scholarly journals Preventive Effect of Pretreatment with Pitavastatin on Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients with Renal Dysfunction Undergoing Coronary Procedure: PRINCIPLE-II Randomized Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3689
Author(s):  
Woong Chol Kang ◽  
Minsu Kim ◽  
Sang Min Park ◽  
Byeong-Keuk Kim ◽  
Byoung-Kwon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Contrast Induced Nephropathy ◽  
Group I ◽  
Coronary Procedure ◽  
Secondary Endpoints ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Double Blinded

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of pitavastatin pretreatment on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) after a coronary procedure. This was a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial. All consecutive 70 patients with CKD (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) were enrolled and randomized into two groups. Group I consisted of patients who were treated with statins (pitavastatin 4 mg/day) for seven days before and three days after the procedure (n = 37, 52.9%), and group II consisted of patients who were treated with a placebo (n = 33, 47.1%). The primary endpoint was the incidence of CIN, and the secondary endpoints were the change in serum creatinine (∆sCr) level and estimated glomerular filtration rate (∆eGFR) after the procedure. The mean age of the patients (males, 74%) was 70.4 ± 9.0 years. After the coronary procedure, the incidence of CIN was lower in group I than in group II, but the difference was not significant (5.4% vs. 9.1%, p = 0.661). The maximal ∆sCr was lower and the maximal ∆eGFR was higher in group I than in group II, but the difference was not significant (−0.11 ± 0.53 mg/dL and −0.04 ± 0.33 mg/dL, p = 0.678; 4.3 ± 11.2 mL/min/1.73 m2 and −2.9 ± 20.4 mL/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.161, respectively). This study showed the possibility of a clinical benefit of pretreatment with a high dose of pitavastatin for the prevention of CIN in patients with CKD after coronary procedure (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01871792).

Seasonal variations in wool growth and heat tolerance of sheep. I. Wool growth

1960 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Wodzicka
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seasonal Rhythm ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

The monthly wool growth of three groups of rams was studied at Beltsville, Maryland. Group I received natural daylight (at 38° 53' N.) and was shorn monthly. Group II had a 7:17 hours of daylight to hours of darkness rhythm and was shorn every 6 months, once in winter and once in summer. Group III received natural daylight and was likewise shorn every 6 months. The rams of all groups produced more wool in summer than in winter. This difference was significant (P<0.001). The mean body weight and food intake were both greater in the winter months, which indicated that the seasonal rhythm of wool growth was not a consequence of poorer feeding in winter. The rams which were shorn monthly (group I) grew considerably more wool than the other two groups, but the difference was not statistically significant. The short-day treatment of group II did not increase the annual wool production nor decrease the seasonal rhythm of wool growth. The balance of evidence from this and other experiments indicates that temperature rather than light controls the seasonal rhythm of wool growth.

scholarly journals A comparative study of tapentadol versus tramadol in the treatment of low back pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1064
Author(s):  
Laxman Verma ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Chaudhary ◽  
Chandresh Gupta ◽  
Umesh Saroj
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical Assessment ◽  
Group I ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Reduction Of Pain ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

Background: Nontraumatic musculoskeletal disorders are the main reason for presentation to the emergency department with Rachialgia being the most common reason to request medical assessment among them. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, parallel group open labelled study conducted in a district level tertiary care hospital attached to a medical teaching institute. Patients were randomized into two groups. Group I (63 patients) received tablet tramadol 50 mg twice daily orally and group II (63 patients) received tablet tapentadol 50 mg twice daily orally.Results: The mean age of the patients of group I was 40.6±9.6 years and in the group II was 42.7±10.6 years. A total of 61 males participated in the study of which 31 males were enrolled in group I and 30 in group II while 65 females participated in the study of which 32 females were enrolled in group I and 33 in group II. The mean reduction of pain intensity VAS score at the end of 4 weeks from baseline in group I and group II were 34.57 and 37.55 respectively. The difference in the mean reduction of pain intensity VAS between the two groups was not statistically significant.Conclusions: We conclude that both the drugs show significant reduction in the pain intensity in moderate to severe CLBP patients. Tapentadol is as efficacious as tramadol in moderate to severe CLBP. However, tapentadol is better tolerated than tramadol.

Aspirin, Dipyridamole and Platelet Survival in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary Tindall ◽  
R. Colin Paton ◽  
George P. McNicol
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Regeneration Time ◽  
Dose Aspirin ◽  
Platelet Survival ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
High Dose Aspirin

1. Platelet survival in 27 insulin-dependent diabetic patients with severe retinopathy was studied in a double-blind cross-over trial using placebo, aspirin (990 mg/day) and a combination of dipyridamole (225 mg/day) with aspirin at two dosage levels (330 mg and 990 mg/day). 2. Twenty patients (group I) had 51Cr-labelled-platelet survival after treatment with placebo and the high-dose-aspirin/dipyridamole combination. The remaining seven patients (group II) had platelet-regeneration times measured after each of the four treatment periods. 3. Treatment of group I patients with the high-dose-aspirin/dipyridamole combination resulted in significant (P < 0·001) prolongation of platelet survival from 7·3 ± 0·2 (mean ± sem) days to 8·4 ± 0·1 days. 4. In group II patients, when compared with the mean placebo result of 7·2 ± 0·2 days, the mean aspirin-labelled-platelet-regeneration time was significantly (P < 0·01) longer only after high-dose-aspirin/dipyridamole (9·8 ± 0·5 days) but not after low-dose-aspirin/dipyridamole (8·3 ± 0·5 days) or aspirin alone (7·3 ± 0·3 days). 5. These results suggest that it may be premature to consider reducing the dose of aspirin in aspirin/dipyridamole combinations below 1 g/day when used as antithrombotic therapy.

scholarly journals Antegrade Percutaneous Versus Retrograde Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy in Upper Ureteric Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
A. Nischal Prasad ◽  
Prasad PVGS
Keyword(s):  
Operative Time ◽  
Stone Size ◽  
Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy ◽  
Stone Clearance ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Ureteric Calculus ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

Background: The technical advancements in urology have profoundly changed the management of upper ureteric calculus. The present study compared antegrade percutaneous versus retrograde ureteroscopic lithotripsy in upper ureteric cases. Subjects and Methods: The present study was conducted at NRI Medical College & Hospital, Chinakakani, Mangalagiri Mandal, Andhra Pradesh from May 2013 to April 2014  on 60 patients with upper ureteric stones of both genders. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group I patients were treated with antegrade percutaneous and group II with retrograde ureterolithotripsy. Outcome in both groups was recorded and compared. Results: The mean anesthetic time in group I was 82.4 minutes and in group II was 73.1 minutes, operative time was 45.2 minutes in group I and 58.4 minutes in group II, post- operative stay in group I was 2.6 days and in group II was 1.7 days, stone clearance was seen in 26 patients in group I and 22 in group II. Mean stone size in group I was 1.89 cm and in group II was 1.49 cm. Follow ups days were 71.2 in group I and 83.4 in group II. Clavien-Dindo categorization grade 0 was seen in 16 in group I and 13 in group II, grade 1 in 10 in group I and 12 in group II and grade 2 in 4 in group I and 5 in group II. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). There were 4 and 5 patients in group I and group II with post- operative complications (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Authors found that antegrade percutaneous has better stone clearance rates as compared to retrograde ureterolithotripsy for an upper ureteric calculus.

scholarly journals A Comparative Evaluation of Dexamethasone and Tramadol as Adjuvant to Levobupivacaine in Supraclavicular Block

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-102
Author(s):  
Rangit Priyakar Pandey ◽  
Richa Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Motor Block ◽  
Sensory Block ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
American Society ◽  
Supraclavicular Block ◽  
Plexus Block

Background: The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare dexamethasone and tramadol as adjuvant to levobupivacaine in supraclavicular block. Subjects and Methods: The present study was conducted on 50 patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I and II. Patients were divided in to two groups of 25 each. In group I, 30 ml of 0.5% levobupivacaine hydrochloride plus 2 ml tramadol (100 mg) was used. In group II, 30 ml of 0.5% levobupivacaine hydrochloride plus 2 ml dexamethasone (8 mg) was used. Visual Analogue Scale was used. The onset of sensory and motor block was evaluated.Results: The mean onset of sensory block in group I was 5.41 minutes and in group II was 3.86 minutes, motor onset was 9.12 minutes in group I and 7.25 minutes in group II, duration of sensory block in group I was 12.14 hours and in group II was 15.34 hours, duration of motor block in group I was 14.34 hours and I group II was 16.23 hours, duration of analgesia in group I was 16.1 hour and in group II was 18.4 hours. The difference was significant difference (P<0.05). The mean VAS score in group II was better as compared to group I (P <0.05). Conclusion:Authors found that dexamethasone is a better adjuvant than tramadol when added to levobupivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Intrathecal Neostigmine with Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine in Postoperative Analgesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Nischala Reddy G ◽  
Ajay Babu Ramakrishnan ◽  
S. Ankalagowri Sankardevar ◽  
Uthkala B Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Motor Block ◽  
Sensory Block ◽  
Sedation Score ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hyperbaric Solution ◽  
Mean Time

Background: The present study was conducted to compare the efficacy of intrathecal neostigmine with intrathecal dexmedetomidine in postop- erative analgesia. Subjects and Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of Anesthesia involving 100 patients belonging to ASA grade I and II, posted for elective Sub umbilical surgeries, under spinal anaesthesia. Group I patients received 3.0ml of hyperbaric solution of 0.5% bupivacaine + 50mcg (0.5ml) of Neostigmine. Group II patients received 3.0ml of hyperbaric solution of 0.5% bupivacaine + 10mcg (0.5ml) of dexmedetomidine. Results: The maximum patients were seen in age group 18-30 years ie 10 in group I and 16 in group II and minimum in 41-50 years ie 6 in group I and 4 in group II. The mean time for onset of sensory block in group I was 1.43 0.53 min and in group II was 2.319   0.44 min. The mean time for onset of peak sensory block in group I was 5.48    0.43 min and Group II was 7.31    0.44 min.  Time for two segment regression was significantly higher in dexmedetomidine group as compared to neostigmine group, the mean time for two segment regression in group I was 124.98 21.48 min and group II was 165.24 14.45 min. The mean time for onset of motor block was 3.079 0.44 min in group I and 4.0454  0.38 min in group II. The mean duration of motor block in group I was 191.58  26.81 min and 324   36.8 min in group II. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). The mean sedation score in group I was 1.03 and in group II was 2.07. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Authors recommend the use of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in subarachnoid block

scholarly journals Assessment of Left Atrial Volume Index in the Patients with ACS in Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Niranjan Reddy R ◽  
Shashanka Chunduri
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death universally. The present study was conducted to assess LA volume index (LAVI) in the patients with ACS in adults.Subjects and Methods: The present study was conducted on120 adult patients diagnosed with ACS of both genders in narayana medical college hospital from May 2016 toOctober 2016. Patients were divided into 2 groups of 60 each. Group I patients had LAVI > 34 ml/m2 and group II patients had LAVI ≤ 34 ml/m2. The LV systolic function was analyzed by Simpson’s disc volumetric method. The LAV was assessed by the biplane area‑length method from apical 4‑chamber and 2‑chamber views.Results: The mean BMI in group I patients was 26.7 kg/m2 and in group II was 26.1 kg/m2, AW STEMI in group I was seen in 30 patients and in group II in 32, IW + PW STEMI in 6 and 4 patients in both groups respectively, IW STEMI in 5 and 4 patients respectively, NSTEMI in 4 and 3 patients respectively and UA in 15 and 17 patients respectively. Risk factors were diabetes mellitus in 32    and 27 patients respectively, hypertension in 41 and 40 patients respectively, smoking in 43 and 38 patients respectively, alcohol in 30 and 35 patients respectively and positive family history in 12 and 16 patients respectively. The difference was non- significant (P> 0.05). The mean LAVI at admission in group I was 38.1 and in group II was 27.2, after 1 month was 40.2 and 28.1 in both groups, after 6 months was 39.1 and 27.9 in both groups and after 12 months was 42.7 and 25.3 in both groups respectively. The difference was significant (P< 0.05).Conclusion:Authors conclude that LAVI was found to be the independent predictor of mortality than left ventricular ejection fraction on multivariate regression analysis. Common risk factors in patients with ACS were diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, alcoholism and positive family history. Patients with LAVI of value >34 ml/m2 were associated with increased comorbidities.

scholarly journals Association of Albumin to Creatinine Ratio with Severity of Coronary Artery Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Lohani Md Tajul Islam ◽  
Abu Sadique Abdullah ◽  
Sarker Md Alauddin Al Azad ◽  
Mohammad Jubayer ◽  
Md Gaffar Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Vessel Score ◽  
Vessel Involvement

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common cause of mortality and morbidity all over the world. It is also becoming a significant burden on healthcare service in Bangladesh. Atherosclerosis is the main pathology behind coronary artery disease. Endothelial dysfunction plays a crucial role in the process of atherosclerosis. Microalbuminuria (MA) is a reliable marker of endothelial dysfunction. This is why microalbuminuria is recognized as a simple marker of atherogenic milieu It was a cross sectional analytical study carried out in the department of Cardiology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka during the period of May, 2013 to April, 2014. After ethical consideration a total of 120 patients with IHD admitted in the department of Cardiology who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria and underwent coronary angiogram were taken as sampling population by purposive sampling. 1st morning spot urine sample was taken for measurement of ACR.Microalbumnuria was measured by rate nephelometry using Behring protein analyzer. All the study subjects were placed into two groups according to ACR value (group I- positive urinary ACR >30 mg/g & group II-Normal urinary ACR <30 mg/g). Angiographic severity of coronary artery disease was assessed by vessel score and stenosis score. Age and sex distribution of the subjects in two groups with MA and without MA were similar. No significant difference was observed between two groups with regard to smoking, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and family history of IHD. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus was significantly more in subjects with MA than without MA (60% vs 33.9%, p=0.006). All 40 patients of group I had significant CAD. 57(71.2%) patients of group II had significant CAD and 23(28.8%) patients had no significant CAD. The difference was highly significant (p<0.001). Single vessel involvement was significantly more frequent in subjects of group II than group I (35.0% vs15.0%, p=0.022) Double vessel involvement was more in group I than group II, but the difference was not statistically significant (36.8% vs 32.40%,p=0.641).Triple vessel involvement was significantly more frequent in subjects of group I than group II (50.0% vs10.7%, p<0.001). The mean stenosis score of group I was significantly higher than group II (95% CI 4.966 to 2.809, p<0.001). The mean ±SD total coronary vessel score of group I was 16.60±4.75 with a range of 7.0-21.0 and mean ±SD total coronary vessel score of group II was 8.26±6.24 with a range of 0.0-21.0. The mean total score of group I wassignificantly higher than group II (95% CI 10.558 to 6.117, p<0.001). Patient with microalbuminuria has more extensive and complex angiographic coronary artery disease compared to those without microalbuminuria.University Heart Journal Vol. 10, No. 1, January 2014; 18-22

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Dexmedetomidine and Clonidine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response during Laryngoscopy and Intubation

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar Gupta ◽  
Saurabh Singhal
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Hemodynamic Response ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

Background: The present study was conducted to compare dexmedetomidine and clonidine for attenuation of hemodynamic response during laryngoscopy and intubation. Subjects and Methods: Group I patients received 0.9% normal saline (placebo), group II patients received 0.5 µg/kg of dexmedetomidine and group III patients received 3 µg/kg of or clonidine. Each group had 15 patients. Results: The mean age in group I was 28.2 years, in group II was 32.1 years and in group III was 33.2 years, mean weight was 61.2 years, in group II was 60.4 years and in group III was 62.1 years, height was 156.2 cm, in group II was 157.1 cm and in group III was 152.8 cm. There were 8 males and 7 females in group I, 6 males and 9 females in group II and 7 males and 8 females in group III. The mean SBP (mm Hg) in group I was 121.4 and in group II was 122.6, and in group III was 127.4, DBP (mm Hg) was 76.2 in group I, 78.4 in group II and 78.2 in group III. MAP (mm Hg) was 86.7 in group I, 93.2 in group II and 92.5 in group III. HR (bpm) was 74.2 in group I, 78.4 in group II and 77.3 in group III. % oxygen saturation was 98.2in group I, 98.5 in group II and 97.9 in group III. The difference was non- significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Authors found that both groups were equally effective in causing attenuation of hemodynamic response to endotracheal intubation.

scholarly journals Marginal bone loss around axial and straight implants supported with prefabricated SFI-Bar with mandibular overdentures

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-294
Author(s):  
Prema Balehonnur ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Complete Denture ◽  
Marginal Bone Loss ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Bone Height

To assess the role of prefabricated SFI-Bar in peri-implant bone loss around immediately axially loaded and straight implants. This study comprised of 40 complete denture wearer patients who received two axially parallel implants connected by SFI-Bars in group I and two 15° mesially tilted implants connected by SFI-Bars in group II. Peri- implant bone loss (PiBL) was measured at 1 year, 2 years and 3 years. The mean PiBL at 1 year in group I was 0.21 mm and I group II was 0.22, at 2 years in group I was 0.26 mm and in group II was 0.23 mm and at 3 years, in group I was 0.29 mm and in group II was 0.34 mm. The difference was significant at 3 years (P< 0.05). The mean mesial PIBL at 1year in group I was 0.18 mm, in group II was 0.20 mm, at 2 years in group I was 0.19 mm and in group II was 0.07 mm and at 3 years, in group I was 0.25 mm and in group II was 0.29 mm. The difference found to be significant in each time duration in both groups (P< 0.05).The mean distal PIBL at 1 year in group I was 0.23 mm, in group II was 0.22 mm, at 2 years in group I was 0.33 mm and in group II was 0.39 mm and at 3 years, in group I was 0.34 mm and in group II was 0.39 mm. The difference found to be significant at 2 and 3 years in both groups (P< 0.05). Authors found that mandibular overdentures retained with Prefabricated SFI-Bar with axial and straight inserted implants may be useful in patients with reduced bone height.

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