scholarly journals Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Recent Contributions to Engineering and Medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Dorel Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Chemical Separation ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Numerous Application ◽  
Separation Element ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is a thermoplastic synthetic polymer, which, unlike many synthetic polymers, is not obtained by polymerization, but by hydrolysis of poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc). Due to the presence of hydroxylic groups, hydrophilic polymers such as PVA and its composites made mainly with biopolymers are used for producing hydrogels that possess interesting morphological and physico-mechanical features. PVA hydrogels and other PVA composites are studied in light of their numerous application for electrical film membranes for chemical separation, element and dye removal, adsorption of metal ions, fuel cells, and packaging. Aside from applications in the engineering field, PVA, like other synthetic polymers, has applications in medicine and biological areas and has become one of the principal objectives of the researchers in the polymer domain. The review presents a few recent applications of PVA composites and contributions related to tissue engineering (repair and regeneration), drug carriers, and wound healing.

The Synthesis of High Molecular Weight Partially Hydrolysed Poly(vinyl alcohol) Grades Suitable for Nanoparticle Fabrication

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 5739-5747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasminder Chana ◽  
Ben Forbes ◽  
Stuart Allen Jones
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Partial Hydrolysis ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Manufacture Process ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is a highly versatile synthetic polymer that is formed by full or partial hydrolysis of poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc). A wide range of PVA partially hydrolysed grades are commercially available, but the amphiphilic grades of the polymer (30–60% hydrolysis), which probably the most interesting in terms of drug delivery, are not readily available. As a consequence few studies have assessed the application of low hydrolysis PVA polymers to form nanocarriers. The aims of this study were to synthesise amphiphilic grades of PVA on a laboratory scale, analyse their chemical properties and determine whether these grades could be used to form nanoparticles. PVA 30%, PVA 40%, PVA 50% and PVA 60% were synthesised via direct saponification of PVAc. All grades of PVA synthesised had degrees of hydrolysis close to those predicted from the stoichiometry of the saponification reaction. The PVA grades displayed <1.5% batch to batch variability (n = 3) in terms of percentage hydrolysis, demonstrating the manufacture process was both reproducible and predictable. Analysis of the polymer characteristics using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and differential scanning calorimetry revealed that all PVA grades contained block distributions (i.e., η < 1) of vinyl alcohol monomers (η ranged from 0.33–0.45) with a high probability of adjacency calculated for the hydroxylated units (POH ranged 0.926–0.931). All the grades of PVA formed nanoparticles using a precipitation technique with a trend towards smaller particle size with increasing degree of PVA hydrolysis; PVA 30% resulted in significantly larger nanoparticles (225 nm) compared to PVA 40–60% (137–174 nm).

scholarly journals Bioprinting Via a Dual-Gel Bioink Based on Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) and Solubilized Extracellular Matrix towards Cartilage Engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 3901
Author(s):  
Mohsen Setayeshmehr ◽  
Shahzad Hafeez ◽  
Clemens van Blitterswijk ◽  
Lorenzo Moroni ◽  
Carlos Mota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Compression Modulus ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Light Curing ◽  
Shape Retention ◽  
Amine Groups

Various hydrogel systems have been developed as biomaterial inks for bioprinting, including natural and synthetic polymers. However, the available biomaterial inks, which allow printability, cell viability, and user-defined customization, remains limited. Incorporation of biological extracellular matrix materials into tunable synthetic polymers can merge the benefits of both systems towards versatile materials for biofabrication. The aim of this study was to develop novel, cell compatible dual-component biomaterial inks and bioinks based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and solubilized decellularized cartilage matrix (SDCM) hydrogels that can be utilized for cartilage bioprinting. In a first approach, PVA was modified with amine groups (PVA-A), and mixed with SDCM. The printability of the PVA-A/SDCM formulations cross-linked by genipin was evaluated. On the second approach, the PVA was functionalized with cis-5-norbornene-endo-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride (PVA-Nb) to allow an ultrafast light-curing thiol-ene cross-linking. Comprehensive experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of the SDCM ratio in mechanical properties, water uptake, swelling, cell viability, and printability of the PVA-based formulations. The studies performed with the PVA-A/SDCM formulations cross-linked by genipin showed printability, but poor shape retention due to slow cross-linking kinetics. On the other hand, the PVA-Nb/SDCM showed good printability. The results showed that incorporation of SDCM into PVA-Nb reduces the compression modulus, enhance cell viability, and bioprintability and modulate the swelling ratio of the resulted hydrogels. Results indicated that PVA-Nb hydrogels containing SDCM could be considered as versatile bioinks for cartilage bioprinting.

Synthesis and hydrolysis of poly(vinyl acetals) derived from poly(vinyl alcohol) and 2,6-dichlorobenzaldehyde

1983 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etienne Schacht ◽  
Guido Desmarets ◽  
Eric Goethals ◽  
Thomas St. Pierre
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Vinyl Acetals ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Effects of SiO2 and In Situ Crosslinking on the Swelling and Thermal Properties of Poly(vinyl Alcohol)/SiO2 Hybrid Films

2011 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 180-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Liu ◽  
Ke Yong Tang
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Sio2 Film ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Swelling Ratio ◽  
Hybrid Films ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
In Situ Crosslinking ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/SiO2 hybrid films were prepared through hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in the presence of PVA solution, followed by the in-situ crosslinking with formaldehyde (HCHO) in acidic circumstance. The swelling and thermal gravimetric (TG) analysis was employed to evaluate the influence of SiO2 and crosslinking on the properties of the hybrid films. The results indicate that SiO2 affects effectively the swelling property and thermal stability of the hybrid films because of both the filling and crosslinking effects of SiO2. With increasing the crosslinking time, the swelling ratio at equilibrium of the hybrid films decreases. The swelling ratio at equilibrium of the hybrid films is sensitive to the SiO2 content, which is similar to the swelling ratio at equilibrium (65~75%) for PVA and PVA/SiO2 hybrid films with enough crosslinking time (12h). Compared to the film without in-situ crosslinking, the crosslinked PVA/SiO2 film showed a lower swelling ratio at equilibrium and an increased diffusion coefficient at the initial stage of swelling.

Hydrolysis of sucrose in the presence of partially sulfonated poly(vinyl alcohol)

1986 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 533-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuji Matsuzawa ◽  
Kazuo Yamaura ◽  
Kohji Yamamoto ◽  
Toyomi Katoh ◽  
Shinobu Kawaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Sulfonated Poly
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