatigability experienced in individuals with PD. Cardiorespiratory fitness is often reduced in people with PD, likely due to the combined effects of biological aging and impairments specific to the disease. Decreases in oxygen delivery (e.g., reduced cardiac output and impaired blood pressure responses) and oxygen utilization (e.g., reduced skeletal muscle oxidative capacity) compromise skeletal muscle respiration, forcing increased reliance on anaerobic metabolism. Thus, the assessment of fatigability in people with PD may provide valuable information regarding the functional status of people with PD not obtained with measures of fatigue. Moreover, interventions that target cardiorespiratory fitness may improve fatigability, movement performance, and health outcomes in this patient population.

scholarly journals Predicting neuropsychiatric symptoms of Parkinson’s disease with measures of striatal dopaminergic deficiency

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Bishnoi ◽  
Marina C. Badir ◽  
Sandarsh Surya ◽  
Nagy A. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dopamine Transporter ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Dopamine Transporters ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACTThe role of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons degeneration is well established in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease. However, it is unclear if and how the degeneration of the dopamine pathways affects the manifestation of the neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging, a technique to measure the reduction in the dopamine transporters is increasingly used as a tool in the diagnosis of PD. In this study, we examine if the baseline dopamine transporter density in the striatum measured by striatal binding ratio (SBR) is associated with the longitudinal onset and/or progression of NPS in PD as measured by the part 1 of Movement Disorder Society - Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, over four years. Data of patients with PD and an abnormal screening present on 123I-ioflupane single-proton emission computed tomography were obtained from Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database. Latent Growth Modeling (LGM), a statistical technique that can model the change over time while considering the variability in rate of change at the individual level was used to examine the progression of NPS over time. The results indicate the SBR did not correlate with the baseline NPS but did correlate with the rate of change of NPS (p<0.001) over the next four years, even after eliminating age related variance which can be a significant confounding factor. In conclusion, this study showed gradual worsening in NPS in patients with Parkinson’s disease which inversely correlates with the density of the dopamine transporters as measured by SBR at baseline.

scholarly journals Integration of Aluminium Interdigitated Electrodes with Zinc Oxide as Nanocomposite for Selectively Detect Alpha-Synuclein for Parkinson’s Disease Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2129 (1) ◽  
pp. 012094
Author(s):  
Hussaini Adam ◽  
Subash C. B Gopinath ◽  
Uda Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Interdigitated Electrodes ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Surface Modified

Abstract Parkinson’s disease is associated with motor and non-motor symptoms, mostly a motor symptom such as tremor is said to be an early indication for Parkinson’s disease development. Because of higher demands for faster and more precise diagnostic methods, it has sparked trends in the development of a biosensor for the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Therefore, this study has fabricated a biosensor that is capable of detecting a specific Parkinson’s disease biomarker such as aggregation of alpha synuclein and this is crucial in reducing the burden of Parkinson’s disease and to be able to detect the disease at the earlier stage. Finding the inconsistent aggregation of alpha-synuclein is a promising method for the early detection of Parkinson’s disease. Using conventional photographic process, aluminium interdigitated electrodes (ALIDEs) have been fabricated and employed with sensitive electrochemical strategy for the specific detection of the Parkinson’s disease antigen (alpha synuclein). The microelectrode was developed based on aluminium electrode sputtered on silicon substrate. Further, zinc oxide (ZnO) was deposited by sputtering on the working electrode of the ALIDEs using a spin-coating method. The ZnO nanocomposite onto aluminium microelectrode surface provides a favourable platform for efficient loading of antibody via binding with antigen alpha synuclein. The effective loading of the biomolecules (antibody and antigen) on the ZnO nanocomposite surface modified aluminium microelectrode was observed by SEM, AFM and 3D Profilometer. The current flow for each concentration of alpha synuclein was observed at 7.5×10−6 A (10 fM), 8.8×10−6 A (100 fM), and 8.5×10−6 A (1 pM) respectively.

scholarly journals Prediction of depression and anxiety via patient-assessed tremor severity, not physician-reported motor symptom severity, in patients with Parkinson’s disease or essential tremor who have undergone deep brain stimulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 1562-1571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Achey ◽  
Erin Yamamoto ◽  
Daniel Sexton ◽  
Christine Hammer ◽  
Bryan S. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Deep Brain

OBJECTIVEDeep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective therapy for movement disorders such as idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET). However, some patients who demonstrate benefit on objective motor function tests do not experience postoperative improvement in depression or anxiety, 2 important components of quality of life (QOL). Thus, to examine other possible explanations for the lack of a post-DBS correlation between improved objective motor function and decreased depression or anxiety, the authors investigated whether patient perceptions of motor symptom severity might contribute to disease-associated depression and anxiety.METHODSThe authors performed a retrospective chart review of PD and ET patients who had undergone DBS at the Cleveland Clinic in the period from 2009 to 2013. Patient demographics, diagnosis (PD, ET), motor symptom severity, and QOL measures (Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9] for depression, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale [GAD-7], and patient-assessed tremor scores) were collected at 4 time points: preoperatively, postoperatively, 1-year follow-up, and 2-year follow-up. Multivariable prediction models with solutions for fixed effects were constructed to assess the correlation of predictor variables with PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores. Predictor variables included age, sex, visit time, diagnosis (PD vs ET), patient-assessed tremor, physician-reported tremor, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III (UPDRS-III) score, and patient-assessed tremor over time.RESULTSSeventy PD patients and 17 ET patients were included in this analysis. Mean postoperative and 1-year follow-up UPDRS-III and physician-reported tremor scores were significantly decreased compared with preoperative scores (p < 0.0001). Two-year follow-up physician-reported tremor was also significantly decreased from preoperative scores (p < 0.0001). Only a diagnosis of PD (p = 0.0047) and the patient-assessed tremor rating (p < 0.0001) were significantly predictive of depression. A greater time since surgery, in general, significantly decreased anxiety scores (p < 0.0001) except when a worsening of patient-assessed tremor was reported over the same time period (p < 0.0013).CONCLUSIONSPatient-assessed tremor severity alone was predictive of depression in PD and ET following DBS. This finding suggests that a patient’s perception of illness plays a greater role in depression than objective physical disability regardless of the time since surgical intervention. In addition, while anxiety may be attenuated by DBS, patient-assessed return of tremor over time can increase anxiety, highlighting the importance of long-term follow-up for behavioral health features in chronic neurological disorders. Together, these data suggest that the patient experience of motor symptoms plays a role in depression and anxiety—a finding that warrants consideration when evaluating, treating, and following movement disorder patients who are candidates for DBS.

scholarly journals Predicting Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease with Measures of Striatal Dopaminergic Deficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Bishnoi ◽  
Marina C. Badir ◽  
Sandarsh Surya ◽  
Nagy A. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dopamine Transporter ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Dopamine Transporters ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Over Time

Background: The role of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons degeneration is well established in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease. However, it is unclear if and how the degeneration of the dopamine pathways affects the manifestation of the neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging, a technique to measure the reduction in dopamine transporters is increasingly used as a tool in the diagnosis of PD. Methods: In this study, we examine if the baseline dopamine transporter density in the striatum measured by the striatal binding ratio (SBR) is associated with the longitudinal onset and/or pro- gression of NPS in PD as measured by part 1 of Movement Disorder Society - Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, over four years. Data of patients with PD and an abnormal screening present on 123I-ioflupane single-proton emission computed tomography were obtained from Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database. Latent Growth Modeling (LGM), a statistical tech- nique that can model the change over time while considering the variability in the rate of change at the individual level, was used to examine the progression of NPS over time. Results: The results indicate the SBR did not correlate with the baseline NPS but did correlate with the rate of change of NPS (p<0.001) over the next four years, even after eliminating age-related variance, which can be a significant confounding factor. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study showed gradual worsening in NPS in patients with Parkinson’s disease, which inversely correlates with the density of the dopamine transporters as measured by SBR at baseline.

scholarly journals Glucocerebrosidase Activity is Reduced in Cryopreserved Parkinson’s Disease Patient Monocytes and Inversely Correlates with Motor Severity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Laura P. Hughes ◽  
Marilia M.M. Pereira ◽  
Deborah A. Hammond ◽  
John B. Kwok ◽  
Glenda M. Halliday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Disease Patient ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes ◽  
Classical Monocytes

Background: Reduced activity of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase is found in brain tissue from Parkinson’s disease patients. Glucocerebrosidase is also highly expressed in peripheral blood monocytes where its activity is decreased in Parkinson’s disease patients, even in the absence of GBA mutation. Objective: To measure glucocerebrosidase activity in cryopreserved peripheral blood monocytes from 30 Parkinson’s disease patients and 30 matched controls and identify any clinical correlation with disease severity. Methods: Flow cytometry was used to measure lysosomal glucocerebrosidase activity in total, classical, intermediate, and non-classical monocytes. All participants underwent neurological examination and motor severity was assessed by the Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale. Results: Glucocerebrosidase activity was significantly reduced in the total and classical monocyte populations from the Parkinson’s disease patients compared to controls. GCase activity in classical monocytes was inversely correlated to motor symptom severity. Conclusion: Significant differences in monocyte glucocerebrosidase activity can be detected in Parkinson’s disease patients using cryopreserved mononuclear cells and monocyte GCase activity correlated with motor features of disease. Being able to use cryopreserved cells will facilitate the larger multi-site trials needed to validate monocyte GCase activity as a Parkinson’s disease biomarker.

Pursuing Multiple Biomarkers for Early Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yareth Gopar-Cuevas ◽  
Ana P. Duarte-Jurado ◽  
Rosa N. Diaz-Perez ◽  
Odila Saucedo-Cardenas ◽  
Maria J. Loera-Arias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Idiopathic Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Multiple Biomarkers

scholarly journals Holistic Metabolomic Laboratory-Developed Test (LDT): Development and Use for the Diagnosis of Early-Stage Parkinson’s Disease

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Petr G. Lokhov ◽  
Dmitry L. Maslov ◽  
Steven Lichtenberg ◽  
Oxana P. Trifonova ◽  
Elena E. Balashova
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Compounds

A laboratory-developed test (LDT) is a type of in vitro diagnostic test that is developed and used within a single laboratory. The holistic metabolomic LDT integrating the currently available data on human metabolic pathways, changes in the concentrations of low-molecular-weight compounds in the human blood during diseases and other conditions, and their prevalent location in the body was developed. That is, the LDT uses all of the accumulated metabolic data relevant for disease diagnosis and high-resolution mass spectrometry with data processing by in-house software. In this study, the LDT was applied to diagnose early-stage Parkinson’s disease (PD), which currently lacks available laboratory tests. The use of the LDT for blood plasma samples confirmed its ability for such diagnostics with 73% accuracy. The diagnosis was based on relevant data, such as the detection of overrepresented metabolite sets associated with PD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, the ability of the LDT to detect normal composition of low-molecular-weight compounds in blood was demonstrated, thus providing a definition of healthy at the molecular level. This LDT approach as a screening tool can be used for the further widespread testing for other diseases, since ‘omics’ tests, to which the metabolomic LDT belongs, cover a variety of them.

scholarly journals Life with Parkinson’s Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Pressure Is “OFF”

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Trine HØrmann Thomsen ◽  
Susanna M. Wallerstedt ◽  
Kristian Winge ◽  
Filip Bergquist
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Symptom Scores ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Swedish Cohort

People with Parkinson’s disease (PwP) have been suggested to be more vulnerable to negative psychological and psycho-social effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our aim was to assess the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in PwP. A Danish/Swedish cohort of 67 PwP was analysed. Health-related quality of life (HRQL), depression, anxiety, apathy, sleep and motor symptom-scores were included in the analysis. Additionally, the Danish participants provided free-text descriptions of life during the pandemic. Overall, the participants reported significantly better HRQL during the COVID-19 period compared with before. Reduced social pressure may be part of the explanation. Despite worsened anxiety, night sleep improved.

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