scholarly journals Trajectories of Short Physical Performance Battery Are Strongly Associated with Future Major Mobility Disability: Results from the LIFE Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2332
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Brown ◽  
Wei-Hsuan Lo-Ciganic ◽  
Hui Shao ◽  
Marco Pahor ◽  
Todd M. Manini
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Short Physical Performance Battery ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
Mobility Disability ◽  
Life Study ◽  
Group Assignment

Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) assessment is a widely used measure of lower extremity function, strength, and balance. In the Lifestyles Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) Study, baseline SPPB and changes throughout the trial were strongly associated with major mobility disability (MMD). This study further investigated this association by identifying trajectories of SPPB and evaluating the predictive validity of SPPB trajectories for future MMD. Participants (n = 1635) aged 70–89 years were randomized to a physical activity or health education intervention and assessed every 6 months for MMD. We used group-based trajectory models (GBTMs) to identify trajectories of a binary outcome for a decrease from baseline SPPB of ≥1. Multinomial logistic regression explored baseline factors associated with group membership. Survival analyses evaluated the association between trajectories with MMD. The GBTM identified a 3-group model which included a “No Decline” group (46.0%), “Late Decline” group (27.7%), and an “Early Decline” group (26.3%). Adjusting for all other baseline characteristics, group assignment during the previous follow-up visit was strongly associated with MMD at the subsequent period. Comparisons between groups showed a 2-to-3-fold increase in MMD comparing the “Late” to “No” decline group and a 4-to-5-fold increase in MMD comparing the “Early” to “No” decline group. Group membership and impact on MMD was not different between intervention arms. Group-based trajectories of SPPB scores identified distinct subgroups in LIFE Study participants. Using these group assignments in outcome models were highly associated with MMD. GBTMs have potential to identify and improve prediction of aging-related decline to better design and identify patients for interventions.

scholarly journals Comparison of Two Electronic Physical Performance Batteries by Measurement Time and Sarcopenia Classification

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5147
Author(s):  
Chan Mi Park ◽  
Hee-Won Jung ◽  
Il-Young Jang ◽  
Ji Yeon Baek ◽  
Seongjun Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Short Physical Performance Battery ◽  
Standing Balance ◽  
Measurement Time ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Balance Tests ◽  
Chair Rise

Background: The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is a widely accepted test for measuring lower extremity function in older adults. However, there are concerns regarding the examination time required to conduct a complete SPPB consisting of three components (walking speed, chair rise, and standing balance tests) in clinical settings. We aimed to assess specific examination times for each component of the electronic Short Physical Performance Battery (eSPPB) and compare the ability of the original three-component examinations (eSPPB) and a faster, two-component examination without a balance test (electronic Quick Physical Performance Battery, eQPPB) to classify sarcopenia. Methods: The study was a retrospective, cross-sectional study which included 124 ambulatory outpatients who underwent physical performance examination at a geriatric clinic of a tertiary, academic hospital in Seoul, Korea, between December 2020 and March 2021. For eSPPB, we used a toolkit containing sensors and software (Dyphi, Daejeon, Korea) developed to measure standing balance, walking speed, and chair rise test results. Component-specific time stamps were used to log the raw data. Duration of balance examination, 5 times sit-to-stand test (5XSST), and walking speed examination were calculated. Sarcopenia was determined using the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) guideline. Results: The median age was 78 years (interquartile range, IQR: 73,82) and 77 subjects (62.1%) were female. The total mean eSPPB test time was 124.8 ± 29.0 s (balance test time 61.8 ± 12.3 s, 49.5%; gait speed test time 34.3 ± 11.9 s, 27.5%; and 5XSST time 28.7 ± 19.1 s, 23.0%). The total mean eQPPB test time was 63.0 ± 25.4 s. Based on the AWGS criteria, 34 (27.4%) patient’s results were consistent with sarcopenia. C-statistics for classifying sarcopenia were 0.83 for eSPPB and 0.85 for eQPPB (p = 0.264), while eQPPB took 49.5% less measurement time compared with eSPPB. Conclusion: Breakdowns of eSPPB test times were identified. Omitting balance tests may reduce test time without significantly affecting the classifying ability of eSPPB for sarcopenia.

Illicit Stimulant Use Development in Adolescence and Early Adulthood Among Juvenile Offenders: Risk Factors Predicting Heterogeneity

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Wojciechowski
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Data Race ◽  
Stimulant Use ◽  
Group Assignment ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
History Of

The objectives of this article are to identify groups of trajectories of stimulant use across adolescence and early adulthood among juvenile offenders and to identify risk factors predicting development. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify developmental subgroups of stimulant users during the study period. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine baseline covariates’ relevance for predicting assignment to identified trajectory groups. A six-group model of stimulant use was found to best fit the data. Race, history of direct victimization at baseline, gender, low school commitment at baseline, low religiosity at baseline, and other substance use at baseline were all identified as predictors of trajectory group assignment. Juvenile offenders, particularly White and female offenders, are at elevated risk of illicit stimulant use during adolescence and early adulthood. Despite this, the vast majority of juvenile offenders in the sample had desisted by age 23, differing from research on other substances using this same sample.

Valoración de la capacidad funcional en ancianos mayores de 70 años con la escala Short Physical Performance Battery

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Martínez Monje ◽  
Jhon Mauricio Cortés Gálvez ◽  
Yamil Cartagena Pérez ◽  
Carmen Alfonso Cano ◽  
María Isabel Sánchez López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Short Physical Performance Battery ◽  
Vitamina D

<p><strong>Objetivos: </strong>valorar la capacidad funcional de las personas mayores de 70 años según la escala <em>Short Physical Performance Battery</em> (sppb), para detectar incapacidad funcional precoz/prefragilidad y analizar la relación entre la puntuación del cuestionario y los niveles de calcio, albúmina y vitamina D. <strong>Métodos: </strong>estudio descriptivo transversal que incluyó a 77 pacientes mayores de 70 años que acudieron a consulta con su médico familiar por diversos motivos. Se les aplicó la escala<strong> </strong>sppb y se midieron valores de calcio, albúmina y vitamina D. Se consideró prefragilidad cuando la puntuación obtenida del spbb fue menor a 10. <strong>Resultados</strong>: la puntuación global del cuestionario fue de 7.75 ±2.72 puntos, lo cual colocó a 67.5% de los pacientes en prefragilidad. Se determinó una correlación entre la puntuación global y la puntuación por secciones; la velocidad al andar cuatro metros fue la sección con el mayor coeficiente de correlación con la puntuación total. Los niveles de vitamina D, calcio o albúmina no se correlacionaron con la puntuación del cuestionario<strong> </strong>sppb. <strong>Conclusiones: </strong>el porcentaje de pacientes prefrágiles por encima de 70 años fue muy alto. Se propone la utilización de la velocidad de la marcha (1.9 ±0.5 min) para aquellos médicos que tengan saturación de pacientes, ya que presentó la relación lineal directa más fuerte con la realización completa del cuestionario sppb.</p>

scholarly journals Mediating effects of lower extremity function on the relationship between night sleep duration and cardiovascular disease risk: a cross-sectional study in elderly Chinese without cardiovascular diseases

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e046015
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyu Chen ◽  
Peipei Han ◽  
Weibo Ma ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Night Sleep ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Elderly Chinese ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating effect of physical performance on the relationship between night sleep duration and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in elderly Chinese without CVD.Methods782 participants without CVD over 65 years (average: 70.82±3.86 years, 448 women) were included in this study. CVD risk was calculated by the Framingham Risk Score and participants were divided into four groups of night sleep duration (in hours): <7 hours, ≥7–8 hours, >8–9 hours and >9 hours. Upper extremity function was measured by grip strength and lower extremity function was measured by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), consisting of balance, 4 m walk and chair stands tests.ResultsAfter adjusting for covariates, long night sleep duration (>9 hours) and CVD risk were significantly positively associated compared with moderate night sleep duration (≥7–8 hours) (β=1.152; 95% CI 0.05 to 2.25). SPPB total score (indirect effect ab=−0.122; 95% CI −0.291 to –0.0008) rather than grip strength partially mediated the relationship between long night sleep duration and CVD risk, in which chair stands played a major mediating role (indirect effect ab=−0.171; 95% CI −0.040 to –0.0006), while balance (indirect effect ab=−0.016; 95% CI −0.100 to 0.063) and 4 m walk (indirect effect ab=0.048; 95% CI −0.066 to 0.201) did not.ConclusionsLower extremity function, especially lower limb muscle strength, partially mediates a positive association between long night sleep duration and CVD risk in the elderly without CVD. Suitable interventions for physical performance and sleep may minimise the risk of subsequent CVD.

Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score as a discriminator of dynapenic abdominal obesity among community-dwelling older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-472
Author(s):  
Elane Priscila Rosa dos Santos ◽  
Caroline Fátima Ribeiro Silva ◽  
Daniela Gonçalves Ohara ◽  
Areolino Pena Matos ◽  
Ana Carolina Pereira Nunes Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Short Physical Performance Battery ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Native language identification and writing proficiency

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristopher Kyle ◽  
Scott A. Crossley ◽  
YouJin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Group Membership ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
First Language ◽  
Language Identification ◽  
Writing Proficiency ◽  
Proficiency Levels ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study evaluates the impact of writing proficiency on native language identification (NLI), a topic that has important implications for the generalizability of NLI models and detection-based arguments for cross-linguistic influence (Jarvis 2010, 2012; CLI). The study uses multinomial logistic regression to classify the first language (L1) group membership of essays at two proficiency levels based on systematic lexical and phrasal choices made by members of five L1 groups. The results indicate that lower proficiency essays are significantly easier to classify than higher proficiency essays, suggesting that lower proficiency writers make lexical and phrasal choices that are more similar to other lower proficiency writers that share an L1 than higher proficiency writers that share an L1. A close analysis of the findings also indicates that the relationship between NLI accuracy and proficiency differed across L1 groups.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document