scholarly journals Accuracy of Different Indexes of Body Composition and Adiposity in Identifying Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Subjects with Prader-Willi Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Radetti ◽  
Antonio Fanolla ◽  
Fiorenzo Lupi ◽  
Alessandro Sartorio ◽  
Graziano Grugni
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Better Than

(1) Objective: To compare the accuracy of different indexes of adiposity and/or body composition in identifying metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adult patients suffering from Prader‒Willi syndrome (PWS). (2) Study Design: One hundred and twenty PWS patients (69 females and 51 males), aged 29.1 ± 9.4 years, body mass index (BMI) 36.7 ± 9.9, were evaluated. The following indexes were assessed in each subject: body mass index (BMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), fat mass index (FMI), tri-ponderal mass index (TMI), waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) and the body mass fat index (BMFI), which adjusts the BMI for the percentage of body fat and waist circumference. Thereafter, a threshold value adjusted for age and sex, which could identify MetS, was calculated for each index. (3) Results: A significant correlation was found among all indexes (p < 0.0001 for all). However, when the area under the curve (AUC) was compared, BMFI performed better than FMI (p < 0.05) and BMI better than TMI (p < 0.05), but only in females. (4) Conclusions: Besides small differences, all the indexes taken into consideration seem to have the same ability to identify MetS in adults with PWS. Consequently, the most easily calculated index, i.e., BMI, should be considered as the best choice. The use of thresholds appropriate for sex and age can further improve its accuracy.

scholarly journals Estimación del riesgo cardiovascular por composición corporal total

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Oscar Medina ◽  
Juan Manuel Sarmiento ◽  
Larry Quinn ◽  
Sonia Merlano ◽  
Fabian Antonio Dávila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introducción: La obesidad y la adiposidad están relacionadas con el aumento del riesgo cardiovascular. El índice de masa corporal (IMC) y el perímetro abdominal son las variables antropométricas más utilizadas para evaluar su magnitud. El presente estudio busca establecer la relación entre desenlaces cardiometabólicos y la adiposidad medida con Absorciometría Dual por rayos X (DXA), así como el rendimiento diagnóstico de la misma contra la medición de las variables antropométricas convencionales. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional de corte transversal; se calcularon las variables antropométricas y de composición corporal para 60 pacientes en programa de rehabilitación cardiaca fase II. Resultados: Existió mayor prevalencia de obesidad por IMC y adiposidad en mujeres que en hombres (p=0,01 y 0,048). La curva ROC encontró que el rendimiento del perímetro abdominal es solo 65% y el del IMC del 65,6% para el diagnóstico de adiposidad. Se encontraron relaciones significativas entre porcentaje de masa grasa elevado y la enfermedad coronaria (OR: 1,9 p= 0,042); el IMC aumentado con la hipertensión arterial (OR: 3,0 p= 0,0334) y el LDL > 70 mg/dl (OR: 0,4 p= 0,0178); el perímetro abdominal aumentado con la falla cardiaca (OR: 0,58 p=0,0382); la TMB baja con la hipertensión arterial (OR: 1,70 p= 0,046) y finalmente el IIRME disminuido con el LDL > 70 mg/dl y la falla cardiaca (OR: 0,4 p= 0,0178 y OR 1,96 p=0,078, respectivamente).Conclusiones: La suma de la medición de las variables antropométricas y de composición corporal por DXA ofrece información valiosa para el estudio y estimación del riesgo cardiovascular y metabólico de los pacientes. Abstract Introduction: Obesity and adiposity are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. The body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference are the most anthropometric variables used to assess their magnitude. This study aims to establish the relationship between adiposity and cardiometabolic outcomes measured by Dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) as well as the diagnostic performance of the latter against the measurement of the conventional anthropometric variables. Materials and methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted; anthropometric and body composition variables for 60 patients in cardiac rehabilitation program phase II were calculated. Results: There was a higher prevalence of obesity by BMI and adiposity in women than in men (p = 0.01 and 0.048). The ROC curve found that the performance is only 65% for waist circumference and 65.6% for BMI for the diagnosis of adiposity. Significant correlations between high percentage of fat mass and coronary heart disease (OR: 1.9 p = 0.042) were found; as well as for increased BMI with hypertension (OR: 3.0 p = 0.0334) and LDL> 70mg/dl (OR: 0.4 p = 0.0178); increased waist circumference with heart failure (OR: 0.58 p = 0.0382); low basal metabolic rate (BMR) with hypertension (OR: 1.70 p = 0.046) and finally the decreased fat free mass index (FFMI) with LDL>70mg/dl and heart failure (OR: 0.4 p = 0.0178 and OR: 1.96 p = 0.078 respectively). Conclusions: The addition of body composition variables by DXA and anthropometric variables, provides valuable information for the study and estimation of cardiovascular and metabolic risk. Key Words: Obesity; DEXA Scans; Coronary Disease; BodyComposition; Body Mass Index; Adiposity.

Body Image, Body Mass Index, and Body Composition: In Young Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica M. Streeter ◽  
Robin R. Milhausen ◽  
Andrea C. Buchholz
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Esteem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
External Attribution

Purpose: Associations were examined between body image and body mass index (BMI) in comparison with body composition in healthy weight, overweight, and obese young adults. Methods: Weight and height were determined, and the percentage of fat mass (%FM) and percentage of fat-free mass (%FFM) were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in 75 male and 87 female young adults (21.1 ± 1.9 years; 25.2 ± 4.4 kg/m2 [mean ± standard deviation]). Body image was measured using the three subscales Weight Esteem, Appearance Esteem, and External Attribution of the Body-Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults (BESAA). Results: Body mass index and %FM were highly correlated (r for males = 0.74, r for females = 0.82; both p<0.001), and were inversely associated with body image, particularly Weight Esteem. After adjustment for physical activity, BMI and %FM (and %FFM, although in the opposite direction) were associated with each BESAA subscale: %FM, %FFM, and BMI explained 12% to14% of the variance in Appearance Esteem for both sexes, 33% to 41% in Weight Esteem in women and 16% to 18% in men, and 8% to 10% in External Attribution in women (all p<0.05) and <5% for men (NS). Conclusions: Clinicians should be aware that as their clients’ BMI and %FM increase, body image decreases, particularly in women.

Beyond the body mass index: tracking body composition in the pathogenesis of obesity and the metabolic syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 6-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Müller ◽  
M. Lagerpusch ◽  
J. Enderle ◽  
B. Schautz ◽  
M. Heller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Index Tracking ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals Patterns of clinical presentation of climacteric syndrome and total body composition in women with menopausal metabolic syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
Z. E. Shulukian ◽  
L. S. Tselkovich ◽  
R. B. Balter ◽  
T. V. Ivanova ◽  
A. R. Ibragimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Total Body Composition ◽  
Total Body

Introduction. Modern gynecological endocrinology widely discusses various disorders accompanying the onset of menopause. Metabolic disorders are one of the leading risk factors for the development of ischemic heart disease and vascular dystonia in menopausal women. That is why the drugs prescribed as part of menopausal hormone therapy are contraindicated for patients with severe metabolic disorders and predisposition to thrombosis. Women with a normal body mass index may develop the menopausal metabolic syndrome, since its presentations largely depend on the total body composition and the specific gravity of visceral adipose tissue.Aim. To assess the patterns of clinical presentation of menopause in women with metabolic menopausal syndrome.Materials and methods. In the furtherance of that aim, we examined 184 women who were in menopause 1 to 5 years at the age of 52 to 57 years (average age 54.2 ± 0.5 years). Of these, 87 were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome – they were included in the main group. The comparison group included 97 menopausal women without metabolic disorders.Results and discussion. We assessed the severity of clinical presentations and the total body composition of the patients in the selected groups. It has been established that the body mass index cannot serve as a criterion for evaluation of metabolic processes, despite the sufficient simplicity of its computation.Conclusions. The authentic view of the risks of metabolic disorders in menopausal women requires the study of total body composition.

Effectiveness of Deep Brain Stimulation in Reducing Body Mass Index and Weight: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
William Omar Contreras López ◽  
Paula Alejandra Navarro ◽  
Santiago Crispín
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Deep Brain

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Obesity has become a major public health concern worldwide, with current behavioral, pharmacological, and surgical treatments offering varying rates of success and adverse effects. Neurosurgical approaches to treatment of refractory obesity include deep brain stimulation (DBS) on either specific hypothalamic or reward circuitry nuclei, which might contribute to weight reduction through different mechanisms. We aimed to determine the safety and clinical effect of DBS in medical refractory obesity. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, we performed a systematic review to identify all original studies – observational and experimental – in which DBS was performed to treat refractory obesity. From database inception to April 2021, we conducted our search in PubMed, Scopus, and LILACS databases using the following MeSH terms: “Obesity” OR “Prader-Willi Syndrome” AND “Deep Brain Stimulation.” The main outcomes were safety and weight loss measured with the body mass index (BMI). The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methods were applied to evaluate the quality of evidence. This study protocol was registered with PROSPERO ID: CRD42019132929. Seven studies involving 12 patients met the inclusion criteria; the DBS target was the nucleus accumbens in four (57.1%), the lateral hypothalamic area in two (29.6%), and the ventral hypothalamus in one (14.3%). Further, 33% of participants had obesity secondary to Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and 66.6% had primary obesity. The global BMI average at baseline was 46.7 (SD: 9.6, range: 32.2–59.1), and after DBS, 42.8 (SD: 8.8, range: 25–53.9), with a mean difference of 3.9; however, the delta in PWS patients was −2.3 and 10 in those with primary obesity. The incidence of moderate side effects was 33% and included manic symptoms (<i>N</i> = 2), electrode fracture (<i>N</i> = 1), and seizure (<i>N</i> = 1); mild complications (41.6%) included skin infection (<i>N</i> = 2), difficulties falling asleep (<i>N</i> = 1), nausea (<i>N</i> = 1), and anxiety (<i>N</i> = 1). <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> Despite available small case series and case reports reporting a benefit in the treatment of refractory obesity with DBS, this study emphasizes the need for prospective studies with longer follow-ups in order to further address the efficacy and indications.

scholarly journals Seasonal and Longitudinal Changes in Body Composition by Sport-Position in NCAA Division I Basketball Athletes

Sports ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Fields ◽  
Justin Merrigan ◽  
Jason White ◽  
Margaret Jones
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Strength And Conditioning ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
Within Subjects

The purpose of this study was to assess the body composition of male and female basketball athletes (n = 323) across season, year, and sport-position using air displacement plethysmography. An independent sample t-test assessed sport-position differences. An analysis of variance was used to assess within-subjects across season (pre-season, in-season, and off-season), and academic year (freshman, sophomore, and junior). For both men and women basketball (MBB, WBB) athletes, guards had the lowest body fat, fat mass, fat free mass, and body mass. No seasonal differences were observed in MBB, but following in-season play for WBB, a reduction of (p = 0.03) in fat free mass (FFM) was observed. Across years, MBB showed an increase in FFM from freshman to sophomore year, yet remained unchanged through junior year. For WBB across years, no differences occurred for body mass (BM), body fat (BF%), and fat mass (FM), yet FFM increased from sophomore to junior year (p = 0.009). Sport-position differences exist in MBB and WBB: Guards were found to be smaller and leaner than forwards. Due to the importance of body composition (BC) on athletic performance, along with seasonal and longitudinal shifts in BC, strength and conditioning practitioners should periodically assess athletes BC to ensure preservation of FFM. Training and nutrition programming can then be adjusted in response to changes in BC.

Relationships Between the Body Mass Index and Body Composition

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita I. Wellens ◽  
Alex F. Roche ◽  
Harry J. Khamis ◽  
Andrew S. Jackson ◽  
Michael L. Pollock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body

Association of Obesity with Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1087-1090
Author(s):  
Dilip Choudhary ◽  
Sabrina Yamu Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The People ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
High Incidence

Introduction: A frequent association between metabolic syndrome with chronic idiopathic urticaria has been suggested by many studies but thorough investigations about the influence of obesity and overweight on chronic spontaneous urticaria has not been done.  Objectives: To find out the association of obesity with chronic idiopathic urticaria.  Methodology: Patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria were assessed for the body weight, height, body mass index, age of disease onset and duration of the disease.  Results: A total of 151 patients were enrolled in the study and among them 64 % were females as compared to 26 % males. The age of the patients included ranged from 17 years to 77 years. Among the patients included in study, 69 % of the patients suffering from CIU were found to be overweight and obese. The body mass index of the patient included ranged from 16.7 to 34.2 with mean of 24.3+/-4.3.  Conclusion: There is a relatively high incidence of urticaria among the people who are obese and overweight. 

scholarly journals Higher Usual Energy Intake, Body Mass, Body Mass Index, and Fat Free Mass Index Are Associated with Lower Attrition from an Arduous Military Selection Course (P23-005-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Farina ◽  
Lauren Thompson ◽  
Joseph Knapik ◽  
Stefan Pasiakos ◽  
James McClung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Energy Deficit

Abstract Objectives To determine whether usual energy intake and body composition are associated with attrition from an arduous military selection course characterized by energy deficit and strenuous physical events, including fitness tests, loaded road marches, runs, land navigation, and an obstacle course. Methods Energy intake and body composition were assessed in U.S. Army Soldiers (n = 776) at the start of a military assessment and selection course. Usual energy intake (kcal) over the previous year was estimated from a 127-item Block food frequency questionnaire. Body composition measures, including body mass (kg), body mass index (BMI, body mass in kg/height in m2), fat free mass index (FFMI, fat free mass in kg/height in m2), and fat mass index (FMI, fat mass in kg/height in m2) were assessed by calibrated scale and 3-site skinfold caliper measures. Associations between energy intake, body composition, and demographics were determined with analysis of variance. Logistic regression was used to determine likelihood of attrition [odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI)] based on quartiles of energy intake and body composition. Models were adjusted for age, education, duration of aerobic exercise, duration of strength training, smoking status, and smokeless tobacco use. Results Soldiers that were younger (18–24 y), engaged in longer duration of aerobic exercise (≥200 min/wk) and strength training (≥400 min/wk), had more education (≥some college), and were smokeless tobacco users had higher energy intakes (P < 0.05). Higher energy intake was associated with higher body mass and FFMI (P < 0.05). After adjustment, Soldiers with higher energy intake, body mass, BMI, and FFMI were less likely to fail the strenuous course (Q1 vs. Q2, Q3, and Q4: OR range = 0.25–0.54; 95% CI lower bound range = 0.15–0.33; 95% CI upper bound range = 0.46–0.87). FMI was not associated with attrition. Conclusions Optimization of body composition by adequate consumption of calories prior to a physically demanding military selection course may be associated with reduced attrition. Funding Sources Supported by U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the Army or the Department of Defense. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

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