scholarly journals Videocapillaroscopy of the Oral Mucosa in Patients with Diabetic Foot: Possible Diagnostic Role of Microangiopathic Damage?

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3641
Author(s):  
Giuseppe A. Scardina ◽  
Giovanni Guercio ◽  
Cesare F. Valenti ◽  
Domenico Tegolo ◽  
Pietro Messina
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Average Length ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Diagnostic Role

Introduction: Diabetic foot represents one of the most serious and expensive complications of diabetes and is subject to a high percentage of amputations that are almost always preceded by ulcers ascribable to neuropathy and/or vasculopathy. Videocapillaroscopy (VCS) can be a valuable aid in order to uncover morpho-structural anomalies in the vascular bed, both at the level of the oral mucosa and at the level of the terminal vessels of the lower limb. Materials and methods: Sixty subjects divided into 4 groups were enrolled: 15 healthy subjects; 15 patients with diabetes for more than 10 years without ulcerative foot lesions; 15 patients with neuropathic diabetic foot (clinical diagnosis, MDNS); 15 patients with ischemic diabetic foot (clinical diagnosis, ABI, lower limb doppler). A complete videocapillaroscopic mapping of the oral mucosa was carried out on each patient. The areas investigated were: labial mucosa, the retro-commissural region of the buccal mucosa, and the vestibular masticatory mucosa (II and V sextant). Results: The analysis of the morphological and densitometric characteristics of the capillaries revealed the following: a significant reduction in capillary density in neuropathic (mean ± SD 7.32 ± 2.1) and ischemic patients (mean ± SD 4.32 ± 3.2) compared to the control group of patients (both diabetic mean ± SD 12.98 ± 3.1 and healthy mean ± SD 19.04 ± 3.16) (ANOVA test and Bonferroni t test p < 0.05); a reduction in the average length of the capillaries and a significant increase in tortuosity (ANOVA test and Bonferroni t test p < 0.05). In the neuropathic patients, a recurrent capillaroscopic pattern that we defined as “sun” was found, with capillaries arranged radially around an avascular area. Conclusions: The data obtained from this preliminary study suggest a potential diagnostic role of oral capillaroscopy in the early and subclinical identification of microangiopathic damage in patients with diabetic foot.

Effectiveness Of Toilet Training Education On Mother's Behavior And Toddler Age Toilet Training Ability (18-36 Months)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Hafiko Andresni ◽  
Zahtamal Zahtamal ◽  
Winda Septiani ◽  
Mitra Mitra ◽  
Lita Lita
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toilet Training ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Toilet training is an effort to train children to be able to control and urinate (BAK) and defecate (BAB). Toilet training is one of the main tasks of children at toddler age. Toilet training is one of the main tasks of children in toddler age which is very important to be done to create independence in children in controlling BAK and BAB and children know the parts of the body and their functions. Data in 2012 shows that ± 60% of parents do not teach toilet training to children from an early age. The aim of the study was to find out the effectiveness of toilet training education on maternal behavior and toilet skills in toddler age training (18-36 months). The study was conducted in July-August 2018. This type of quantitative research used the design of the Quasy pretest and posttest experiment with non-equivalent control group design. Samples were 36 mothers and 36 children with purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used Paired t test, Wilcoxon test, Man-Whitney test an Independent t test. The results showed that toilet training education through lecture methods, modules and maze games was more effective than toilet training education through lecture and leaflet methods on children's knowledge and abilities. Conversely, for the role of mothers in supervision there is no significant difference in effectiveness. Health education is recommended in health promotion programs to increase maternal knowledge, the role of mothers and the ability of toilet training children independently. Keywords: Toilet training, Lecture method, Module, Maze game, Leaflet, Knowledge, Role of mother, Children's ability.

Diagnostic Role Of MPV In Acute Appendicitis

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Mean Platelet Volume ◽  
Pathological Diagnosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
And Control

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic role of mean platelet volume (MPV) for acute appendicitis. Methods: Patient files were retrospectively observed. MPV of 311 patients with pathological diagnosis of acute appendicitis were compared with the MPV of 314 healthy children (blood samples were taken for elective operations). SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) was used to evaluate the results. Results: 188 of acute appendicitis were male (%60.5). Mean age of acute appendicitis group was 10.22±3.83. MPV of children with the diagnosis of acute appendicitis (8.37±0.83fL) and the control group (10.55±0.83fL). MPV values were statistically different between the acute appendicitis and control group (p<0,001). Conclusion: MPV may be used as a marker for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis, but it is not a specific biomarker for appendicitis.

scholarly journals Perubahan Respon Pendengaran Karena Pemakaian Earphone

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Dewi Rossalia
Keyword(s):  
Call Center ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstrak Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang perubahan respon pendengaran karena pemakaian earphone terhadap karyawan bagian call center yang meliputi pengukuran intensitas kebisingan pada earphone yang biasa digunakan oleh karyawan, pengisian kuesioner dan pengukuran ambang pendengaran dengan audiometer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mengetahui pengaruh kebisingan suara yang dikeluarkan oleh earphone terhadap ambang dengar manusia, mengetahui adanya hubungan lama masa kerja dan usia terhadap gangguan pendengaran pada karyawan call center. Rancangan penelitian eksperimen dengan Randomized Post Test Only Control Group Design. Setelah dilakukan pengambilan data intensitas kebisingan yang dikeluarkan oleh earphone adalah sekitar 59-62 dB. Untuk mengkaji pengaruh intensitas kebisingan terhadap pendengaran karyawan dilakukan pengukuran audiometer pada karyawan yang terpapar kebisingan earphone (kelompok perlakuan) dan karyawan yang tidak terpapar kebisingan earphone (kelompok kontrol). Data-data yang dihasilkan diolah dengan menggunakan uji T dua sampel bebas (chi-square t-test), Chi-Square test, Anova test dan Mann-Whitney test. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara kebisingan earphone terhadap ambang pendengaran karyawan kelompok perlakuan dengan kelompok kontrol (p<0,05). Kata kunci : kebisingan earphone, gangguan pendengaran.

scholarly journals A study of the efficacy of external fixation in healing large, deep and unstable diabetic foot wounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 669
Author(s):  
Byomokesh Patro ◽  
Pankaj Surana ◽  
Kailash Chandra Mahapatra
Keyword(s):  
External Fixation ◽  
External Fixator ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group

Background: Infection of a diabetic foot wound heralds a poor outcome, early diagnosis and treatments are important. The aim of the study was to study the efficacy of external fixation in healing large, deep and unstable diabetic foot wounds.Methods: 50 patients with diabetic foot ulcer considered for the present study. Out of this 50 cases 25 are selected for external fixations (study group), after fulfilling the inclusion criteria and rest 25 cases are managed by posterior slab support. After reducing the infective load, the external fixator was applied as per application of external fixator procedure. The fixator is kept for 4 to 6 weeks. Daily dressings are done with advance dressing materials. Posterior slab group 25 patients are included having large, deep ulcers and unstable joints, to which posterior slabs were supported after proper and extensive debridement of wound under SA/LA.Results: DFU predominantly affects right lower limb than left lower limb. Both lower limbs affected in 4% cases. Because of different working environment males are more vulnerable to foot ulcerations. Out of 50 cases 48 (96%) of DFU are unilateral and 32 no of cases (64%) are predominantly occurs in right lower limb (Table 2). Out of 50 cases 38 no. of patient are males and 12 no. of patient are females. External fixator in exposed joint decreases the wounds in 52 days where as by posterior slab support 59 days. The mean surfaces are of the wound after therapy in study group is 75 cm2 and in control group it was 78 cm2.Conclusions: Large ulcers and exposed joints due to diabetic foot can be managed by external fixator for better prognosis than posterior slab method.

scholarly journals Role of periodontal pathogens in carcinogenesis of squamous-cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-85
Author(s):  
A. E. Kazimov ◽  
A. M. Mudunov ◽  
Z. V. Grigorievskaya ◽  
I. A. Zaderenko ◽  
S. B. Alieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
National Medical

The study objective is to evaluate the effect of periodontal microorganisms on development of squamous-cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa and the risk of its recurrence.Materials and methods. Microbiological study of biomaterials from 150 patients was performed. The study group included 100 patients with T3–T4 squamous-cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa and was subdivided into two subgroups with 50 patients in each. The control group included 50 patients.Results. Analysis of the results obtained in the subgroup of primary patients showed the following trends: in 2 (50 %) of 4 patients with Fusobacterium spp., recurrence of the main disease was observed as well as a case of distant metastasis into the bones. Among 35 patients with Prevotella spp. in the biomaterials, in 16 (45.7 %) recurrence of the tumor was observed. Among 10 patients with Veillonella spp., recurrence was observed in 20 %. The most common aerobic microorganism was Streptococcus spр. Among patients who underwent treatment at the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, recurrence was diagnosed in 28.5 %, distant metastases in 4.7 %. In the subgroup of repeat patients, the following trends were observed: among 27 patients with Fusobacterium spp., recurrence of the main disease was observed in 63 %. Among 26 patients with Prevotella spp. in the biomaterial, in 11 (42.3 %) local recurrence was observed. Among 24 patients with Veillonella spp., recurrence developed in 33.3 %. The most common aerobic microorganism was Streptococcus spр., recurrences developed in 21 % of cases.

DIAGNOSTIC ROLE OF SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY INDICES IN INFANTS WITH MODERATE TO SEVERE HYPOXIC ISCHEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burak Ceran ◽  
Evrim Alyamac Dizdar ◽  
Esra Beser ◽  
Nazmiye Bengü Karaçağlar ◽  
Fatma Nur Sari
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Immune Inflammation ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Aim: We aimed to determine the diagnostic role of systemic inflammatory (SI) incides in infants with moderate to severe HIE. We have also investigated the effect of hypothermia treatment (HT) over those indices. Method A retrospective cohort study of infants suffering from moderate-severe HIE was conducted in a tertiary level neonatal intensive care unit between September 2019 to March 2021. SI indices including systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) were calculated for infants with HIE and controls at baseline, and after HT in those with HIE. Results A total of 103 infants (53 in the HIE group and 50 in the control group) were included in the study. Gestational ages, birth weights and the gender of the infants were similar between the groups. Infants in the HIE group had significantly higher NLR (p=0.001), SII (p=0.001), PIV (p=0.001), and SIRI (p=0.004) values when compared to control group. Those indices decreased significantly after HT in the HIE group. Areas under curve for NLR, PLR, MLR, SII, SIRI and PIV to predict HIE were found as 0.808, 0.597, 0.653, 0.763, 0.686 and 0.663 respectively. Cut off values having a good ability to predict HIE for SII and NLR were 410 and 1.12. Elevated NLR level above 1.12 was found to be an independent predictor for HIE as revealed by multivariate analyses. No associations were found between SI incides and aEEG patterns, presence of seizures and death. Conclusion SI indices may represent reliable and readily available predictors of HIE risk. NLR seems to be an independent factor in diagnosing moderate to severe HIE.

scholarly journals Effect of epinephrine on the absorption of lidocaine following application to the oral mucosa in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Sasaki ◽  
Katsuhisa Sunada
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Scintillation Counter ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Lidocaine Hydrochloride ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Topical Anesthetics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Palatine Bone ◽  
Palatal Mucosa

Abstract Background We investigated the role of epinephrine in prolonging the localization of lidocaine on the oral mucosa and inhibiting its absorption in the blood of rats. Methods We used 7–8-week-old pathogen-free Wistar male rats (n = 128) for our study. We divided them into the control group administered with 14C-labeled lidocaine hydrochloride gel only and the study group administered with 14C-labeled lidocaine hydrochloride gel with epinephrine. The medications were administered in the palatal mucosa of the rats. The amount of mucosa, palatine bone, and serum lidocaine was measured by radioactivity using a liquid scintillation counter and was observed using autoradiograms. Results Initially, there was no significant difference in the lidocaine levels between the lidocaine and lidocaine with epinephrine groups in the palatal mucosa (751.9 ± 133.8 vs. 669.8 ± 101.6 ng/mg [2 min]). After 4 min, the values were significantly lower in the lidocaine with epinephrine group (1040.0 ± 142.8 vs. 701.2 ± 109.0 ng/mg [20 min]). After 40 min, the lidocaine level became significantly higher in the lidocaine with epinephrine group (586.8 ± 112.4 vs. 1131.3 ± 155.2 ng/mg [40 min]). Similar results were observed in the palatine bone and serum. Conclusion Epinephrine prolonged the localization of lidocaine applied to the mucosa and inhibited its absorption into the bloodstream of rats. Clinical studies are required to evaluate the use of epinephrine-containing topical anesthetics on the oral mucosa.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK JAHE MERAH (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) TERHADAP JUMLAH SEL MAKROFAG ULKUS TRAUMATIKUS MUKOSA MULUT AKIBAT BAHAN KIMIAWI Penelitian in vivo pada Rattus Norvegicus

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Fitria Hidayati ◽  
Prima Agusmawanti ◽  
Muhammad Dian Firdausy
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Mucosal Ulceration ◽  
Red Ginger

Background: Traumatic ulcer is an oral mucosa ulcerative lesion caused by trauma. One of the causes is chemicals. Clinical features of traumatic ulcer including yellowish white spots with reddish halo and painful. Treatment for this ulcer are suppressing inflammation and pain thus will increase healing process. Macrophage will be decreased at the end of the inflammatory phase. Red ginger extracts (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) contains some compounds that can heal ulcers. Purpose: The objective of this research was to find out the effect of red ginger extract on the macrophage numbers in traumatic oral mucosal ulceration due to chemical in Rattus norvegicus. Method: This study was experimental which post test only control group design. There were five groups: negative control group without intervention, positive control group treat aloclair, and red ginger extract in 2%, 4%, 8% consentration group. The experimental animals were used 25 Rattus norvegicus. They were injured on oral mucosa using H2O2 30% two times a day. Their oral mucosa were made as hystologycal slide, and macrophage counts were observed, then analyzed by Anova test and LSD test. Result: The result indicates some significant effect of red ginger extract on the macrophage numbers in traumatic oral mucosal ulceration from Anova test 0,001 (<0,05). There are significant differences between 2% consentration of red ginger extract and positive control group.There are no significant difference beetween 4%, 8% consentration of red ginger extract and positive control group. Conclusion: It can be concluded that red ginger extract have influence on the number of macrophages in chamical traumatic oral mucosal ulceration in Rattus norvegicus.

scholarly journals OVEN DESTILATOR PENGOLAH SAMPAH PLASTIK RAMAH LINGKUNGAN “Pemanfaatan Asap Cair Hasil Olahan Oven Destilator untuk Pengawetan Kayu

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Sri Puji Ganefati ◽  
Lilik Hendrarini ◽  
Sarjito Eko Windarso
Keyword(s):  
Production Capacity ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
T Test ◽  
Wood Preservation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Plastic Bag

Up to now, the majority of people treat plastic waste by burning and disposing it directly to the surrounding environment. The burning of the waste causes air pollution due to toxic compound called dioxin which is harmful for human health. Meanwhile, the dumping of plastic waste into water bodies can causing some negative effects such as the clogging of water duct or river which may lead to flooding. Annually, the number of plastic bag used can reach 500 million – 1 billion, which is equal to 10 fold wrapping of earth surface (Nitizen, 2008). The best handling of plastic waste are using reuse or recycle methods which are environmentally friendly and at the same time can gain economical value1). The study is aimed to: 1) understand the capability of oven distillator in processing plastic waste into plastic grain and liquid smoke, 2) understand the influence of liquid smoke towards wood durability, 3) understand the price of the oven distillator and the corresponding break even point (BEP).The study was an experimental one and employed pre test and post test with control group design, and simultaneously assessing equipment’s production capacity. The data was analyzed descriptively and analytically with Anova test and t-test at 95% level of significance.The results show that oven distillator capable for processing 97,3% of plastic waste into plastic grain, while the rest was converted into liquid smoke. The liquid smoke was proved affect wood preservation (anova test, p<0.001), and have similar quality compared with varnish use (t-test, p=0,764). The cost analysis shows that the distillatory raise economical value of the waste by 217,66%, and The BEP would be reached in 68 days if 12 kg plastic is processed daily. It is advised that he oven can be used by general community or home industries for applying green and high economically value of plastic waste processing.

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