scholarly journals Smartphones and Apps to Control Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Level in Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 693 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Begoña Martos-Cabrera ◽  
Almudena Velando-Soriano ◽  
Laura Pradas-Hernández ◽  
Nora Suleiman-Martos ◽  
Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hba1c Level ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Smartphone Apps ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic endocrine-metabolic disease, the evolution of which is closely related to people’s self-control of glycemic levels through nutrition, exercise, and medicines. Aim: To determine whether smartphone apps can help persons with diabetes to improve their % levels of glycosylated hemoglobin. Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis were done. ProQuest, Pubmed/Medline, and Scopus databases were used. The search equation used was “(Prevention and Control) AND Diabetes Mellitus AND Smartphones”. The inclusion criteria applied were clinical trials, conducted in 2014–2019. Results: n = 18 studies were included in the review. The studies tried different applications to monitor glycemia and support patients to improve glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. More than half of the studies found statistically significant differences in HbA1c in the intervention group compared with the control group. Eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis and the study sample was n = 545 for the experimental group and n = 454 for the control group. The meta-analytic estimation of the HbA1c % level means differences between intervention and control group was statistically significant in favour of the intervention group with a mean difference of –0.37 (–0.58, –0.15. 95% confidence interval). Conclusion: Smartphone apps can help people with diabetes to improve their level of HbA1c, but the clinical impact is low.

scholarly journals The Effect of Lavender (Lavandula stoechas L.) on Reducing Labor Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mohsen Kazeminia ◽  
Alireza Abdi ◽  
Aliakbar Vaisi-Raygani ◽  
Rostam Jalali ◽  
Shamarina Shohaimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Lavandula Stoechas ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background. Labor pain is one of the most severe pains, which most of women experience. By using novel supportive methods, the labor pain can be reduced, which makes this event pleasant and delightful. Several original studies have been conducted in regard to the effect of lavender on reducing labor pain, whose results are controversial. One of the applications of meta-analysis studies is to respond to these hypotheses and remove controversies; therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of lavender on labor pain in Iran by using meta-analysis. Methods. In this study, to find published articles electronically from 2006 to 2019, the published articles in national and international databases of SID, MagIran, IranMedex, IranDoc, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Embase, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science (ISI) were used. Heterogenic index between studies was determined by Cochrane test (Q)c and I2. Due to heterogeneity, the random effects model was used to estimate standardize difference of the mean score of lavender test in order to assess the labor pain between intervention and control group. Results. In this meta-analysis and systematic review, finally 13 eligible articles met the inclusion criteria of the study. The sample size from original studies enrolled in the meta-analysis entered in the intervention group was 794 individuals and in the control group was 795 individuals. Mean score for pain in the control group was 7.2 ± 0.42 and in the intervention group was 5.4 ± 0.58 and this difference was statistically significant p ≤ 0.001 . Conclusion. The results of this study showed that lavender can reduce labor pain, which can be considered by health policy makers and gynecologists.

scholarly journals Sofosbuvir with daclatasvir and the outcomes of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis with GRADE assessment

2021 ◽  
pp. postgradmedj-2021-140287
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fariz Malvi Zamzam Zein ◽  
Catur Setiya Sulistiyana ◽  
Wilson Matthew Raffaello ◽  
Arief Wibowo ◽  
Raymond Pranata
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reduce Mortality Rate ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Clinical Recovery

PurposeThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of sofosbuvir/daclatasvir (SOF/DCV) on mortality, the need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and clinical recovery in patients with COVID-19.MethodsWe performed a systematic literature search through the PubMed, Scopus and Embase from the inception of databases until 6 April 2021. The intervention group was SOF/DCV, and the control group was standard of care. The primary outcome was mortality, defined as clinically validated death. The secondary outcomes were (1) the need for ICU admission or IMV and (2) clinical recovery. The pooled effect estimates were reported as risk ratios (RRs).ResultsThere were four studies with a total of 231 patients in this meta-analysis. Three studies were randomised controlled trial, and one study was non-randomised. SOF/DCV was associated with lower mortality (RR: 0.31 (0.12, 0.78); p=0.013; I2: 0%) and reduced need for ICU admission or IMV (RR: 0.35 (0.18, 0.69); p=0.002; I2: 0%). Clinical recovery was achieved more frequently in the SOF/DCV (RR: 1.20 (1.04, 1.37); p=0.011; I2: 21.1%). There was a moderate certainty of evidence for mortality and need for ICU/IMV outcome, and a low certainty of evidence for clinical recovery. The absolute risk reductions were 140 fewer per 1000 for mortality and 186 fewer per 1000 for the need for ICU/IMV. The increase in clinical recovery was 146 more per 1000.ConclusionSOF/DCV may reduce mortality rate and need for ICU/IMV in patients with COVID-19 while increasing the chance for clinical recovery.Protocol registrationPROSPERO: CRD42021247510.

Biological effects of amniotic membrane on diabetic foot wounds: a systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (Sup2) ◽  
pp. S19-S25 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Oliveira Paggiaro ◽  
Andriws Garcia Menezes ◽  
Alexandra Donizetti Ferrassi ◽  
Viviane Fernandes De Carvalho ◽  
Rolf Gemperli
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Control Group

Objective: The amniotic membrane has biological properties that are beneficial to the wound healing process of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Our aim is to analyse the scientific evidence found in literature on the use of the amniotic membrane to stimulate DFU healing. Method: A systematic review of amniotic membrane's influence was undertaken, using the search terms ‘placenta’ ‘diabetic foot’ ‘amnion’ and biological dressing’, assessing the outcomes ‘wound healing’ and ‘wound healing time’, in DFU. Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, randomised controlled trials (RCT) were identified, and the risk of bias was analysed according to the Cochrane risk of bias tool. We conducted a meta-analysis of the two outcomes to evaluate the level of evidence. Results: We identified six clinical trials, with a total of 331 patients. The most common risks of bias in the studies were selection, attrition, and detection biases. From the meta-analysis, the difference of the intervention group (amnion) in relation to the control group was statistically significant. We found that wound healing in the group treated with amniotic membrane occurs 2.32 times more often and is 32 days faster in comparison with the group that used conventional dressings. Conclusion: There is statistical evidence to support the effectiveness of amniotic membrane in comparison with other conventional dressings. In addition, there is a clear tendency for the use of amniotic membrane treatment to result in a larger number of DFUs healing at a quicker rate.

Intra-articular Alpha-2 Agonists as an Adjunct to Local Anesthetic in Knee Arthroscopy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (02) ◽  
pp. 138-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhys Holyoak ◽  
Ruan Vlok ◽  
Thomas Melhuish ◽  
Anthony Hodge ◽  
Matthew Binks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Knee Arthroscopy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Level Of Evidence

AbstractThe infiltration of local anesthetic has been shown to reduce postoperative pain in knee arthroscopy. Several studies have shown that the addition of agents such as magnesium and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) result in an increased time to first analgesia and overall reduction in pain. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine whether the addition of an α-2 agonist (A2A) to intra-articular local anesthetic, results in a reduction in postoperative pain. Four major databases were systematically searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to July 2017. RCTs containing a control group receiving a local anesthetic and an intervention group receiving the same with the addition of an A2A were included in the review. The included studies were assessed for level of evidence and risk of bias. The data were then analyzed both qualitatively and where appropriate by meta-analysis. We reviewed 12 RCTs including 603 patients. We found that the addition of an A2A resulted in a significant reduction in postoperative pain up to 24 hours. The addition of the A2A increased time to first analgesia request by 258.85 minutes (p < 0.00001). Total 24-hour analgesia consumption was analyzed qualitatively with all included studies showing a significant reduction in total analgesia requirement. Interestingly, none of the studies found an increase in side effects associated with the A2A. This study provides strong evidence for the use of A2As as a means to reduce postoperative pain post arthroscopic knee surgery, without a corresponding increase in side effects.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli and Its Association With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razie Kamali Dolatabadi ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Mehrdad Halaji ◽  
Hossein Fazeli ◽  
Peyman Adibi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Phylogenetic Grouping ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
And Control

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are known as chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders. The present systematic review and meta analysis was conducted to estimate the prevalence of adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) isolates and their phylogenetic grouping among IBD patients compared with the controls. A systematic literature search was conducted among published papers by international authors until April 30, 2020 in Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and PubMed databases. The pooled prevalence of AIEC isolates and their phylogenetic grouping among IBD patients as well as in controls was estimated using fixed or random effects models. Furthermore, for estimating the association of colonization by AIEC with IBD, odds ratio along with 95% confidence interval was reported. A total of 205 articles retrieved by the initial search of databases, 13 case–control studies met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in the meta analysis. There were 465 IBD cases (348 CD and 117 UC) and 307 controls. The pooled prevalence of AIEC isolates were 28% (95% CI: 18–39%), 29% (95% CI: 20–40%), 13% (95% CI: 1–30%), and 9% (95% CI: 3–19%), respectively among IBD, CD, UC, and control group, respectively. Our results revealed that the most frequent AIEC phylogroup in the IBD, CD, and control groups was B2. Fixed-effects meta analysis showed that colonization of AIEC is significantly associated with IBD (OR: 2.93; 95% CI: 1.90–4.52; P &lt; 0.001) and CD (OR: 3.07; 95% CI: 1.99–4.74; P &lt; 0.001), but not with UC (OR: 2.29; 95% CI: 0.81–6.51; P = 0.11). In summary, this meta analysis revealed that colonization by AIEC is more frequent in IBD and is associated with IBD (CD and UC). Our results suggested that the affects of IBD in patients colonized with the AIEC pathovar is not random, it is in fact a specific disease-related pathovar.

scholarly journals Effects of Hydroxychloroquine on Proteinuria in IgA Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jialing Zhang ◽  
Xiangxue Lu ◽  
Jianan Feng ◽  
Han Li ◽  
Shixiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Iga Nephropathy ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Percentage Reduction ◽  
And Control

Introduction. The present meta-analysis was to explore the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in IgA nephropathy patients in terms of proteinuria. Method. We systematically searched PubMed and Embase for studies that compared HCQ and other treatments to reduce proteinuria in patients with IgA nephropathy up to June 2021. Mean ± SD of percentage change and level of proteinuria was calculated. Results. A total of 5 studies with 587 participants were included. IgA nephropathy patients who received HCQ were at a lower level of mean proteinuria at 6 months. However, there was no statistical difference between HCQ and control group considering percentage reduction in proteinuria. The long-term therapeutic effect of HCQ might be inferior to HCQ and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibition. Conclusion. HCQ might play a role in the reduction of proteinuria in IgA nephropathy patients. The addition of HCQ to other immunosuppressive agents should be clarified further.

scholarly journals Use of smartphone applications to improve quality of bowel preparation for colonoscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. E216-E224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhav Desai ◽  
Venkat Nutalapati ◽  
Ajay Bansal ◽  
Daniel Buckles ◽  
John Bonino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bowel Preparation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Smartphone Apps ◽  
Standard Education ◽  
Bowel Cleansing ◽  
Bowel Prep

Abstract Introduction Smartphone-based applications (apps) have been used to improve the quality of bowel preparation (prep) but the success rates have been variable. We have performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of smartphone apps on bowel preparation. Methods Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane) were reviewed for eligible studies of smartphone apps versus standard education before colonoscopy. The following outcomes were analyzed: pooled rate of adequacy of bowel prep among both arms and Boston bowel preparation score (BBPS) when reported. Pooled analysis was reported as odds ratio (OR) or mean difference in random effect model with Review Manager 5.3 (P ≤ 0.05 for statistical significance). Results Six studies were eligible with smartphone app (810 patients) vs. standard education (855 patients, control group) for bowel prep. The smartphone app group had a higher proportion of adequate bowel prep compared to the control group: 87.5 % vs 77.5 % (five studies), pooled OR 2.67; 95 %CI 1.00 – 7.13 with P = 0.05. There was substantial heterogeneity in studies with I 2 = 78 %. When analysis was limited to randomized controlled trials (RCTs), smartphone app users had a numerically higher rate of bowel cleansing: 87.1 % vs 76.9 %; however, pooled OR was not statistically significant (OR 2.66, 95 %CI 0.92 – 7.69, P = 0.07). When studies using BBPS were evaluated (n = 3), smartphone app users had higher mean scores (better bowel prep) with a mean difference of 0.9 (95 %CI 0.5 – 1.3), which was statistically significant (P < 0.01). Conclusion The smartphone app is a novel educational tool that can assist in achieving adequate and better bowel cleansing before colonoscopy.

P573Effects of mobile text messaging on glycemic control in patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
X H Huo ◽  
H M K Krumholz ◽  
X B Bai ◽  
E S S Spatz ◽  
Q D Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Hba1c Level ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Secondary Outcomes

Abstract Background Mobile health interventions hold the prospect to support risk factor and lifestyle modification and are readily scalable in healthcare systems. Purpose We aim to assess whether text messaging program can improve glycemic control in high-risk patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods The study was a multi-centre randomised clinical trial conducted at 34 clinics in China. 502 individuals with both CHD and DM were recruited and randomly assigned to either the text messaging intervention (n=251) or control group (n=251). The control group received 2 thank-you messages per month in addition to usual care. The intervention group received 6 messages per week for 6 months. Messages provided educational and motivational information related to glucose monitoring, BP control, physical activity and lifestyle recommendations. The primary outcome was change in glycemic hemoglobin (HbA1C) from baseline to 6 months. Results Follow-up rate was 99%. At 6 months, HbA1C was significantly lower in intervention group compared to control group (mean HbA1C 6.7% vs. 7.2%, P<0.001), with a mean change of −0.2% and 0.1% from baseline, respectively (mean absolute change −0.3% [95% CI −0.5 to 0.1]; P=0.003). Significantly more participants in intervention group achieved a HbA1c<7% (69.3% vs. 52.6%; P=0.004), and change in FBG was larger in intervention group (−0.5 vs. 0.1 mmol/L; P=0.011). No differences in SBP, LDL-C, BMI and physical activity were observed. Almost all patients reported messages to be easy to understand (97.1%) and useful (94.1%). Table 1. Primary and Secondary Outcomes Analyses at 6 Month Follow-up Parameter Intervention (N=251) Control (N=251) Mean Difference in Change P value for Baseline 6 Months Mean Change Baseline 6 Months Mean Change (95% CI) Difference in Change Primary Outcome HbA1C level, %, mean (SD) 6.9 (1.4) 6.7 (1.3) −0.2 (1.0) 7.1 (1.4) 7.2 (1.5) 0.1 (1.1) −0.3 (−0.5, −0.1) 0.003 Secondary Outcomes HbA1C level<7%, No. (%) 155 (62.0%) 174 (69.3%) – 139 (56.1%) 132 (52.6%) – 1.2 (1.1, 1.3)a 0.004   FBG, mmol/L, mean (SD) 8.1 (2.7) 7.5 (2.7) −0.5 (2.5) 8.5 (3.0) 8.6 (3.3) 0.1 (3.1) −0.6 (−1.1, −0.2) 0.011   SBP, mmHg, mean (SD) 135.9 (18.4) 134.7 (18.7) −1.4 (17.1) 135.9 (18.1) 132.2 (17.7) −3.5 (17.8) 2.4 (−0.8,5.5) 0.144   LDL-C, mmol/L, mean (SD) 2.6 (0.8) 2.5 (0.7) −0.1 (0.7) 2.6 (0.8) 2.5 (0.8) −0.1 (0.7) 0 (−0.1, 0.1) 0.828   BMI, mean (SD) 26.4 (3.2) 26.3 (3.5) −0.1 (2.1) 26.3 (3.2) 26.0 (3.4) −0.4 (2.5) 0.3 (−0.1, 0.7) 0.213   Physical activity (MET min/wk), 1386 1386 177 1386 1386 322 −70.7 0.784     median (IQR) (693–3066) (918–3612) (2840) (693–3066) (693–3002) (2635) (−574.9, 433.5) Conclusion Use of a simple, culturally sensitive mobile text-messaging program could be an effective and scalable way to improve disease self-management among patients with CHD and DM. Acknowledgement/Funding Research Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry of Health (201502009) from the National Health and Family Planning Commission of China

Short-Term Effect of Hypergastrinemia Following Esomeprazole Treatment On Well-Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1090-1096
Author(s):  
Yusuf Bozkuş ◽  
Umut Mousa ◽  
Özlem T. İyidir ◽  
Nazlı Kırnap ◽  
Canan Ç. Demir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hba1c Level ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metformin Monotherapy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Objective: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) drugs reduce gastric acid secretion and lead to an increase in serum gastrin levels. Many preclinical and some clinical researches have established some positive effects of gastrin or PPI therapy on glucose regulation. The aim of this study was to prospectively investigate the short term effects of esomeprazole on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition, the presence of an association between this effect and gastrin levels was evaluated. Methods: Thirty-two subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled and grouped as intervention (n=16) and control (n=16). The participants in the intervention group were prescribed 40 mg of esomeprazole treatment for three months. At the beginning of the study and at the 3rd month, HbA1c level (%) and gastrin levels (pmol/L) of participants were assessed. Then, the groups were compared in terms of their baseline and 3rd month values. Results: In the intervention group, the mean gastrin level increased significantly from 34.3±14.4 pmol/L to 87.4±43.6 pmol/L (p<0.001). The mean HbA1c level was similar to the pre-treatment level (6.3±0.7% vs. 6.4±0.9%, p=0.441). There were no statistically significant differences in all parameters of the control group. The majority of individuals were on metformin monotherapy (65.6 %). The subgroup analysis of metformin monotherapy revealed that, in intervention group, there was a significant increase in gastrin levels (39.9±12.6 vs. 95.5±52.5, p=0.026), but the HbA1c levels did not change (6.0±0.4 % vs. 5.9±0.6 %, p=0.288); and in control group, gastrin levels did not change (37.5 ± 26.7 vs. 36.1 ±23.3, p=0.367), but there was an increase in HbA1c levels (6.1 ± 0.50 vs. 6.4 ± 0.60, p=0.01). Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that esomeprazole has no extra benefit for the controlled diabetic patient in three months. However, in only the metformin-treated subgroup, esomeprazole may prevent the rise in HbA1c level.

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