scholarly journals Methylene Blue—Current Knowledge, Fluorescent Properties, and Its Future Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3538
Author(s):  
Tomasz Cwalinski ◽  
Wojciech Polom ◽  
Luigi Marano ◽  
Giandomenico Roviello ◽  
Alberto D’Angelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Fluorescent Imaging ◽  
Pancreatic Tumors ◽  
Fluorescent Properties

Methylene blue is a fluorescent dye discovered in 1876 and has since been used in different scientific fields. Only recently has methylene blue been used for intraoperative fluorescent imaging. Here, the authors review the emerging role of methylene blue, not only as a dye used in clinical practice, but also as a fluorophore in a surgical setting. We discuss the promising potential of methylene blue together with the challenges and limitations among specific surgical techniques. A literature review of PubMed and Medline was conducted based on the historical, current and future usage of methylene blue within the field of medicine. We reviewed not only the current usage of methylene blue, but we also tried to grasp its’ function as a fluorophore in five main domains. These domains include the near-infrared imaging visualization of ureters, parathyroid gland identification, pancreatic tumors imaging, detection of breast cancer tumor margins, as well as breast cancer sentinel node biopsy. Methylene blue is used in countless clinical procedures with a relatively low risk for patients. Usage of its fluorescent properties is still at an early stage and more pre-clinical, as well as clinical research, must be performed to fully understand its potentials and limitations.

scholarly journals Identification of Sentinel Lymph Node in Breast Cancer with three Tracers (Radiocolloid, Methylene blue, and Indocyanine Green). (Case Report)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (C) ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
Goran Borislav Kondov ◽  
Viktor Gruev ◽  
Sinisha Stojanovski ◽  
Magdalena Bogdanovska-Todorovska ◽  
Risto Colanceski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node ◽  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Fluorescent Imaging ◽  
Blue Dye

BACKGROUND: Sentinel lymph node (SNL) biopsy in breast cancer for the determination of axillary status is standard procedures in surgical treatment of early-stage breast cancer. The identification of the SNL is usually performed by radiocolloid injection or/and injection of methylene blue due. The use of indocyanine green (ICG) dye, which is fluorescent dye, which movement in breast and axillar pit, can be followed with special cameras which detect near infrared specatar of light. CASE REPORT: In this paper, we present case report of patient with breast cancer, where we perform SNL detection with three methods: Use of radiocolloid which we trace with static gamma camera, and intraoperatively with hand held gamma probe, methylene blue dye which movement we followed by eye contact and using indocyanine green which movement was followed by specially constructed multispectral camera, which can detect near-infrared fluorescence that is emitted by ICG and methyline blue, respectively. CONCLUSION: Fluorescent imaging with ICG is a sensitive, valuable, and safe method for SNL biopsy. Finding new agents that would identify the SNL, especially if they are not radioactive would be an important step in wider application of this method.

A Reduction Active Theranostic Nanoparticle for Enhanced Near-Infrared Imaging and Phototherapy by Reducing Glutathione Level in Cancer Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 5965-5971
Author(s):  
Xiaofang Song ◽  
Lifo Ruan ◽  
Tianyu Zheng ◽  
Jun Wei ◽  
Jiayu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Disulfide Bonds ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Fluorescent Imaging ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Fluorescent Intensity ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Hyperbranched Poly ◽  
One Step

Facile preparation of a tumoral-stimuli-activated theranostic nanoparticle with simple constituents remains a challenge for tumor theranostic nanosystems. Herein we design a simple reductionresponsive turn-on theranostic nanoparticle for achieving fluorescent imaging and phototherapy combination. The theranostic nanoparticle is prepared by a simple one-step dialysis method of reduction active amphiphilic hyperbranched poly(β-amidoamines) and a near-infrared (NIR) dye indocyanine green (ICG). The fluorescence of ICG is quenched by the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect. The fluorescent intensity of free ICG at 816 nm was ∼40 times as high as that of particulate ICG. After reductive nanoparticles incubated with dithiothreitol (DTT), the size of the nanoparticles increased from 160 nm to 610 nm by Dynamic light scattering (DLS). As nanoparticles were internalized by cancer cells, the disulfide bonds would be cleaved by intracellular reduction agents like glutathione (GSH), leading to the release of entrapped ICG. The released ICG regained its fluorescence for self-monitoring the release and therapeutic effect of ICG by fluorescence spectra and the quantitative evaluation of NIR fluorescence intensity. Remarkably, nanoparticles can also reinforce antitumor efficacy through photodynamic therapy and GSH depletion property. This study provides new insights into designing turn-on theranostic systems.

scholarly journals Prospective evaluation of the limitations of near-infrared imaging in detecting axillary sentinel lymph nodes in primary breast cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1006-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chafika Mazouni ◽  
Meriem Koual ◽  
Frederic De Leeuw ◽  
Angelica Conversano ◽  
Nicolas Leymarie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Primary Breast Cancer ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽  
Prospective Evaluation ◽  
Near Infrared Imaging

Breast Cancer: Early- and Late-Fluorescence Near-Infrared Imaging with Indocyanine Green—A Preliminary Study

Radiology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 258 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Poellinger ◽  
Susen Burock ◽  
Dirk Grosenick ◽  
Axel Hagen ◽  
Lutz Lüdemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared Imaging ◽  
Preliminary Study

A Bayesian meta-analysis of the prognostic value of circulating HER2/neu levels in breast cancer (BC) patients.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 643-643
Author(s):  
Walter P. Carney ◽  
Robert Thiel ◽  
Dirk Bernhardt ◽  
Suhail M. Ali ◽  
Kim Leitzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Dirichlet Distribution ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Natural Extension ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Her 2 ◽  
Baseline Levels

643 Background: Many reports have shown the prognostic value of HER-2 measured in tumor tissue or in blood. In 2009, Finn et.al. showed that in a study of 579 MBC patients whose serum HER-2 levels (sHER-2) were constantly below normal had a longer PFS than patients with a sHER-2 level constantly above normal. Patients who converted from above normal to less than normal during therapy had a longer PFS than the opposite change. Methods: We performed a Bayesian meta-analysis of 12 studies where all sHER-2 levels were measured using an FDA cleared sHER-2 test with a standard cutoff of 15ng/ml. We chose a Bayesian approach because a “meta-analysis” is a natural extension of the Bayesian view that current knowledge is the result of prior knowledge modified by the data. After an in depth literature search, we selected 12 publications based on the following criteria. Baseline levels were available from either early stage or late stage patients who had at least a 2 year disease free or progression free survival as indicated by a Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curve. Results: The analysis included 4030 BC patients of which 1106 patients had baseline levels < 15ng/ml and 2924 patients had baseline values >15ng/ml. From the K-M curves, we estimated the number of recurrences up to 24 months in each group and prepared a 2x2 table for each study. We determined the odds ratio (OR) for the 12 studies which ranged from 0.57 to 74. A posterior distribution for the aggregated 12 studies can be represented by a Dirichlet distribution. 10,000 estimates of the aggregated OR indicated that there is a 95% credibility that the odds of a woman with baseline sHER-2 >15ng/ml recurring at or before two years is between 3.39 and 4.57 times higher than the odds of a woman whose baseline sHER-2 was < 15ng/ml recurring at or before two years. Conclusions: This meta-analysis agrees with previous studies that serum HER-2 levels > 15ng/ml can be a strong prognostic indicator for women with Breast Cancer and that managing therapy regimens to maximize the decrease in serum HER-2 levels could be important target in treating patients.

Extrapelvic Sentinel Lymph Nodes in Endometrial Cancer Patients With Unmapped Pelvic Side: A Brief Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 700-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salih Taşkin ◽  
Duygu Altin ◽  
Yavuz Emre Şükür ◽  
Firat Ortaç
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽  
Fluorescent Imaging ◽  
Systematic Lymphadenectomy ◽  
Early Stage Endometrial Cancer

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to evaluate extrapelvic sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in clinical early-stage endometrial cancer patients with unmapped pelvic side(s) during fluorescent imaging-based sentinel mapping.Materials and MethodsEligible patients underwent sentinel mapping using cervical injection of indocyanine green and near-infrared florescent imaging compatible endoscopic systems. Pelvic SLNs were identified and resected. If bilateral mapping was not achieved, upper lymph nodes areas including presacral, upper common iliac, and para-aortic caval regions were explored for any SLN. Systematic lymphadenectomy was performed after applying SLN algorithm steps.ResultsIn 24 of 101 patients, bilateral pelvic mapping was not achieved. Bilateral unmapping was seen in 4 of 24 and unilateral pelvic side mapping in 20 of 24 patients. There was no extrapelvic SLN among 4 cases with bilateral pelvic unmapping, whereas 8 (40%) of 20 patients with unilateral pelvic mapping had extrapelvic SLNs. Five of extrapelvic SLNs were in presacral, 2 in upper common iliac, and 1 in paracaval regions.ConclusionsObserving for extrapelvic SLNs in cases with unmapped pelvic side(s) could increase detection rate of SLN mapping in clinical early-stage endometrial cancer.

scholarly journals Maximizing the power of deep extragalactic imaging surveys with the James Webb Space Telescope

2019 ◽  
Vol 486 (3) ◽  
pp. 3087-3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
T W Kemp ◽  
J S Dunlop ◽  
R J McLure ◽  
C Schreiber ◽  
A C Carnall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Galaxy Evolution ◽  
Parallel Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Space Telescope ◽  
James Webb Space Telescope ◽  
The Impact

Abstract We present a new analysis of the potential power of deep, near-infrared, imaging surveys with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to improve our knowledge of galaxy evolution. In this work we properly simulate what can be achieved with realistic survey strategies, and utilize rigorous signal-to-noise ratio calculations to calculate the resulting posterior constraints on the physical properties of galaxies. We explore a broad range of assumed input galaxy types (&gt;20 000 models, including extremely dusty objects) across a wide redshift range (out to z ≃ 12), while at the same time considering a realistic mix of galaxy properties based on our current knowledge of the evolving population (as quantified through the Empirical Galaxy Generator). While our main focus is on imaging surveys with NIRCam, spanning $\lambda _{\mathrm{ obs}} = 0.8\!-\!5.0\, \mu$m, an important goal of this work is to quantify the impact/added-value of: (i) parallel imaging observations with MIRI at longer wavelengths, and (ii) deeper supporting optical/UV imaging with HST (potentially prior to JWST launch) in maximizing the power and robustness of a major extragalactic NIRCam survey. We show that MIRI parallel 7.7-$\mu$m imaging is of most value for better constraining the redshifts and stellar masses of the dustiest (AV &gt; 3) galaxies, while deep B-band imaging (reaching ≃ 28.5 AB mag) with ACS on HST is vital for determining the redshifts of the large numbers of faint/low-mass, z &lt; 5 galaxies that will be detected in a deep JWST NIRCam survey.

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