scholarly journals New Computerized Method in Measuring the Sagittal Bowing of Femur from Plain Radiograph—A Validation Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1598
Author(s):  
Liaw ◽  
Chen ◽  
Wu ◽  
Fuh ◽  
Chang
Keyword(s):  
Validation Study ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Distal Femur ◽  
Plain Radiograph ◽  
Region Growing ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Medullary Canal ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Intramedullary Nails ◽  
Plain Radiographs

Background: Mismatch of intramedullary nails with the bowing of femur is a frequent clinical finding. Previous studies showed inconsistent results. Methods: We present an algorithm of region growing territory method to get the radii of the anterior bowing of femur. We also tested it on ten radiographs. Plain radiographs of the lateral view of femur from five men and five women taken between January and August 2014 in Taipei Hospital were chosen randomly. The curvature of femur outline and medullary canal were measured for three times each. Radii of curvature of whole femur, proximal, middle and distal parts were calculated and analyzed. Results: The coefficient of variation of the 240 measurements ranged from 0.007 to 0.295 and averaged 0.088. The average radii of curvature of the whole, proximal, middle, and distal femur were 1318 mm, 752 mm, 1379 mm, and 599 mm, respectively. At the distal part of the femur, the radius of curvature of the femur outline (452 mm) was smaller than the medullary canal (746 mm) (p < 0.05). Women’s femur was straighter than men’s when we compared the whole length (1435 mm vs. 1201 mm, p < 0.05). The radii we calculated were smaller than the current intramedullary nails. Conclusion: The results showed that the inter-observer and intra-observer differences are acceptable, support the impression that different bowing conditions existed for Asians as compared to Caucasians, and also indicate the mismatch of current instruments to the curvature of femur.

scholarly journals Features of surgical treatment of intra- and periarticular fractures of the lower third of the femur in patients with polytrauma

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
E. I Solod ◽  
N. V Zagorodni ◽  
A. F Lazarev ◽  
M. A Abdulkhabirov ◽  
Ya. M Alsmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distal Part ◽  
Distal Femur ◽  
Traumatic Shock ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Prospective Analysis ◽  
Severity Scale ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
High Energy Trauma ◽  
Results Of Treatment

Treatment of patients with fractures of femur has a particular relevance in modern traumatology, especially in patients with polytrauma. The treatment of such fractures is complicated by the fact that it depends not only on the nature of the fracture, but also on the general condition of the patient. These fractures are caused by high-energy trauma, they have the tendency to be splintered or fragmented, and often accompanied by neurovascular complications, especially in the distal part. Such fractures are often accompanied by soft tissue damage. Purpose: improving the results of treatment of intra-and periarticular fractures of the distal femur in patients with polytrauma. Material and methods. In the present study, a prospective analysis of using conversion osteosynthesis in the treatment of 72 patients with intra-and periarticular fractures of the lower third of the femur patients with polytrauma, according to the ISS severity scale (ISS 17-40) was performed in a multidisciplinary hospital. Results. The most optimal time for conversion osteosynthesis to patients with polytrauma was 5-7 days, which prevented the occurrence of traumatic shock and prevented the occurrence of inflammatory complications in the postoperative period. Conclusion. The study confirmed the feasibility of conversion osteosynthesis in the treatment of patients with intra-and periarticular fractures of the lower third of the femur. The use of the technique of transferring the fixation of fragments by the external fixation to the internal osteosynthesis (conversion) contributed to a reduction in the duration of treatment of patients in the hospital with fractures of the long bones.

scholarly journals Radiographic imaging of mastoid in chronic otitis media: need or tradition?

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1592
Author(s):  
Sabeeh Beig ◽  
Saifullah Khalid ◽  
Satish Chandra Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Plain Radiograph ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Plain Radiographs ◽  
Operative Findings ◽  
Mastoid Surgery

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Computed tomography is the imaging of choice in chronic otitis media (COM) but it is neither available at every centre nor is affordable to masses of economically weaker countries. In this situation where only X-ray facility is available should plain radiographs of mastoid be done ?. If yes then what is the analytical evidence? This study, was conducted to find the utility of plain radiographs of mastoid by comparing radiological findings vis-a-vis operative findings.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Pre-operative radiographs of mastoids (Schuller’s view (s/v)) were taken and the radiological findings were statistically analysed with the operative findings.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Plain radiograph of mastoid (s/v) predicted some of the surgical landmarks of mastoid surgery viz tegmen and sinus plates with a fair degree of accuracy. The positive predictive value (PPV) for radiolucent shadow (assumed to indicate bone destruction and thus cholesteatoma) was also high but at the same time, a low negative predictive value and a Cohen’s kappa test showing only a fair agreement underscores the point that absence of a radiolucent shadow does not rule out the presence of cholesteatoma.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Radiographs of mastoid are helpful in providing a prior knowledge of the surgical landmarks in mastoid surgery. Hence with this information, if a surgeon finds himself more at ease in operating a patient then this imaging should be done when CT scan facility is unavailable. However, citing the limited information on other aspects of the disease, its use as a ‘routine’ investigation in chronic otitis media is discouraged.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>

scholarly journals The influence of entry point and radius of curvature on femoral intramedullary nail position in the distal femur

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Kanawati ◽  
Bob Jang ◽  
Richard McGee ◽  
Jai Sungaran
Keyword(s):  
Intramedullary Nail ◽  
Distal Femur ◽  
Entry Point ◽  
Radius Of Curvature

scholarly journals Chicken or the thumb? Comparing chicken femora with human metacarpals

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-201
Author(s):  
N Sargazi ◽  
Y Oskrochi ◽  
J Houghton ◽  
B Rai ◽  
D Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Simulation Training ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Hand Surgery ◽  
Medullary Canal ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
P Value ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
Metacarpal Bones ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction While the gold standard for simulation training in hand surgery is cadaveric hands, ethical issues and cost limit their use. Chicken thighbones have been utilised to replicate human metacarpals but there is a lack of literature to validate such a model. The aim of this study was to determine whether chicken femurs are morphologically similar to human metacarpal bones. Methods Computed tomography imaging was obtained of hands undertaken at our institute between 1 January and 31 December 2015. A total of 114 chicken thighs were also scanned. Bones with previous trauma or incomplete imaging were excluded. Bone length, distance to isthmus, radius of curvature, medullary canal diameter and cortical thickness were compared between the groups. Statistical analysis was conducted using Student’s t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test, with statistical significance implied with a p-value of < 0.05. Results A total of 146 human CT scans were identified, of which 36 were included in the study, resulting in 158 human metacarpals in 5 female and 31 male patients, with an average age of 39.5 years (range: 16–77 years). Of 114 chickens scanned, 101 were suitable for analysis. Mean length, distance to isthmus, radius of curvature, medullary canal diameter and cortical thickness were 57.3mm (standard deviation [SD]: 8.7mm), 32.9mm (SD: 8.2mm), 68.8mm (SD: 19.5mm), 9.3mm (SD: 1.6mm) and 1.7mm (SD: 0.4mm) respectively in human metacarpals, compared with 66.7mm (SD: 5.1mm), 34.1mm (SD: 6.4mm), 89.1mm (SD: 15.1mm), 6.4mm (SD: 0.6mm) and 1.6mm (SD: 0.1mm) respectively in chicken femurs. There was no significant difference in bone geometry between the groups, with p-values of >0.05 for all parameters described. Conclusions The chicken thigh model provides an anatomically suitable and more cost effective alternative to human cadaveric metacarpals in simulation training for hand surgery.

Detecting cam-type deformities on plain radiographs: what is the optimal lateral view?

2017 ◽  
Vol 137 (12) ◽  
pp. 1699-1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Hipfl ◽  
Markus Titz ◽  
Catharina Chiari ◽  
Veronika Schöpf ◽  
Franz Kainberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral View ◽  
Plain Radiographs

Volumetric analysis of pelvic hematomas after blunt trauma using semi-automated seeded region growing segmentation: a method validation study

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 2203-2208 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Dreizin ◽  
Uttam K. Bodanapally ◽  
Nagaraj Neerchal ◽  
Nikki Tirada ◽  
Michael Patlas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Method Validation ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Region Growing ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Seeded Region Growing ◽  
Region Growing Segmentation

Assessment of volar angulation and shortening in 5th metacarpal neck fractures: an inter- and intra-observer validity and reliability study

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 658-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. N. Sletten ◽  
L. Nordsletten ◽  
G. A. Hjorthaug ◽  
J. C. Hellund ◽  
I. Holme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Test Validity ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Medullary Canal ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Fracture Angle ◽  
Distal Point

Four methods for measuring volar angulation in 5th metacarpal neck fractures were tested for validity and reliability. Mid-medullary canal measurement in the lateral view (method MC-90) has previously been proven valid in a cadaveric study, hence used as a reference to test validity of the latter three. These three yielded a significant different mean fracture angle compared with MC-90, with only minor enhancement in reliability. Therefore, none of these three methods is recommended as a better standard method than the MC-90, where reliability was found to be substantial (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.53–0.81). Two methods for measuring shortening in 5th metacarpal neck fractures were compared, and stipulation of shortening by drawing a line through the most distal point of the heads of the neighbouring 3rd and 4th metacarpals (method SH-Stip) is a simple method with excellent reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.81–0.96) for estimating shortening, requiring only radiological examination of the injured hand.

Comparison of extra-articular radiographic parameters of distal radius fractures on plain radiographs and CT scans

2021 ◽  
pp. 175319342110210
Author(s):  
Simon B. Kramer ◽  
Caroline A. Selles ◽  
Daniel Bakker ◽  
Niels W. L. Schep
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Plain Radiograph ◽  
Ulnar Variance ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Distal Radial Fractures ◽  
Plain Radiographs ◽  
Radial Inclination ◽  
Radiographic Parameters ◽  
Radiograph Measurements

The aim of this study was to compare extra-articular radiographic parameters of distal radial fractures measured on plain radiographs and CT scans. Two researchers independently measured four extra-articular radiographic parameters (dorsal tilt, carpal alignment, radial inclination and ulnar variance) on both radiographs and CT scans in 85 patients. Inter-observer reliability for both techniques was assessed, along with the agreement between CT scans and radiographs using the intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland–Altman plots. The results showed that dorsal tilt, carpal alignment, radial inclination and ulnar variance can be measured reliably on both radiographs and CT scans. At a patient level, carpal alignment, radial inclination and ulnar variance CT scan measurements are an acceptable alternative to plain radiograph measurements in the vast majority of patients. In contrast, dorsal tilt CT scan measurements are not comparable with radiographs in 40% of the cases. Therefore, caution should be taken in measuring dorsal tilt on CT scans.

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