scholarly journals Gestational Exercise and Maternal and Child Health: Effects until Delivery and at Post-Natal Follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
María Perales ◽  
Pedro L. Valenzuela ◽  
Ruben Barakat ◽  
Yaiza Cordero ◽  
Mireia Peláez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Birthweight ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Pregnancy Weight

We studied the influence of pregnancy exercise on maternal/offspring cardiometabolic health until delivery and at follow-up. We pooled data from two randomized controlled trials from our group that were performed following the same methodology (one unpublished). We also collected follow-up data de novo from the participants of both trials and their offspring. In total, 1348 women with uncomplicated, singleton gestations were assigned to an intervention (n = 688, performing a supervised, moderate-intensity exercise program (three sessions/week)) or control group (n = 660). Maternal outcomes were excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG), gestational hypertension/diabetes and, at follow-up, return to pre-pregnancy weight within six months, hypertension, overweight/obesity, and other cardiometabolic conditions. Offspring outcomes were macrosomia and low-birthweight and, at follow-up, overweight/obesity, low-weight, and cardiometabolic conditions. Adherence to the intervention, which proved safe, was > 95%. Pregnancy exercise reduced the risk of EGWG, gestational hypertension, and diabetes (adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval: 0.60 (0.46–0.79), 0.39 (0.23–0.67), and 0.48 (0.28–0.84)), and it was associated with a greater likelihood of returning to pre-pregnancy weight (2.37 (1.26–4.54)) and a lower risk of maternal cardiometabolic conditions (0.27 (0.08–0.95)) at the end of follow-up (median 6.1 years (interquartile range 1.8)). Pregnancy exercise also reduced the risk of macrosomia (0.36 (0.20–0.63)) and of childhood overweight/obesity during the first year (0.20 (0.06–0.63)). Our findings suggest that pregnancy exercise might protect maternal/offspring health.

scholarly journals Exercise improves long-term social and behavioral rhythms in older adults: Did it play a role during the COVID-19 lockdown?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Cossu ◽  
Cesar Ivan Abbile Gonzalez ◽  
Luigi Minerba ◽  
Roberto Demontis ◽  
Massimiliano Pau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Behavioral Rhythms

The study aimed to verify whether exercise training in older adults can improve social behavioral rhythms (SBR) and if any modification is maintained over time. Older adults (n=120) from a previous randomized controlled trial, were randomly allocated to either a moderate-intensity exercise group or a control group. SBR was evaluated at t0, t26, and t48 weeks (during the COVID-19 lockdown), using the brief social rhythms scale (BSRS). Seventy-nine participants completed the follow-up (age 72.3±4.7, women 55.3%). An improvement in the BSRS score was found in the exercise group at 26 weeks (p=0.035) when the exercise program was concluded, and it was maintained at 48 weeks (p=0.013). No improvements were observed in the control group. To conclude, SBR, previously found as a resilience factor in older adults during COVID-19, appear to improve after a moderate 12 weeks exercise program, and the improvement persisted even after stopping exercise during the COVID-19 lockdown.

scholarly journals Effect of Resistance Training with Different Intensities on Airway Resistance Indices and Fatigue and Muscular Endurance in Women with Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

Thrita ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ameneh Balavi ◽  
Mohsen Ghanbarzade
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Training Exercises

Background: Airways resistance and broncho-spasm due to exercise are very common. Factors such as exercise, temperature, humidity, air pollution, and disease affect this complication. This study was performed due to the increase in physical disability of muscle weakness in patients with MS and the lack of information on the effect of different strength training exercises on air resistance. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the effect of resistance training with different intensities on airway resistance indices of women with MS. Methods: Thirty six women with Multiple sclerosis who had a disability criterion ranged from 1 to 4 (based on Krutzke’s disability scale) were sampled using the targeted and purposive sampling methods. They were selected based on the initial health conditions and then were randomly assigned to each of the three groups (each consisting of 12 participants). The first group received resistance training for 12 weeks, three sessions a week with intensity 60% 1RM, and the second group received resistance training for 12 weeks, three sessions a week with intensity 80% 1RM. Those in the control group didn’t have an exercise program. Results: Airway resistance indices were measured both before and after 12 weeks of resistance training, airway resistance indices in both groups was significantly decreased, and these changes were significant in both experimental groups as compared to the control group. Conclusions: According to the findings, in addition to improving balance, fatigue, and muscle endurance, high-intensity resistance training had similar effects to moderate-intensity exercise on pulmonary function indices in women with MS.

scholarly journals Body mass index and physical activity in seven-year-old children whose mothers exercised during pregnancy: follow-up of a multicentre randomised controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Alterhaug Bjøntegaard ◽  
Signe Nilssen Stafne ◽  
Siv Mørkved ◽  
Kjell Åsmund Salvesen ◽  
Kari Anne I. Evensen
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Exercise During Pregnancy

Abstract Background There are limited data on long-term outcomes of children whose mothers have followed exercise interventions during pregnancy. The aim of this paper was to investigate whether regular moderate intensity exercise during pregnancy affected the children’s body mass index (BMI) and physical activity (PA) at 7 years of age, and determine the relationship between children’s and mothers’ BMI and PA. Methods This was a follow-up of a multicentre randomised controlled trial, carried out at St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, and Stavanger University Hospital, Norway (2007–2009 and 2014–2016). Women were randomised to follow a 12-week structured exercise protocol or standard antenatal care during pregnancy. At the 7-year follow-up, parents reported their child’s height, weight, and PA. The mothers also reported their own weight and PA. Main outcome variables were BMI, frequency and duration of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), and intensity of PA. Results A total of 855 women were randomised to exercise (n = 429) or standard antenatal care (n = 426) during pregnancy. At follow-up, 164 (38.2%) children and mothers in the intervention group and 117 (27.5%) in the control group participated. We found no group differences in the children’s iso-BMI or PA. Findings were similar when we performed stratified analyses by sex, except boys in the control group spent more time on electrical devices than boys in the intervention group. Subgroup analyses of children of mothers who adhered to the exercise protocol and sensitivity analyses excluding children born preterm, children admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit, and children with diseases or health problems at the 7-year follow-up, did not change the results. Children’s BMI, weekly leisure time MVPA and intensity of PA correlated with mothers’ BMI, daily exercise, and intensity of exercise. Conclusions Regular moderate intensity exercise during pregnancy did not affect BMI or PA of the children at 7 years. Good maternal health should be encouraged as it may influence the health of the next generation. Trial registration The initial RCT study was registered in ClinicalTrials.govNCT00476567.

scholarly journals FOLLOW-UP OF A 6-MONTH LOW-TO-MODERATE INTENSITY VIRTUAL-HOME EXERCISE PROGRAM TO PREVENT FALLS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S610-S611
Author(s):  
Machiko R Tomita ◽  
Nadine M Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Home Exercise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle

Abstract The aim of this study is to determine 3-month post effects of and adherence to a 6-month virtual-group exercise at home (V-GEAH) program, which offered low-to-moderate intensity exercise to community-dwelling older adults with past falls. The V-GEAH program converted solitary exercise to group exercise connecting participants via web-conference technology. A treatment group (n=25, 60 – 90 years old) exercised three times a week for 30-45 minutes each session. The program achieved 84.4% – 93.3% adherence, reducing fall risks. This study measured falls, balance confidence, lower extremity muscle strength and endurance, gait speed, stride length, and activities of daily living, and compared with baseline and posttest (at 6 months) data using Repeated measures ANOVA with contrasts. During the follow-up period, 40% of the treatment group exercised 2+ times/week (Adherer, or A), and 60% did 1 time/week or less (Non-adherer or NA). Half of NA joined a community exercise group and the rest did not do exercise due to pain in various body parts. None of A fell while 26.7% of NA and 20% of C did. At follow-up, the control group (C, n=25) showed no change or significant decline from posttest for all measures. A maintained gains made in the intervention period in all measures, but NA significantly lost strength in hamstrings, hip abduction, and quadriceps and hamstring endurance. These results indicate that low-to-moderate intensity exercise and technology use for providing visual instruction, regular monitoring and evaluation, and environments to increase participants’ accountability are elements for successful home-based exercise programs.

scholarly journals Moderate-Intensity Exercise Improves Body Composition and Improves Physiological Markers of Stress in HIV-Infected Men

ISRN AIDS ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley David Dudgeon ◽  
Jason Reed Jaggers ◽  
Kenneth Doyle Phillips ◽  
John Larry Durstine ◽  
Stephanie E. Burgess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Peak Strength ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Tissue Mass

HIV/AIDS and its treatment often alter body composition and result in poorer physical functioning. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a moderate-intensity exercise program on body composition and the hormones and cytokines associated with adverse health outcomes. HIV-infected males (N=111) were randomized to an exercise group (EX) who completed 6 weeks of moderate-intensity exercise training, or to a nonintervention control group (CON). In pre- and postintervention, body composition was estimated via DXA, peak strength was assessed, and resting blood samples were obtained. There was a decrease in salivary cortisol at wake (P=0.025) in the EX and a trend (P=0.07) for a decrease 1 hour after waking. The EX had a significant increase in lean tissue mass (LTM) (P<0.001) following the intervention. Those in the EX below median body fat (20%) increased LTM (P=0.014) only, while those above 20% decreased fat mass (P=0.02), total fat (N=0.009), and trunk fat (P=0.001), while also increasing LTM (P=0.027). Peak strength increased between 14% and 28% on all exercises in the EX group. These data indicate that 6 weeks of moderate-intensity exercise training can decrease salivary cortisol levels, improve physical performance, and improve body composition in HIV-infected men.

scholarly journals Role and effectiveness of complex and supervised rehabilitation on overall and hand function in systemic sclerosis patients—one-year follow-up study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Waszczykowski ◽  
Bożena Dziankowska-Bartkowiak ◽  
Michał Podgórski ◽  
Jarosław Fabiś ◽  
Arleta Waszczykowska
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Home Exercise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group

AbstractThe aim of this study was to estimate the long-term results of complex and supervised rehabilitation of the hands in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. Fifty-one patients were enrolled in this study: 27 patients (study group) were treated with a 4-week complex, supervised rehabilitation protocol. The control group of 24 patients was prescribed a home exercise program alone. Both groups were evaluated at baseline and after 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-months of follow-up with the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (DAHS) as the primary outcome, pain (VAS—visual analog scale), Cochin Hand Function Scale (CHFS), Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI), Scleroderma-HAQ (SHAQ), range of motion (d-FTP—delta finger to palm, Kapandji finger opposition test) and hand grip and pinch as the secondary outcomes. Only the study group showed significant improvements in the DASH, VAS, CHFS and SHAQ after 1, 3 and 6 months of follow-up (P = 0.0001). Additionally, moderate correlations between the DASH, CHFS and SHAQ (R = 0.7203; R = 0.6788; P = 0.0001) were found. Complex, supervised rehabilitation improves hand and overall function in SSc patients up to 6 months after the treatment but not in the long term. The regular repetition of this rehabilitation program should be recommended every 3–6 months to maintain better hand and overall function.

Effects of a motor imagery-based exercise protocol on chronic pain and emotional distress in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome: A pilot study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Teresa Paolucci ◽  
Francesco Agostini ◽  
Massimiliano Mangone ◽  
Andrea Torquati ◽  
Simona Scienza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Fibromyalgia Syndrome ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
And Coping

BACKGROUND: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic condition characterized by widespread muscular or musculoskeletal pain of at least 3 months’ duration, occurring above and below the waist, on both sides of the body. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a rehabilitation program based on motor imagery versus a conventional exercise program in FM in terms of pain, functional and psychological outcomes. METHODS: Twenty-nine female subjects were randomly assigned to a group receiving motor imagery-based rehabilitation (MIG) or to a control group (CG) performing conventional rehabilitation. Outcome assessments were performed before (T0) and after 10 sessions of treatment (T1) and at a 12-week follow-up (T2). Pain, function and psychological measurements were conducted by means of different questionnaires. RESULTS: Both treatments improved all outcomes at post-treatment (T1) and follow-up (T2). The MIG showed a significant improvement in anxiety disorder associated with FM with respect to the CG, as well as improvements in coping strategies. CONCLUSIONS: Rehabilitation treatment based on motor imagery showed a stronger effect on anxiety and coping behavior than traditional physiotherapy in patients with FM. Integrated psychological support would be desirable in this setting. Further research is needed to explore the aspects investigated in more depth.

scholarly journals OP0159 EFFICACY OF COMPREHENSIVE TECHNOLOGY-ASSISTED HOME-BASED EXERCISE IN ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS: A RANDOMIZED, CONTROLLED TRIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 100.3-100
Author(s):  
Y. Wang ◽  
X. Liu ◽  
Y. Shi ◽  
X. Ji ◽  
W. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The Mean

Background:Clinical practice guidelines recommend that exercise is an essential component in the self-management of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS). Attending supervised interventions requiring periodic medical center visits can be burdensome and patients may decline participation, whereas, effective home-based exercise interventions that do not need regular medical center visits are likely to be more accessible and acceptable for patients with AS. Recently, increasing evidences have been accumulated that the wearable devices could facilitate patients with inflammatory arthritis by giving exercise instructions and improving self-efficacy. Therefore, patients with AS may benefit from an effective technology-assisted home-based exercise intervention.Objectives:To investigate the efficacy of a comprehensive technology-assisted home-based exercise intervention on disease activity in patients with AS.Methods:This study was a 16-week assessor-blinded, randomized, waiting-list controlled trial (ChiCTR1900024244). Patients with AS were randomly allocated to the home-based exercise intervention group and the waiting-list control group. A 16-week comprehensive exercise program consisting of a moderate intensity (64%-76% HRmax) aerobic training for 30min on 5 days/week and a functional training for 60min on 3 days/week was given to patients in the intervention group immediately after randomization, with 1.5h training sessions for two consecutive days by a study physical therapist at baseline and Week 8. The aerobic exercise intensity was controlled by a Mio FUSE Wristband with a smartphone application. The functional training consisted of the posture training, range of motion exercises, strength training, stability training and stretching exercises. Patients in control group received standard care during the 16-week follow-up and started to receive the exercise program at Week 16. The primary outcome was ASDAS at Week 16. The secondary outcomes were BASDAI, BASFI, BASMI, ASAS HI, peak oxygen uptake, body composition and muscle endurance tests. The mean difference between groups in change from baseline was analyzed with the analysis of covariance.Results:A total of 54 patients with AS were enrolled (26 in intervention group and 28 in control group) and 46 (85.2%) patients completed the 16-week follow-up. The mean difference of ASDAS between groups in change from baseline to 16-week follow-up was −0.2 (95% CI, −0.4 to 0.003, P = 0.032), and the mean change from baseline was -0.4 (95% CI, -0.5 to -0.2) in the intervention group vs -0.1 (95% CI, -0.3 to 0.01) in the control group, respectively. Significant between-group differences were found between groups for BASDAI (−0.5 [95% CI, −0.9 to −0.2], P = 0.004), BASMI (−0.7 [95% CI, −1.1 to −0.4], P <0.001), BASFI (−0.3 [95% CI, −0.6 to 0.01], P=0.035), peak oxygen uptake (2.7 [95% CI, 0.02 to 5.3] ml/kg/min, P=0.048) and extensor endurance test (17.8 [95% CI, 0.5 to 35.2]s, P=0.044) at Week 16. Between-group differences were detected in ASAS HI (−0.9 [95% CI, −1.7 to −0.1], P=0.030), body fat percentage (−1.0 [95% CI, −2.0 to −0.01] %, P=0.048) and visceral adipose tissue (−4.9 [95% CI, −8.5 to −1.4] cm2, P=0.008) at Week 8, but not at Week 16. No significant between-group differences were detected in the total lean mass, time up and go test and the flexor endurance test during the follow-up.Conclusion:Comprehensive technology-assisted home-based exercise has been shown to have beneficial effects on disease activity, physical function, spinal mobility, aerobic capacity, and body composition as well as in improving fatigue and morning stiffness of patients with AS.References:[1]van der Heijde D, Ramiro S, Landewé R, et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2017;76:978–991.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Rehabilitation of elderly fallers: Pilot study of a low to moderate intensity exercise program

1996 ◽  
Vol 77 (10) ◽  
pp. 1030-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Means ◽  
Daniel E. Rodell ◽  
Patricia S. O'Sullivan ◽  
Lillian A. Cranford
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise

scholarly journals The Experimental Effects of Acute Exercise on Long-Term Emotional Memory

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Breanna Wade ◽  
Paul Loprinzi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Group Interaction ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Randomized Controlled Experiment ◽  
Memory Recognition

Emerging work suggests that acute, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise may help to subserve episodic memory of neutral stimuli. Less investigated, however, is whether acute exercise is associated with enhanced memory recognition of emotional stimuli, which was the purpose of this experiment. A parallel-group randomized controlled experiment was employed. Participants (mean age = 20 yr) were randomized into an exercise (n = 17) or control group (n = 17). The exercise group engaged in a 15-min bout of moderate-intensity treadmill walking. Emotional memory recognition was assessed via images from the International Affective Picture System, including assessments of varying degrees of valence and arousal. Memory recognition was assessed at 1 day, 7 days, and 14 days post-memory encoding. We observed a significant main effect for time (F(2) = 104.2, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.77) and a significant main effect for valence–arousal classification (F(4) = 21.39, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.40), but there was no significant time by group interaction (F(2) = 1.09, p = 0.34, η2p = 0.03), classification by group interaction (F(4) = 0.12, p = 0.97, η2p = 0.01), time by classification interaction (F(8) = 1.78, p = 0.08, η2p = 0.05), or time by classification by group interaction (F(8) = 0.78, p = 0.62, η2p = 0.02). In conclusion, emotional memory recognition decreased over the 14-day follow-up period and this rate of memory decay was not altered by acute moderate-intensity exercise engagement. We discuss these findings in the context of exercise intensity and the temporal effects of exercise.

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