scholarly journals Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Neurodegenerative Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Pellegrini ◽  
Aldo Vagge ◽  
Lorenzo Ferro Desideri ◽  
Federico Bernabei ◽  
Giacinto Triolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Microvascular Damage ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Retinal Microcirculation

Retinal microcirculation shares similar features with cerebral small blood vessels. Thus, the retina may be considered an accessible ‘window’ to detect the microvascular damage occurring in the setting of neurodegenerative disorders. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) is a non-invasive imaging modality providing depth resolved images of blood flow in the retina, choroid, and optic nerve. In this review, we summarize the current literature on the application of OCT-A in glaucoma and central nervous system conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis. Future directions aiming at evaluating whether OCT-A can be an additional biomarker for the early diagnosis and monitoring of neurodegenerative disorders are also discussed.

scholarly journals Optical coherence tomography angiography of foveal neovascularisation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. e230382
Author(s):  
Deven Dhurandhar ◽  
Padmaja Kumari Rani
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Diabetic Macular Oedema ◽  
Hypertensive Retinopathy ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Non Invasive

A 52-year-old man, a known case of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension, who presented to us with bilateral diminution of vision since 1 year. He was diagnosed as a case of bilateral proliferative diabetic retinopathy and hypertensive retinopathy. A non-invasive imaging modality, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), detected foveal neovascularisation in a background of diffuse diabetic macular oedema which would have been obscured by other investigations like fluorescein angiography.

scholarly journals Optical coherence tomography angiography in diabetic retinopathy: a review of current applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Yuan Tey ◽  
Kelvin Teo ◽  
Anna C. S. Tan ◽  
Kavya Devarajan ◽  
Bingyao Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Non Invasive

Abstract Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss in adults. Currently, the standard imaging technique to monitor and prognosticate DR and diabetic maculopathy is dye-based angiography. With the introduction of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), it may serve as a potential rapid, non-invasive imaging modality as an adjunct. Main text Recent studies on the role of OCTA in DR include the use of vascular parameters e.g., vessel density, intercapillary spacing, vessel diameter index, length of vessels based on skeletonised OCTA, the total length of vessels, vascular architecture and area of the foveal avascular zone. These quantitative measures may be able to detect changes with the severity and progress of DR for clinical research. OCTA may also serve as a non-invasive imaging method to detect diabetic macula ischemia, which may help predict visual prognosis. However, there are many limitations of OCTA in DR, such as difficulty in segmentation between superficial and deep capillary plexus; and its use in diabetic macula edema where the presence of cystic spaces may affect image results. Future applications of OCTA in the anterior segment include detection of anterior segment ischemia and iris neovascularisation associated with proliferative DR and risk of neovascular glaucoma. Conclusion OCTA may potentially serve as a useful non-invasive imaging tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy in the future. Future studies may demonstrate how quantitative OCTA measures may have a role in detecting early retinal changes in patients with diabetes.

scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Retinal Microvascular Changes in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Of Diabetic Retinopathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Prettyla Yollamanda ◽  
Arief Kartasasmita ◽  
Iwan Sovani ◽  
Erwin Iskandar ◽  
Rova Virgana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Microvascular Changes

Introduction: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a common microvascular complication in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) that can cause visual impairment and blindness in adult populations. Retinal microvascular changes, reflecting capillary drop out, non perfusion, and retinal ischemia seen in patients with DM can be assessed not only qualitatively, but also quantitatively with the introduction of a new, non invasive imaging modality Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA), avoiding potential advese risks that can occur with the use of dye-injection imaging technique. We quantified retinal microvascular changes in healthy control eyes and Diabetic Retinopathy using OCTA. Methods: A cross sectional study included 13 eyes of 9 patients with DR, consists of 11 eyes with Non Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR) and 2 eyes with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) and 5 eyes of 5 age-matched controls. Participants were imaged with commercial OCTA device (CIRRUS HD-OCT 5000 Angioplex). We analyzed in the Superficial Capillary Plexus (SCP) the following OCTA parameters : Vessel Density (VD), Foveal Avascular Zone (FAZ) area, and FAZ circularity. Result: Normal eyes had a higher mean VD, FAZ circularity (p >0.05) and lower mean FAZ area ( p <0.05) in the SCP compared with the DR (NPDR + PDR) group. If we excluded the PDR eyes from the analytic data, mean VD and FAZ area were found to be lower in control group, and mean FAZ circularity was higher. However, no quantitative parameters were statistically significant between control group and NPDR group. Conclusion: Microvascular changes in DR can be assessed with the use of Optical Coherence Tomography Angioraphy, which is non invasive and provides high quality of images acquired from the chosen level of retina.

scholarly journals Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Manish Nagpal ◽  
Gujarat India ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Clinical Scenarios

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a new revolutionary non-invasive imaging modality, built on the platform of optical coherence tomography (OCT). This technique works on the principle of ‘decorrelation’ and is still a nascent technology in its infancy with tremendous potential applicability for diagnosing retinal and choroidal vascular diseases. Its non-invasive nature, and the ability to generate images of retinal and choroidal vasculature, allows it to replace and/or supplement the current angiographic gold standards, fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), if not in all but certainly in most retinal and choroidal pathologies. Still, there exists a major challenge in terms of its wide-scale availability, equipment and processing techniques, presence of artifacts, limitations of imaging capability, and lack of common vocabulary among retinal specialists for interpretation. In this review we intend to describe this novel technique by highlighting its key features, and comparing it with FA and ICGA. We will also discuss its applicability in various clinical scenarios such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinal venous occlusion, choroiditis, and in routine practice. Further studies are needed to more definitively determine OCTA’s utility in the clinical setting and to establish if this technology may offer a non-invasive option of visualizing the retinal vasculature in detail.

Retinal microcirculation abnormalities in patients with systemic sclerosis: an explorative optical coherence tomography angiography study

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Carnevali ◽  
Giuseppe Giannaccare ◽  
Valentina Gatti ◽  
Caterina Battaglia ◽  
Giorgio Randazzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Digital Ulcers ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Vascular Abnormalities ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Retinal Microcirculation ◽  
Vascular Plexuses

Abstract Objectives To investigate subclinical and clinical abnormalities in retinal and choroidal vascular plexuses in patients with SSc by means of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Methods A total of 20 consecutive SSc patients were recruited and compared with 20 healthy subjects. Quantitative analysis of vessel density (VD), choriocapillaris plexus flow index (CCP-FI) and choroidal vascularity index were performed on OCT-A images in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) and CCP for all patients. Images were further reviewed by two independent readers for the assessment of qualitative abnormalities, including tortuosity, rarefaction areas, megacapillaries and macular-foveal capillaries. Results The DCP-VD in the whole scan and in the perifoveal, superior, inferior, nasal and temporal regions was significantly lower in the SSc group. The CCP-FI was significantly higher in SSc patients. When comparing SSc patients with and without digital ulcers, significantly decreased SCP-VD was demonstrated in the whole, perifoveal, superior, inferior, temporal and nasal regions. No difference in any of the OCT-A parameters was observed when comparing patients with and without interstitial lung disease. Qualitative analysis of OCT-A revealed at least one abnormality in 95% of patients. Conclusion We showed the ability of OCT-A to disclose early ocular vascular abnormalities in patients with SSc. Our results may represent a hypothesis-generating basis for exploring the potential role of OCT-A in diagnosis, monitoring and prognosis stratification in SSc.

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