scholarly journals Role of Chondrocytes in Cartilage Formation, Progression of Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Regeneration

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemanth Akkiraju ◽  
Anja Nohe
Keyword(s):  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Cartilage Formation ◽  
And Cartilage

scholarly journals The Nature and Role of Periosteum in Bone and Cartilage Regeneration

2011 ◽  
Vol 194 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 320-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seika Matsushima ◽  
Noritaka Isogai ◽  
Robin Jacquet ◽  
Elizabeth Lowder ◽  
Taku Tokui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
And Cartilage

scholarly journals The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Osteoarthritis

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4987
Author(s):  
Jianjing Lin ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Jianhao Lin ◽  
Qiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Cell Pretreatment ◽  
Cell Sources ◽  
And Cartilage

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that affects the entire joint and has been a tremendous burden on the health care system worldwide. Although cell therapy has made significant progress in the treatment of OA and cartilage regeneration, there are still a series of problems. Recently, more and more evidence shows that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in the progression and treatment of OA. Here, we discuss that EVs from different cell sources not only participate in OA progression, but can also be used as effective tools for the diagnosis and treatment of OA. In addition, cell pretreatment strategies and EV tissue engineering play an increasingly prominent role in the field of OA treatment. This article will systematically review the latest developments in these areas. As stated above, it may provide new insights for improving OA and cartilage regeneration.

Cleft Lip Rhinoplasty: The Role of Bone and Cartilage Grafts

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Ortiz Monasterio ◽  
Ernesto J. Ruas
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cartilage Grafts ◽  
And Cartilage

scholarly journals A Case Report of Spindle Cell Carcinoma with Osteoid and Cartilage Formation in the Tongue

Reports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Sawako Ono ◽  
Takuma Makino ◽  
Hiroyuki Yanai ◽  
Hotaka Kawai ◽  
Kiyofumi Takabatake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Spindle Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cartilage Formation ◽  
And Cartilage

Spindle cell carcinoma (SCSCC) with osteoid and/or cartilage formation in the head and neck is rare; only one case was reported in the tongue. Herein, we report an SCSCC with osteoid and cartilage formation of the tongue developed in an 85-year-old man, and then review the report.

scholarly journals The Role of Selected Signaling Pathways and Transcription Factors in Chondrogenesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Ayariga
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Transcriptional Factors ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Cartilage Formation ◽  
Cartilage Development ◽  
Spatio Temporal

During cartilage development, the lineage commitment and condensation of stem cells into chondrocytes and their differentiation involves a ubiquitous signaling cascades and huge numbers of transcriptional factors. The kinetic requirements and the stoichiometry for the expression of key transcriptional factors are relevant and must be met to form proper and functionally competent cartilage tissue. More interestingly also, an exact and precise spatio-temporal distribution of these molecules are as necessary in the proper tissue morphogenesis and patterning as the relevant physical conditions and micro environmental forces playing at the background during embryogenesis. A milestone of experimental achievements has been obtained over the years on several signaling pathways involved in cartilage development. Several fate determining transcriptional factors has also been investigated and determined with regards to the transition of stem cells (pluripotent, embryonic, etc.) into chondrocytes. These transcriptional factors serve as master controllers in chondrocytes proliferation and hypertrophy. Concerns that variability in signaling and transcriptional factors have detrimental effect on cartilage formation and could potentiate most cartilage related diseases have led most scientists to investigate the role of signaling molecules and transcriptional factors implicated in osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and other cartilage degenerative diseases. On bases of spatio-temporal distribution of transcriptional factors, there exist functional overlaps, hence, it is difficult to draw a hard line of demarcation of roles at each point of the cell’s life, nonetheless, it is also markedly established that some factors are skewed to the chondrocyte’ survival and proliferation, and others known for their master’s role in the cell’s apoptotic, necrotic and senescence. Here we review some published works on selected signaling pathways and transcriptional factors that are preferentially expressed in chondrogenic cells and their role as major players in cartilage formation, cartilage diseases, along with some highlights of unique signaling molecules that are indispensable in cartilage tissue regeneration and management.

scholarly journals Prostaglandins and Rheumatoid Arthritis

Arthritis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Fattahi ◽  
Abbas Mirshafiey
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cartilage Destruction ◽  
Heterogeneous Population ◽  
Therapeutic Protocol ◽  
Site Of Action ◽  
And Cartilage ◽  
Homeostatic Mechanisms

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune, and complex inflammatory disease leading to bone and cartilage destruction, whose cause remains obscure. Accumulation of genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, and dysregulated immune responses are necessary for mounting this self-reacting disease. Inflamed joints are infiltrated by a heterogeneous population of cellular and soluble mediators of the immune system, such as T cells, B cells, macrophages, cytokines, and prostaglandins (PGs). Prostaglandins are lipid inflammatory mediators derived from the arachidonic acid by multienzymatic reactions. They both sustain homeostatic mechanisms and mediate pathogenic processes, including the inflammatory reaction. They play both beneficial and harmful roles during inflammation, according to their site of action and the etiology of the inflammatory response. With respect to the role of PGs in inflammation, they can be effective mediators in the pathophysiology of RA. Thus the use of agonists or antagonists of PG receptors may be considered as a new therapeutic protocol in RA. In this paper, we try to elucidate the role of PGs in the immunopathology of RA.

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