scholarly journals Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Self-Assembled Kaolin-Doped Starch-Based Environment-Friendly Nanocomposite Films

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Md. Ashaduzzaman ◽  
Dipti Saha ◽  
Mohammad Mamunur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Self Assembled

Environment-friendly advanced materials are promising candidates for the engineering of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Here, starch–kaolin self-assembled nanocomposite films were prepared using potato starch and an indigenous layered material, kaolin. The films consist of kaolin and the matrix, which were prepared by the disruption and plasticization of starch granules with water and glycerol. Self-assembled nanocomposite films with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% w/w of kaolin were fabricated by casting and evaporating the mixture from homogeneous aqueous suspension at 95 °C. The thickness of the film—about 200 μm—was controlled by a predesigned glass frame. The resulting films were conditioned before testing, and the effect of accelerated aging in a moist atmosphere was investigated. The films were characterized using attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy for the interaction of moieties via function groups, X-ray diffraction (XRD) for crystallinity change, universal testing machine (UTM) for tensile strength Young’s modulus and elongation at break investigation. The thermal stability of the films using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the effect of temperature on contraction behaviors using thermal mechanical analysis (TMA) were carried out. The distribution of kaolin into the matrix and morphology of the self-assembled nanocomposite films were observed from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Developed nanocomposite materials from an indigenous source would play a vital role in the field of food packaging industries in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Structural Nanocomposite Fabrication from Self-Assembled Choline Chloride Modified Kaolinite into Poly(Methylmethacrylate)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipti Saha ◽  
Mithun Kumar Majumdar ◽  
Ajoy Kumar Das ◽  
A.M. Sarwaruddin Chowdhury ◽  
Md. Ashaduzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Pmma Film ◽  
Nanoscale Particles ◽  
Self Assembled

Composite materials produced from indigenous nanoscale particles and synthetic polymers have created demand in the field of nanoscience and technology. Layered silicates are potential candidates for reinforcing the properties of composites. Here, we report the fabrication of nanocomposites using poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) as the matrix and the Bijoypur clay of Bangladesh known as kaolinite (200–250 nm) as the filler via solution casting. Kaolinite was first modified using choline chloride to prepare core-shell particles through a precipitation technique and was used for self-assembled nanocomposite films preparation. A series of nanocomposites films using 0, 1, 3, 5 and 10% (w/w) modified kaolinite was prepared. The neat PMMA and nanocomposite films were characterized by attenuated total reflection infra-red (ATR-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The mechanical properties, thermal stability, and morphology of the films were investigated using a universal testing machine (UTM), a thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA), and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The nanocomposite films exhibited better mechanical properties and thermal stability than neat PMMA film. Development of such structural nanocomposite materials using naturally occurring nanoscale particles would play a crucial role in the field of materials science for packaging applications and separation technology.

Physicochemical properties of starch nanocomposite films enhanced by self-assembled potato starch nanoparticles

LWT ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suisui Jiang ◽  
Chengzhen Liu ◽  
Xiaojin Wang ◽  
Liu Xiong ◽  
Qingjie Sun
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Starch Nanoparticles ◽  
Self Assembled

scholarly journals Release of Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes from Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid) Films during Degradation and Combustion: Risk Associated with the End-of-Life of Nanocomposite Food Packaging Materials

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Kotsilkov ◽  
Evgeni Ivanov ◽  
Nikolay Vitanov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Qualitative Risk Assessment ◽  
The Matrix

Nanoparticles of graphene and carbon nanotubes are attractive materials for the improvement of mechanical and barrier properties and for the functionality of biodegradable polymers for packaging applications. However, the increase of the manufacture and consumption increases the probability of exposure of humans and the environment to such nanomaterials; this brings up questions about the risks of nanomaterials, since they can be toxic. For a risk assessment, it is crucial to know whether airborne nanoparticles of graphene and carbon nanotubes can be released from nanocomposites into the environment at their end-life, or whether they remain embedded in the matrix. In this work, the release of graphene and carbon nanotubes from the poly(lactic) acid nanocomposite films were studied for the scenarios of: (i) biodegradation of the matrix polymer at the disposal of wastes; and (ii) combustion and fire of nanocomposite wastes. Thermogravimetric analysis in air atmosphere, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to verify the release of nanoparticles from nanocomposite films. The three factors model was applied for the quantitative and qualitative risk assessment of the release of graphene and carbon nanotubes from nanocomposite wastes for these scenarios. Safety concern is discussed in respect to the existing regulations for nanowaste stream.

EFFECT OF CALCIUM SULPHATE NANOPARTICLES ON FUSION, MECHANICAL AND THERMAL BEHAVIOUR POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC)

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 64-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. PATIL ◽  
P. S. SHISODE ◽  
U. R. KAPADI ◽  
D. G. HUNDIWALE ◽  
P. P. MAHULIKAR
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Calcium Sulphate ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
In Situ Deposition ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Internal Mixer

Calcium Sulphate [ CaSO 4] was synthesized by in-situ deposition technique and its nano size (60 to 100 nm) was confirmed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Composites of the filler CaSO 4 (micro and nano) and the matrix poly (vinyl chloride) ( PVC ) were prepared with different filler loading (0-5 wt. %) by melt mixing. The Brabender torque rheometer equipped with an internal mixer was used for preparation and evaluation of fusion behaviour of composites of different formulations. The effect of nano and micro- CaSO 4 content on the structure and properties of composites was studied. The nanostructures and dispersion were studied by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical and thermal properties of PVC / micro and nano- CaSO 4 composites were characterized using Universal Testing Machine (UTM) and Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA). From the results of WAXD and SEM the flocculation of CaSO 4 nanoparticles were observed on the surfaces of PVC matrix. The thermal analysis results showed that the first thermal degradation onset (T onset) of PVC /nano- CaSO 4 composites for 1 wt. % of filler were higher as compared with corresponding microcomposites and pristine PVC . However, the tensile strength was decreasing with increasing filler content while, it shows increment in magnitude at 1 and 2 wt. % of nano- CaSO 4 as compared with corresponding micro- CaSO 4 as well as pristine PVC .

Effect of nanoclay addition on mechanical and thermal behavior of vinyl ester based nanocomposites obtained by casting

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harun Sepet ◽  
Necmettin Tarakçıoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Nanoclay Content ◽  
Dsc Curves

This paper presents the experimental study of mechanical and thermal properties of organically modified montmorillonite clay (Nanoclay) (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 wt.%) in the vinyl ester matrix by ultrasonic stirrer. The changes in mechanical properties are investigated by using tensile and impact testing machine. It was found that the addition of nanoclay particles significantly improved tensile properties of pure vinyl ester, but impact properties of pure vinyl ester were affected negatively with the nanoclay content in the nanocomposite. It was found that the absorbed energy and impact resistance of the nanocomposites decreased with increasing the nanoclay content. DSC curves showed the glass transition temperature change in the nanoclay reinforced vinyl ester nanocomposites as compared to the pure vinyl ester. XRD analysis was performed to identify the structure of nanocomposites. SEM results showed the change in fracture surface morphology of nanoclay reinforced vinyl ester nanocomposite. Also, homogeneous distribution of nanoclays in the matrix was showed by SEM micrographs. This observation helped in identifying the morphology of the nanocaly in the vinyl ester matrix.

Starch–PVA Nanocomposite Film Incorporated with Cellulose Nanocrystals and MMT: A Comparative Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nooshin Noshirvani ◽  
Babak Ghanbarzadeh ◽  
Hadi Fasihi ◽  
Hadi Almasi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Moisture Sorption ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Nanocrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

Abstract The goal of this work was to compare the barrier, mechanical, and thermal properties of two types of starch–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposites. Sodium montmorillonite (MMT) and nanocrystalline cellulose were chosen as nanoreinforcements. X-ray diffraction (XRD) test showed well-distributed MMT in the starch–PVA matrix, possibly implying that the clay nanolayers formed an exfoliated structure. The moisture sorption, solubility and water vapor permeability (WVP) studies revealed that the addition of MMT and nanocrystalline cellulose reduced the moisture affinity of starch–PVA biocomposite. At the level of 7 % MMT, the nanocomposite films showed the highest ultimate tensile strength (UTS) (4.93 MPa) and the lowest strain to break (SB) (57.65 %). The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed an improvement in thermal properties for the starch–PVA–MMT nanocomposites, but not for the starch–PVA–NCC nanocomposites. Results of this study demonstrated that the use of MMT in the fabrication of starch–PVA nanocomposites is more favorable than that of nanocrystalline cellulose to produce a desirable biodegradable film for food packaging applications.

Simultaneous Improvement of Mechanical Properties and Thermal Stability of Polyurethane by Polyethylene Glycol Grafted Cellulose Nanocrystals

2014 ◽  
Vol 1052 ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Jun Dou ◽  
Miao Cheng ◽  
Yun Feng Qin ◽  
Long Chen ◽  
Zong Yi Qin
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Polyurethane Matrix

A study of the effect of the addition of polyethylene glycol grafted cellulose nanocrystals on the properties of a polyurethane matrix was carried out. The resulting nanocomposite films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, micro–control electronic universal testing machine and thermal gravimetric analysis. Remarkable improvements in the mechanical and thermal properties of polyurethane could be attributed to well–dispersion of nanofillers in polyurethane matrix and the formation of hydrogen bonding network within the polymer matrix.

Improvement Approach for Gas Barrier Behavior of Polymer/Clay Nanocomposite Films

MRS Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (57) ◽  
pp. 3547-3552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maedeh Dabbaghianamiri ◽  
Sayantan Das ◽  
Gary W. Beall
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Gas Barrier ◽  
Barrier Films ◽  
High Particle ◽  
Polymer Clay Nanocomposite ◽  
Self Assembled

ABSTRACTPolymer nanocomposites (PNC) include a copolymer or polymer which has nanoparticles dispersed in the polymer matrix at the nano-level. One of the most common types of polymer nanocomposites contain smectic clays as the nanoparticles. These clay minerals increase the mechanical properties of standard polymers and improve barrier properties. For optimum barrier properties, Layer-by-Layer assembly (LbL) is one of the most effective methods for depositing thin films. LbL methods however, are quite tedious and produce large quantities of waste. A newly discovered phenomenon of self-assembled polymer nanocomposites utilizes entropic forces to drive the assembly to spontaneously form a larger nanostructured film. This approach allows polymers and nanoparticles with high particle loadings to be mixed, and create the super gas barrier films. We have developed a coating technique which can be employed to make self-assembled gas barrier films via inkjet printing. This technique is industrially scalable and efficient. This is because it does not need any rinsing step and drying steps as required in LbL. The influence of different polymers Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and Poly (acrylic acid) PAA with Montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay solutions on Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate is examined to study their effectiveness as a gas barrier film. The results showing the excellent oxygen barrier behavior of a combination of PVP and MMT Nano clay nanocomposite with high transparency. These high barrier gas nanocomposite films are good candidates for a variety of food packaging applications.

Synthesis and Characterization of Bacterial Cellulose Nanocrystals and their PVA Nanocomposites

2010 ◽  
Vol 123-125 ◽  
pp. 383-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnsy George ◽  
Amarinder S. Bawa ◽  
Siddaramaiah
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Generic Class ◽  
Long Fibers

Cellulose, the most widespread biopolymer, is known to occur in a wide variety of living species from the worlds of plants and microbial sources like bacteria. Bacterial cellulose produced by Gluconacetobacter xylinus in the form of long fibers can be acid hydrolyzed under controlled conditions to obtain nanocrystals. Such nanocrystals constitute a generic class of ‘green’ nanomaterial and have attained great importance in the field of polymer nanocomposites attributed to their superior properties. However, conventional sulfuric acid hydrolysis route provides cellulose nanocrystals with inferior mechanical and thermal properties. In this study, a hydrochloric acid (HCl) assisted top down approach has been adopted to synthesize bacterial cellulose nanocrystals, which is found to retain some of the natural properties of native cellulose even in nano-dimensions. The morphological parameters were analyzed using atomic force microscopy which confirmed the formation of nanocrystals. Using these novel nanocrystals, poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposite films were prepared and characterized for elucidating their properties. The addition of nanocrystals has significantly improved the thermal stability and mechanical properties of PVA nanocomposites. Results of this study demonstrated that nanocrystals obtained by HCl have several advantages in the fabrication of high performance polymer nanocomposite films for food packaging applications.

scholarly journals The Effect of Nanofillers on the Functional Properties of Biopolymer-Based Films: A Review

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina Jamróz ◽  
Piotr Kulawik ◽  
Pavel Kopel
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Degradable Plastics

Waste from non-degradable plastics is becoming an increasingly serious problem. Therefore, more and more research focuses on the development of materials with biodegradable properties. Bio-polymers are excellent raw materials for the production of such materials. Bio-based biopolymer films reinforced with nanostructures have become an interesting area of research. Nanocomposite films are a group of materials that mainly consist of bio-based natural (e.g., chitosan, starch) and synthetic (e.g., poly(lactic acid)) polymers and nanofillers (clay, organic, inorganic, or carbon nanostructures), with different properties. The interaction between environmentally friendly biopolymers and nanofillers leads to the improved functionality of nanocomposite materials. Depending on the properties of nanofillers, new or improved properties of nanocomposites can be obtained such as: barrier properties, improved mechanical strength, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties or thermal stability. This review compiles information about biopolymers used as the matrix for the films with nanofillers as the active agents. Particular emphasis has been placed on the influence of nanofillers on functional properties of biopolymer films and their possible use within the food industry and food packaging systems. The possible applications of those nanocomposite films within other industries (medicine, drug and chemical industry, tissue engineering) is also briefly summarized.

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