scholarly journals Regenerative Polarity of the Fin Ray in Zebrafish Caudal Fin and Related Tissue Formation on the Cut Surface

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Wataru Nakajima ◽  
Soya Nakanishi ◽  
Ryosuke Hosoya ◽  
Toshiaki Uemoto ◽  
Shiro Ohgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Distal Margin ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Proximal Margin ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Apical Side ◽  
Fin Ray ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Ability To Regenerate ◽  
Distal Edge

Zebrafish caudal fin rays are used as a model system for regeneration because of their high regenerative ability, but studies on the regeneration polarity of the fin ray are limited. To investigate this regeneration polarity, we made a hole to excise part of the fin ray and analyzed the regeneration process. We confirmed that the fin rays always regenerated from the proximal margin toward the distal margin, as previously reported; however, regeneration-related genes were expressed at both the proximal and distal edges of the hole in the early stage of regeneration, suggesting that the regenerative response also occurs at the distal edge. One difference between the proximal and distal margins is a sheet-like tissue that is formed on the apical side of the regenerated tissue at the proximal margin. This sheet-like tissue was not observed at the distal edge. To investigate whether the distal margin was also capable of forming this sheet-like tissue and subsequent regeneration, we kept the distal margin separated from the proximal margin by manipulation. Consequently, the sheet-like tissue was formed at the distal margin and regeneration of the fin ray was also induced. The regenerated fin rays from the distal margin protruded laterally from the caudal fin and then bent distally, and their ends showed the same characteristics as those of the normal fin rays. These results suggest that fin rays have an ability to regenerate in both directions; however, under normal conditions, regeneration is restricted to the proximal margin because the sheet-like tissue is preferentially formed on the apical side of the regenerating tissue from the proximal margin.

A new species of Schindler's fish (Teleostei: Gobiidae: Schindleria) from the Malay Archipelago (Southeast Asia), with notes on the caudal fin complex of Schindleria

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4531 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
HARALD AHNELT ◽  
MICHAEL SAUBERER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Body Depth ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Gobiid Fish ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Malay Archipelago ◽  
Fin Ray ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Radial Plate

Schindleria macrodentata sp. nov., a new species of the paedomorphic gobiid fish genus Schindleria, is described from the Malay Archipelago. The two specimens were collected in 1929 during the “Dana Expedition” in the Molucca Sea between Sulawesi and Halmahera islands (00°29′N, 125°54′E) (Indonesia) and in the Sulu Sea close to Panay Island (11°43’N, 121°43′E) (Philippines). The new species is characterized by a slender body (body depth at pectoral fin base 3.6–3.7 % of SL and at anal fin origin 3.9–4.8 % of SL), a long second dorsal fin (first dorsal fin absent) originating distinctly anterior to the origin of the anal fin (predorsal length 61.8–65.2 % of SL and preanal length 71.7–75.8 % of SL), a short tail (from anus to tip of longest caudal fin ray) (22.1 % of SL), 19–20 dorsal fin rays and 10 anal fin rays, first anal fin ray below 9th dorsal fin ray, few large, widely spaced teeth in the upper and the lower jaws (7 on the premaxilla and 6 on the dentary), an elongated pectoral radial plate (length 3.7–4.5 % of SL) and, in the caudal skeleton, a procurrent ray with an additional spiny process at its base. No distinct urogenital papilla and no pigmentation on body are developed. In this study we present three morphological traits until now not considered as diagnostic characters for Schindleria, the shape of the pectoral radial plate, the shape of the last procurrent caudal spine and the shape of the arch formed by the lower jaw. We also discuss the caudal-fin skeleton of Schindleria, a character developing beyond the larval stages. The record of S. macrodentata is the first of the genus Schindleria for Indonesia and, at more than 100 km distant to the next shore, it is the first offshore record of a Schindler's fish. 

scholarly journals A new miniature of Xenurobryconini (Characiformes: Characidae) from the rio Tapajós basin, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Barreira Mendonça ◽  
Luiz Antônio Wanderley Peixoto ◽  
Guilherme Moreira Dutra ◽  
André Luiz Netto-Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Posterior Half ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Fin Ray ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Dark Color ◽  
Adipose Fin ◽  
A New Species

Abstract A new species of Xenurobrycon isdescribed from tributaries of the rio Tapajós, Pará, Brazil. It is diagnosed from all congeners by the dark color of the posterior half of both caudal-fin lobes, the presence of infraorbitals one, two, and three, the presence of a set of lamellar processes on eighth principal caudal-fin ray of mature males, the presence of bony hooks similar in size or decreasing posteriorly on last unbranched and first 9-12 branched anal-fin rays of mature males, the presence of only conical teeth on both jaws, the lack of the adipose fin and the presence of 15-18 predorsal scales. The description of the new species increases the number of species in Xenurobrycon to six. An updated key to the species of the genus is provided.

A new phreatic catfish of the genus Phreatobius Goeldi 1905 from groundwaters of the Iténez River, Bolivia (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1626 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIS FERNANDEZ ◽  
LISANDRO J. SAUCEDO ◽  
FERNANDO M. CARVAJAL-VALLEJOS ◽  
SCOTT A. SCHAEFER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
River Basin ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Amazon River ◽  
Neural Spine ◽  
Amazon River Basin ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Fin Ray ◽  
Fin Rays

Phreatobius sanguijuela, new species, is described from an artificial well located within the Río Paraguá drainage, a tributary of the Río Iténez, Bolivia. The new species is distinguished from its sole congener, P. cisternarum, by the absence of eyes, presence of 25–34 (versus 42–50) dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays, 14–16 (versus 22–26) ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays, and 45–46 (versus 54–59) vertebrae. Both Phreatobius species are phreatic and known only from artificial wells penetrating near-surface aquifers of the Amazon River basin. Material of the new species represents the first records of Phreatobius from the upper Amazon, some 2000 km from reported locations of P. cisternarum near the Amazon River mouth. Phreatobius can be readily distinguished among siluriforms by the following combination of characters: dorsal and ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays extended rostrally, continuous with anal fin ventrally; caudal fin round; anal-fin rays unbranched; mouth prognathous, with jaws displaced dorsally on head; adductor mandibulae muscle hypertrophied, covering most of skull and posteriorly inserting onto first neural spine; first pectoral-fin ray soft, not spinous; bright red in life. This species is under severe threat from overexploitation by local people, who routinely capture and destroy it on the presumption that it represents a dangerous parasite.

New species of Trichomycterus (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from the High Andean Plateau of Argentina

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4504 (3) ◽  
pp. 359 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIS FERNÁNDEZ ◽  
JULIETA ANDREOLI BIZE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Distal Margin ◽  
Pectoral Fin ◽  
Caudal Peduncle ◽  
Sensory Canal ◽  
Caudal Vertebrae ◽  
Fin Ray ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Small Tributary ◽  
Pelvic Fin

Trichomycterus varii new species, is described from a small tributary of the High Andean Plateau Region, Jujuy, Argentina. The new species is distinguished from other species of Trichomycterus by the following characters: the caudal peduncle expanded in the area of procurrent caudal-fin rays, distal tip of pelvic fin not reaching the anus when depressed, the presence of fronto-lachrymal tendon bone without lateral process, the first pectoral-fin ray terminating at the margin of the fin, the distal margin of pectoral-fin rounded, seven pectoral fin rays, 15–19 interopercular odontodes, the supraorbital sensory canal with the presence of pore s3, the infraorbital sensory canal segment with the presence of pores i1 and i3, the laterosensory canal of trunk with three sensory pores, 16 pairs of ribs, 11 precaudal vertebrae, and 25 caudal vertebrae. It closely resembles T. yuska and T. pseudosilvinichthys from northwestern Argentina and western Bolivia, but differs in head canal sensory pattern. 

scholarly journals Gephyrocharax torresi (Characiformes: Characidae: Stevardiinae), a new species from the río Cascajales basin, río Magdalena system, Colombia

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Anyelo Vanegas-Ríos ◽  
María de las Mercedes Azpelicueta ◽  
Juan Marcos Mirande ◽  
María Dolly García Gonzales
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pectoral Fin ◽  
Caudal Peduncle ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Fin Ray ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Adipose Fin ◽  
Black Pigmentation ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Gephyrocharax is described from the río Cascajales basin, a tributary of the río La Colorada, río Magdalena system, Colombia. The new species is distinguished from its congeners, exceptG. melanocheir, by the absence of an adipose fin in most specimens and by the possession of a lateral branched pectoral-fin ray in males with a distal fan-shaped structure with minute bony hooks and a dark blotch or a few scattered dark brown chromatophores along its branches. The new species differs from G.melanocheir by the absence of an intense black pigmentation at the base of the anterior five dorsal-fin rays, the number of vertebrae (40-41vs. 38-39), the frontals contacting each other anterior to the epiphyseal bar in adults (vs. the absence of contact), the posterior margin of the mesethmoid straight in its central portion (vs. strongly concave at this point), the pouch scale of mature males reaching caudal-fin ray 11 or the area between caudal-fin rays 11 and 12 (vs. reaching only to caudal-fin ray 10 or the area between caudal-fin rays 9 and 10), the number of minute terminal branches of the lateral branched pectoral-fin ray of mature males (60-88 vs. 28-54), a longer black lateral stripe along the body in males (reaching to the base of the caudal-fin rays vs. reaching the middle of the length of the caudal peduncle), and the snout length (28.3-31.8% HLvs. 22.2-28.0% HL). The diagnosis ofGephyrocharax is modified to include species with the adipose fin variably present

scholarly journals A new species of Hemibrycon (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae) from the río Ucayali drainage, Sierra del Divisor, Peru

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicius A. Bertaco ◽  
Luiz R. Malabarba ◽  
Max Hidalgo ◽  
Hernán Ortega
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Lower Half ◽  
Caudal Peduncle ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Fin Ray ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Black Band ◽  
A New Species

A new characid species, Hemibrycon divisorensis, is described from the río Ucayali drainage, Loreto, Peru. The new species is distinguished from all Hemibrycon species by the presence of a wide black asymmetrical spot covering base of caudal-fin rays and extending along entire length of caudal-fin rays 9 to 12-13 (except from H. surinamensis), and a black band in the lower half of the caudal peduncle extending from the region above the last anal-fin rays to the caudal-fin base. Furthermore, it is distinguished from most species of the genus by the number of scale rows below the lateral line (4-5 vs 5-9), except H. jabonero, H. microformaa, H. orcesi, and H. surinamensis. It differs from these species by scale and fin ray counts and color pattern. The lack of a supraorbital in Hemibrycon species is discussed and confirmed.

Identification of larval and juvenile Canadian Atlantic gadoids with comments on the systematics of gadid subfamilies

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 3420-3438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas F. Markle
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Morphological Similarity ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Caudal Skeleton ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Fin Ray ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Primitive State ◽  
Additional Support

An attempt to identify larvae and juveniles of Gaidropsarus led to a broader survey of gadoid morphology. Representative specimens of all gadoid families and all Canadian Atlantic gadid species were examined for selected morphological characters. The polarity of these character states was examined using a cladistic approach and led to the conclusion that the gadids are composed of three groups, recognized herein as subfamilies: Gadinae, Lotinae, and Phycinae. The most informative structure examined was the caudal skeleton, which showed three characters with an obvious primitive state in some gadids: presence of X and Y bones, 6 "primary" caudal fin rays, and low (<40) total caudal fin ray counts. Dorsal fin structure, which has been the basis of previous gadid systematic arrangements, is also shown to be informative, providing good evidence of relationship within gadines and phycines. The proposed groupings receive some additional support in the gross morphological similarity of their larvae.

scholarly journals Redescription of Astyanax goyacensis Eigenmann, 1908 (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valdener Garutti ◽  
Francisco Langeani
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Caudal Peduncle ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Black Stripe ◽  
Conspicuous Feature ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Shape Pattern ◽  
Eye Diameter

Astyanax goyacensis Eigenmann, 1908 is redescribed based on the holotype and 25 topotypes. The species belongs to the A. bimaculatus species complex, sharing with those species a black, horizontally ovate, humeral spot (the most conspicuous feature of this complex), two diffuse vertical brown bars in the humeral area (the first through humeral spot and the second 2-3 scales behind), and black medium caudal-fin rays. Furthermore, A. goyacensis possesses a black stripe extending along midlateral body portion, more conspicuous in alcohol preserved specimens. These characteristics allow its inclusion in the putative "black lateral stripe" sub-group of A. bimaculatus species complex. From the species of this complex it differs by the black lateral stripe shape, pattern of chromatophores on the flank, coloration of the caudal fin, scales on the lateral line, branched rays on anal fin, eye diameter, and caudal peduncle depth. Comments about the color pattern in Astyanax bimaculatus species complex are added.

scholarly journals Resurrection of the genus Homalopteroides (Teleostei: Balitoridae) with a redescription of H. modestus (Vinciguerra 1890)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3586 (1) ◽  
pp. 329 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZACHARY S. RANDALL ◽  
LAWRENCE M. PAGE
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Head Length ◽  
Pectoral Fin ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Interorbital Width ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Orbital Rim ◽  
Pectoral Fin Rays ◽  
Pelvic Fin

The genus Homalopteroides Fowler 1905 is resurrected and distinguished from the genus Homaloptera van Hasselt 1823based on a combination of characters including a unique mouth morphology, dorsal-fin origin over pelvic fin,≤60 lateral-line scales, and≤30 predorsal scales. Species included in Homalopteroides are H. wassinkii (Bleeker 1853), H. modestus(Vinciguerra 1890), H. rupicola (Prashad & Mukerji 1929), H. smithi (Hora 1932), H. stephensoni (Hora 1932), H. weberi(Hora 1932), H. tweediei (Herre 1940), H. indochinensis (Silas 1953), H. nebulosus (Alfred 1969), H. yuwonoi (Kottelat1998), and possibly H. manipurensis (Arunkumar 1999). Homalopteroides modestus (Vinciguerra 1890) is a poorlyknown species that was originally described from the Meekalan and Meetan rivers of southern Myanmar. It occurs in theSalween, Mae Khlong, and Tenasserim basins, and can be distinguished from all other species of Homalopteroides by thecombination of caudal-fin pattern (black proximal and distal bars, median blotch), 15 pectoral-fin rays, pectoral-fin lengthgreater than head length, 5½–6½ scales above and 5–6 scales below the lateral line (to the pelvic fin), 39–44 total lateral-line pores, no axillary pelvic-fin lobe, pelvic fin not reaching anus, orbital length less than interorbital width in adult, and maxillary barbel reaching to or slightly past the anterior orbital rim.

Pore Geometry Regulates Early Stage Human Bone Marrow Cell Tissue Formation and Organisation

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 917-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Knychala ◽  
N. Bouropoulos ◽  
C. J. Catt ◽  
O. L. Katsamenis ◽  
C. P. Please ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Cell ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Marrow Cell ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Human Bone Marrow ◽  
Pore Geometry ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Human Bone Marrow Cell
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