scholarly journals Two-Year Reproducibility of Axial Length Measurements after Combined Phacovitrectomy for Epiretinal Membrane, and Refractive Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3493
Author(s):  
Tae Seen Kang ◽  
Yong-Il Shin ◽  
Cheon Kuk Ryu ◽  
Jung Yeul Kim
Keyword(s):  
Axial Length ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Epiretinal Membranes ◽  
Lens Position ◽  
Refractive Outcomes ◽  
Length Measurements ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Purpose: To determine the long-term reproducibility of axial length measurements and mean postoperative prediction errors after combined phacovitrectomy in patients with idiopathic epiretinal membranes. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Methods: The study included 43 patients who underwent combined phacovitrectomy and 30 patients who underwent only phacoemulsification. To determine the effect of vitrectomy, we compared patients treated with phacoemulsification only versus those treated with combined phacovitrectomy. Axial lengths were measured three times with a one-year interval, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), coefficient of variation (CV), and test–retest standard deviation (TRTSD) were assessed. Results: There was no significant change in axial length, and axial length measurements showed high reproducibility in all groups. ICC, CV, and TRTSD values were 0.997, 0.24%, and 0.056, respectively, for the vitrectomized eyes. The mean postoperative prediction error was −0.37 diopters(D) in vitrectomized eyes (p < 0.001), while it was +0.11 D in patients with phacoemulsification (p = 0.531). The myopic shift was more obvious in eyes with a shallower anterior chamber (p = 0.008) and a thicker lens (p = 0.025). Conclusions: Axial length measurements showed excellent long-term reproducibility at 2 years after combined phacovitrectomy. Myopic shifts were observed after combined phacovitrectomy, which was probably due to changes in the effective lens position after combined phacovitrectomy, rather than to changes in the axial length.

scholarly journals One-Year Visual and Refractive Outcomes following LASIK for Myopia and Myopic Astigmatism with MEL 90 versus Schwind Amaris 750S Excimer Laser: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sheetal Brar ◽  
Dishitha P. Rathod ◽  
C. R. Roopashree ◽  
Sri Ganesh
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Excimer Laser ◽  
Infectious Keratitis ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Refractive Outcomes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Myopic Astigmatism

Purpose. To compare clinical outcomes following LASIK for myopia performed with MEL 90 vs. Schwind Amaris 750S excimer laser. Methods. Data were collected retrospectively for patients who underwent Femto-LASIK, using the MEL 90 and Schwind Amaris 750S excimer laser for correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism within the range of −1.00 to −10.00 D SE from January 2013 till June 2018. Outcomes were analysed at 12 months for safety, efficacy, enhancement rate, and long-term complications. Results. A total of 328 eyes of 328 patients were analysed. One hundred and sixty-three eyes were treated with Schwind Amaris and the remaining 165 eyes with the MEL 90 laser. Twelve months postoperatively, the mean UDVA, CDVA, residual SE, and cylinder in the Amaris group were −0.10 ± 0.09 logMAR, −0.14 ± 0.06 logMAR, −0.21 ± 0.22 D, −0.13 ± 0.18 D versus −0.05 ± 0.07 logMAR, −0.09 ± 0.08 logMAR, −0.23 ± 0.23 D, and −0.14 ± 0.21 D for the MEL 90 group ( p values >0.05). For the Amaris group, safety and efficacy indices were 1.12 and 1.02, whereas for the MEL 90 group, these indices were 1.08 and 1.00, respectively. No eye in either group had any postop flap-related complications, infectious keratitis, diffuse lamellar keratitis, or keratectasia. Two eyes in the Amaris and 4 eyes in MEL 90 group required enhancement for the progression of myopia. Conclusion. At 12 months, both Schwind Amaris 750S and MEL 90 lasers demonstrated comparable clinical outcomes for myopic LASIK in a single surgeon setting.

scholarly journals Conditional Variance Forecasts for Long-Term Stock Returns

Risks ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enno Mammen ◽  
Jens Perch Nielsen ◽  
Michael Scholz ◽  
Stefan Sperlich
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Conditional Variance ◽  
Price Ratio ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Smoothing Parameters ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

In this paper, we apply machine learning to forecast the conditional variance of long-term stock returns measured in excess of different benchmarks, considering the short- and long-term interest rate, the earnings-by-price ratio, and the inflation rate. In particular, we apply in a two-step procedure a fully nonparametric local-linear smoother and choose the set of covariates as well as the smoothing parameters via cross-validation. We find that volatility forecastability is much less important at longer horizons regardless of the chosen model and that the homoscedastic historical average of the squared return prediction errors gives an adequate approximation of the unobserved realised conditional variance for both the one-year and five-year horizon.

Identifying Effectors of Outcomes in Patients with Large Umbilical Hernias

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 613-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Groene ◽  
Davis W. Heniford ◽  
Tanushree Prasad ◽  
Amy E. Lincourt ◽  
Vedra A. Augenstein
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Hernia ◽  
Defect Size ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Preoperative Pain ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
One Year

Quality of life (QOL) has become an important focus of hernia repair outcomes. This study aims to identify factors which lead to ideal outcomes (asymptomatic and without recurrence) in large umbilical hernias (defect size ≥9 cm2). Review of the prospective International Hernia Mesh Registry was performed. The Carolinas Comfort Scale was used to measure QOL at 1-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up. Demographics, operative details, complications, and QOL data were evaluated using standard statistical methods. Forty-four large umbilical hernia repairs were analyzed. Demographics included: average age 53.6 ± 12.0 and body mass index 34.9 ± 7.2 kg/m2. The mean defect size was 21.7 ± 16.9 cm2, and 72.7 per cent were performed laparoscopically. Complications included hematoma (2.3%), seroma (12.6%), and recurrence (9.1%). Follow-up and ideal outcomes were one month = 28.2 per cent, six months = 42.9 per cent, one year = 55.6 per cent. All patients who remained symptomatic at one and two years were significantly symptomatic before surgery. Symptomatic preoperative activity limitation was a significant predictor of nonideal outcomes at one year ( P = 0.02). Symptomatic preoperative pain was associated with nonideal outcomes at one year, though the difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.06). Operative technique, mesh choice, and fixation technique did not impact recurrence or QOL. Repair of umbilical hernia with defects ≥9 cm2 had a surprising low rate of ideal outcomes (asymptomatic and no recurrence). All patients with nonideal long-term outcomes had preoperative pain and activity limitations. These data may suggest that umbilical hernia should be repaired when they are small and asymptomatic.

scholarly journals Temporal reproducibility of taurine measurements in frozen serum of healthy postmenopausal women

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 629-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oktawia P. Wójcik ◽  
Karen L. Koenig ◽  
Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte ◽  
Max Costa ◽  
Yu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Health Study ◽  
New York University ◽  
Single Measurement ◽  
The Mean

Animal studies and small clinical trials have shown that taurine (2-aminoethanesulphonic acid), a sulphur-containing molecule mainly obtained from the diet in human subjects, has a variety of biological actions that are related to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular functions. However, epidemiological studies of taurine and CHD risk are lacking. We evaluated whether a single measurement of serum taurine could serve as an estimate for long-term serum levels. Serum taurine was measured using HPLC in three annual samples from thirty postmenopausal women selected from the New York University Women's Health Study. Overall, serum taurine values ranged from 62·8 to 245·3 nmol/ml, with a mean of 140 nmol/ml. The intraclass correlation coefficient of a single measurement of serum taurine was 0·48 (95 % CI 0·26, 0·68), which can be improved to 0·65 by using the mean of two annual measurements. The CV was 7 %. These results indicate that the mean of two or more annual measurements of serum taurine is a sufficiently reliable measure of long-term serum levels that can be used in epidemiological studies.

Liver function tests and one year risperidone treatment in children and adolescents

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 280-280
Author(s):  
A. Erdogan ◽  
N. Yurteri ◽  
A.E. Tufan ◽  
H. Ankarali ◽  
E. Demirci
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Antipsychotic Agent ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Risperidone Treatment

ObjectiveRisperidone is an atypical antipsychotic agent, despite its many advantages and widespread use, there is increasing attention to the adverse effects associated with long-term exposure to this drug.We aimed to investigate the changes in the liver function tests (LFTs) associated with one year risperidone treatment in children and adolescents.MethodsOne hundred youths who treated with risperidone more than one year were included in the study. For this study, patients’ baseline and follow-up weight and hepatobiliary function tests including alanine aminotransferases(ALT) and aspartat aminotransferases (AST), gamma gluatamyl transerase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and serum bilirubin levels were measured baseline, after the treatment period of six months and one year.ResultsAsymptomatic liver function test abnormalities mostly ALP elevation was found in subjects treated with risperidone. The mean levels of liver enzymes and billuribin of the patients were significantly higher after one year of treatment than the baseline. Also the mean levels of liver enzymes and billuribin of the patients were significantly higher after one year of treatment than the six months. There was significant association between changes in weight, risperidone dose and liver enzymes and billuribin levels.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that risperidone treatment in the long term commonly leads to liver function changes however it rarely may induce a serious hepatic toxicity at therapeutic doses in children and adolescents.

The effectiveness of TBL with real patients in neurology education in terms of knowledge retention, in-class engagement, and learner reactions

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Kemal Alimoglu ◽  
Selda Yardım ◽  
Hilmi Uysal
Keyword(s):  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Retention Test ◽  
Knowledge Retention ◽  
Learner Engagement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exam Scores ◽  
One Year ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Real Patients

In our medical school, we changed from a lecture-based method to a team-based learning (TBL) method to teach “polyneuropathies” in the neurology clerkship starting from the 2014 to 2015 academic year. Real patients were used instead of written scenarios in TBL sessions. This study aimed to compare former lecture-based and the current TBL methods in terms of knowledge retention, in-class learner engagement, and learner reactions. First, we determined in-class engagement and satisfaction of the students for the lectures given in the 2013–2014 academic year. The following year, besides the same criteria, we also determined individual (IRAT) and group readiness test (GRAT) scores in the TBL group. End-of-clerkship exam scores for both groups were recorded. Additionally, opinions of patients about their experiences throughout the TBL process were determined. One year later (2015 for lecture and 2016 for TBL), both groups sat for an MCQ test to determine their knowledge retention levels. We found no difference between groups regarding end-of-clerkship exam scores. The mean knowledge retention test score of the TBL group was significantly higher than that of the lecture group (5.85 ± 1.74 vs. 3.28 ± 1.70). The differences between IRAT, GRAT, and retention test scores in the TBL group were significant. The mean student satisfaction score on a five-point scale was 3.01 ± 0.9 (median = 3) in the lecture group and 4.11 ± 1.1 (median = 4) in the TBL group. Our results seem encouraging for use of TBL performed with real patients in neurology education to achieve better long-term knowledge retention and higher in-class engagement and student satisfaction.

THE PROFILE OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS IN GENERAL PRACTICE

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. e4.6-e4
Author(s):  
Sophie Binks ◽  
Liz Green
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Flu Vaccination ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Primary Care Professionals

IntroductionMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a long-term neurological condition requiring a multi-disciplinary team approach. Recently, NICE highlighted the role of primary care professionals in MS management through an updated clinical guideline. This quality improvement project investigated aspects of MS patient care in a large Brighton GP practice.MethodElectronic GP records were searched to identify all currently registered patients with a diagnosis of MS. Details of initial presentation, epidemiology and care received over a one-year period were examined.ResultsThere were 19 patients, representing a prevalence of 186 per 100,000. Most patients first presented in GP with sensory disturbance, optic neuritis or motor symptoms. The mean number of primary care contacts per patient per year was 4.3, compared to 0.4 contacts per person per year with a neurologist and 0.5 with the MS nurse. 46% of GP consultations were wholly or partially related to the patient's MS. Around half of patients took up proactive interventions such as flu vaccination (47%) and Vitamin D monitoring (50%).ConclusionsPrimary care professionals are significant contributors to the care of people with MS with frequent patient contact. During this project, patients were reminded of preventive care opportunities and this will be re-audited in 2015.

scholarly journals One-Year Analysis of the Refractive Stability, Axial Elongation and Related Factors in a High Myopia Population after Implantable Collamer Lens Implantation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Chen ◽  
Zhi Chen ◽  
Huamao Miao ◽  
Xuanqi Wang ◽  
Xiaoying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axial Length ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Implantable Collamer Lens ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Axial Elongation ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Corrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽  
Length Changes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the refractive stability, axial length changes and their related factors in a high myopia population after Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) implantation.Methods: This prospective study included 116 eyes of 116 patients divided into several groups based on the spherical equivalent refractive error (SE)—SE > -6D, -12 ≤ SE < -6D and SE < -12D groups—and axial length (AL)—AL < 28mm and AL ≥ 28mm groups. The uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity, refraction, axial length and intraocular pressure were followed for 1 year.Results: SE changed from -11.53 ± 5.25D preoperatively to -0.33 ± 0.70D at 1 week, and further changed to -0.48 ± 0.77D at 1 year after ICL implantation, with average progression being -0.15 ± 0.37D from 1 week to 1 year after surgery. Axial length changed from 27.95 ± 2.33mm preoperatively to 27.98 ± 2.36mm 1 year after surgery, with an average axial elongation of 0.03 ± 0.12mm. The mean axial elongation rate was 0.05mm/year in the SE < -12D group, being significantly faster than the other SE groups (P < 0.05); it was 0.06mm/year in the AL ≥ 28mm group, being significantly faster than the AL < 28mm group (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Patients with high myopia and long axial length showed a continuous myopic progression and axial elongation at an adult age after ICL surgery, especially those with myopia higher than -12.0D and AL longer than 28.00mm.

scholarly journals Swept-source OCT reduces the risk of axial length measurement errors in eyes with cataract and epiretinal membranes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257654
Author(s):  
Francesco Faraldi ◽  
Carlo Alessandro Lavia ◽  
Marco Nassisi ◽  
Raphael A. Kilian ◽  
Daniela Bacherini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axial Length ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Partial Coherence ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Epiretinal Membranes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Macular Pseudohole ◽  
Swept Source Oct

Aims To compare the biometric data from partial coherence interferometry (PCI) and swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) in patients with age-related cataract and epiretinal membrane (ERM): ERM, ERM with foveoschisis and macular pseudohole. Methods 49 eyes of 49 subjects including 36 ERM, 9 ERM foveoschisis and 4 macular pseudohole were analysed to evaluate the axial length (AL) measurements and the presence of AL measurement errors, defined basing on the shape of the biometric output graphs and on the concordance of AL values between instruments. Eyes with ERM were divided in four stages according to OCT features (i.e. presence/absence of the foveal pit, presence of ectopic inner foveal layers, disrupted retinal layers). Results The devices provided similar mean AL measurements in all subgroups, with differences <0.1 mm in 41/49 cases (83.6%). AL measurement errors were observed in ERM stages 3 and 4, characterized by ectopic inner foveal layers, and were significantly more frequent with the PCI (8/17, 47%) as compared with the SS-OCT device (2/17, 12%), p = 0.02. The refractive prediction error in cases with AL measurement errors was significantly greater using the PCI compared to the SS-OCT device (p<0.05). Conclusion Both devices provide reliable biometric data in the majority of patients and can be used in the preoperative assessment of patients with age-related cataract and ERM. In eyes with ectopic inner foveal layers, attention should be paid as AL measurement and refractive prediction errors may occur, more frequently with the PCI device.

scholarly journals Congenital and developmental cataract surgery with undercorrected Intraocular lens (IOL) power implantation targeting emmetropia at 8 years of age and post-operative refractive status

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
Kabindra Bajracharya ◽  
Anjita Hirachan ◽  
Kriti Joshi ◽  
Bimala Bajracharya
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Intraocular Lens ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Iol Implantation ◽  
Refractive Status ◽  
Developmental Cataract ◽  
Iol Power ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Background: In congenital and developmental cataract primary undercorrection of intraocular lens (IOL) power is a common practice. However, long-term refractive status of these children is largely unknown. Aims and Objective: To analyse refractive status after cataract surgery with undercorrected IOL power implantation in congenital and developmental cataract. Materials and Methods: This study was descriptive, retrospective conducted for three years from 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2015. The children (> 6 months to <=7 years of age) who underwent cataract surgery for congenital and developmental cataract with a primary IOL implantation and had reached the age of 8 years were studied. The data were collected in terms of demography, axial length, biometry, IOL implanted, hyperopic correction and postoperative refractive status at 8 years. Results: Total numbers of children operated were 181 with total eyes 288. Unilateral cases were 74 (40.88%) and bilateral 107 (59.12%). Male were 121 (66.85%) and female were 60 (33.15%) with male is to female ratio of 2:1. Right eye was involved in 152 (52.8%) and left eye 136 (47.2%). The mean axial length at the age of one year was 20.75 mm, and gradually increased as age increased which was 22.47 mm at 6 years. The mean biometry was 27.9 diopter (D) at the age of one year which gradually decreased as age increased. Of the total 288 congenital cataract operated, complete follow-up documents were available for 77 (26.74%) eyes up to 8 years which showed emmetropia achieved in 25.97%, myopia in 28.57% and hypermetropia in 45.45%. Conclusion: Primary IOL implantation with hyperopic correction is accepted practice in congenital and developmental cataract. Emmetropia can be achieved however some hyperopic or myopic refractive status at the age of 8 years is not a surprise. Myopic shift continues as the age increases. Parent awareness for early detection and surgery, optical correction and regular follow-up are essential for good outcome.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document