scholarly journals Role of Nutrition and Exercise Programs in Reducing Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurik ◽  
Stastny
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
English Language ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Pressure Reduction ◽  
Language Studies

The combined effect of diet and strength training (ST) on blood pressure (BP) seems to be very important for the treatment of prehypertension and hypertension (HT). Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether ST alone or combined with nutrition or supplementation has an impact on the arterial pressure reduction in normotensive and hypertensive populations. A systematic computerized literature search was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines using PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar; only English language studies published from 1999 until 2018 were included. This systematic search identified the results of 303 individuals from nine studies. The ST program alone had a similar effectiveness as the nutrition program (NP) alone; however, their combination did not result in increased effectiveness in terms of a high BP reduction. The consumption of L-citrulline had a similar effect as ST on lowering BP; on the other hand, caffeine led to an increase in BP during the ST session. Our data suggest that a combination of ST 2–3 times a week at moderate intensity and a NP seems to be equally effective in terms of lowering BP (systolic and diastolic) as ST and NP alone.

scholarly journals Amtolmetin: A Reappraisal of NSAID with Gastroprotection

Arthritis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Garg ◽  
Ahsan Shoeb ◽  
Latha Subramanya Moodahadu ◽  
Akhilesh Sharma ◽  
Arul Gandhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
The Other ◽  
Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Baseline Characteristics

Aim. To assess the gastrosparing effect of amtolmetin guacyl (AMG) against other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in patients with osteo-/rheumatoid arthritis. Methods. A literature search was done in the electronic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and Scopus) with key words “amtolmetin guacyl”, “amtolmetin”, and “arthritis”; filters were applied to obtain publications between 01-Jan-1985 and 01-Oct-2015, which were “clinical trials” in osteo-/rheumatoid arthritis patients and in “English language.” Studies were assessed using the Jadad criteria and trials with score ≥ 3 were included in the analysis to compare the safety and efficacy of AMG against other NSAIDs. Results. Search yielded 19 publications of which 3 were included for analysis. Baseline characteristics of patients were comparable between the AMG group and other NSAIDs (diclofenac, celecoxib, and piroxicam) groups in all trials. Efficacy of AMG was similar to the other NSAIDs compared in the trials. The number of adverse events (AEs) reported was similar between both the groups; however, severe AEs reported were significantly lower in the AMG group. Of note was the significant lower number of duodenal ulcers after treatment in the AMG group. Conclusions. AMG has efficacy similar to other NSAIDs and a safer gastrointestinal AE profile when compared to the other NSAIDs.

scholarly journals Maxillary Growth and Speech Outcome in Patient with Cleft Lip and Palate after Two-Stage Palate Repair: A Systematic Review

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulyadi Mulyadi ◽  
Prasetyanugraheni Kreshanti ◽  
Siti Handayani ◽  
Kristaninta Bangun
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Palate Repair ◽  
Maxillary Growth

Background: The management of patients with cleft lip and palate is complex, where the treatment outcome is judged on the balance between aesthetics, speech, and maxillary growth. Up to now, there is no generally accepted treatment protocol. Every center must find the best-suited protocol treatment for their population. Methods: A systematic review through literature search was conducted for English-language studies in PubMed. This search was conducted in September 2011 using EndNote X3 with keywords: Two-stage Palate Repair and Maxillary Growth and Two-stage Palate Repair and Speech Outcome. Both retrospective and prospective studies on maxillary growth and speech outcome in patient with cleft lip and palate after two-stage palate repair published from 2001 to 2012 were included. Result: From the reviewed of 37 articles, only 14 articles fit the inclusions criteria, three articles discussed the outcome of maxillary growth and speech outcome, eight articles only discussed the maxillary growth and the rest of articles only discussed the speech outcome. Conclusion:From this review we found that most of the two-stage palate repair results in better maxillary growth, but only few of them results in good speech outcome. We will perform further study based on this review to discover a new protocol for the management of palate repair in our center.

scholarly journals Managing disorders of consciousness: the role of electroencephalography

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Bai ◽  
Yajun Lin ◽  
Ulf Ziemann
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
English Language ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Disorders Of Consciousness ◽  
Diagnostic Classification ◽  
Broad Application ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Language Studies

Abstract Disorders of consciousness (DOC) are an important but still underexplored entity in neurology. Novel electroencephalography (EEG) measures are currently being employed for improving diagnostic classification, estimating prognosis and supporting medicolegal decision-making in DOC patients. However, complex recording protocols, a confusing variety of EEG measures, and complicated analysis algorithms create roadblocks against broad application. We conducted a systematic review based on English-language studies in PubMed, Medline and Web of Science databases. The review structures the available knowledge based on EEG measures and analysis principles, and aims at promoting its translation into clinical management of DOC patients.

scholarly journals Systematic review of prehospital haemostatic dressings

2019 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Welch ◽  
J Barratt ◽  
A Peters ◽  
C Wright
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
English Language ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Military Forces ◽  
Language Studies

IntroductionHaemorrhage is one of the leading causes of battlefield and prehospital death. Haemostatic dressings are an effective method of limiting the extent of bleeding and are used by military forces extensively. A systematic review was conducted with the aim of collating the evidence on current haemostatic products and to assess whether one product was more effective than others.MethodsA systematic search and assessment of the literature was conducted using 13 health research databases including MEDLINE and CINAHL, and a grey literature search. Two assessors independently screened the studies for eligibility and quality. English language studies using current-generation haemostatic dressings were included. Surgical studies, studies that did not include survival, initial haemostasis or rebleeding and those investigating products without prehospital potential were excluded.Results232 studies were initially found and, after applying exclusion criteria, 42 were included in the review. These studies included 31 animal studies and 11 clinical studies. The outcomes assessed were subject survival, initial haemostasis and rebleeding. A number of products were shown to be effective in stopping haemorrhage, with Celox, QuikClot Combat Gauze and HemCon being the most commonly used, and with no demonstrable difference in effectiveness.ConclusionsThere was a lack of high-quality clinical evidence with the majority of studies being conducted using a swine haemorrhage model. Iterations of three haemostatic dressings, Celox, HemCon and QuikClot, dominated the studies, probably because of their use by international military forces and all were shown to be effective in the arrest of haemorrhage.

Neurogenic and humoral factors maintaining arterial pressure in conscious dogs

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (5) ◽  
pp. R693-R698 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Hasser ◽  
V. S. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Humoral Factors ◽  
Depressor Response ◽  
Resting Blood Pressure ◽  
Resting Pressure

This study examined the contribution of each primary pressor system to resting arterial pressure and the ability of each to maintain pressure in the absence of the other systems in conscious dogs. In dogs with intact carotid sinus baroreflexes, ganglionic blockade (GB) reduced blood pressure by 13 +/- 3 mmHg, whereas blockade of the renin-angiotensin (RAS) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) systems did not significantly alter arterial pressure. After removal of the other two systems, the depressor response to blockade of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) with hexamethonium and atropine was significantly augmented (-33 +/- 3 mmHg), whereas captopril (CAP) blockade of the RAS reduced pressure 14 +/- 4 mmHg, and AVP blockade decreased pressure 12 +/- 2 mmHg. In sinoaortic-denervated (SAD) dogs, the SNS exhibited a greater contribution (28 +/- 4 mmHg) to resting pressure compared with intact, and the role of the RAS (10 +/- 2 mmHg) was also augmented, whereas the effects of AVP blockade were unaltered. Effects of GB and CAP were unaltered after blockade of the other systems in SAD animals, whereas the depressor response to AVP antagonist (-13 +/- 2 mmHg) was significantly augmented. Results indicate the SNS is the primary pressor system in resting intact or SAD conscious dogs, whereas the RAS also contributes to resting blood pressure in SAD animals. The ability of the SNS alone to maintain arterial pressure after acute removal of the other systems is also significantly greater than that of AVP or the RAS.

ROLE OF THE THYROID GLAND IN DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF RENAL HYPERTENSION IN RATS

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIV (III) ◽  
pp. 411-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin J. Fregly ◽  
Kenneth M. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Rate Increase ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
The Other ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Testicular Size

ABSTRACT The anti-thyroid drugs, thiouracil, propylthiouracil, and methimazole, prevented both development of elevated blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy usually accompanying kidney encapsulation with latex envelopes. These drugs also reduced elevated blood pressure of rats with hypertension of 13 to 40 weeks' duration prior to drug administration. Addition of desiccated thyroid powder to diet containing an anti-thyroid drug overcame the anti-hypertensive effect of the latter. Withdrawal of thyroid powder only was followed by return of blood pressure to previous low level within 3 weeks. The results suggest that the anti-hypertensive effect of these drugs is related directly to the hypothyroidism produced rather than to extrathyroidal effects of the drugs. Comparison of potencies of the 3 drugs in terms of anti-hypertensive effect, inhibition of growth rate, increase in testicular size, and increase in thyroid size suggests that propylthiouracil and methimazole are equally potent per unit weight of drug. Thiouracil has approximately half the potency of the other two.

scholarly journals The Role of Chemotherapy in Management of Inoperable, Metastatic and/or Recurrent Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy—Own Experience and Systematic Review

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3872
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Styczewska ◽  
Małgorzata A. Krawczyk ◽  
Ines B. Brecht ◽  
Konrad Haug ◽  
Ewa Iżycka-Świeszewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pediatric Oncology ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Neuroectodermal Tumor ◽  
Incomplete Resection ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
Neural Crest Origin

Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy (MNTI) is a very rare pediatric neoplasm of neural crest origin. In most cases, it develops in infants as a localized tumor of the maxilla, and surgery is usually curative. In less than 10% of patients with inoperable, metastatic or persistently recurring MNTI, chemotherapy (CHT) may be considered; however, its role is still unclear. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of CHT in children with large, inoperable, metastatic and/or recurrent MNTI. Four such infants, treated with CHT in Polish and German centers of pediatric oncology, were presented. Additionally, a systematic literature search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science databases was performed, yielding 38 similar cases within the last 42 years. Neoadjuvant CHT, based mainly on the protocols for neuroblastoma, was often effective, allowing for complete delayed surgery in most cases. However, the role of adjuvant CHT in preventing recurrences after incomplete resection of MNTI remains unclear. Disseminated inoperable MNTI was almost universally associated with poor response to CHT and unfavorable outcome. Further investigations to elaborate standards of management in patients with inoperable, metastatic or persistently recurring MNTIs are necessary to improve outcomes.

scholarly journals Effort investment in uncontrollable situations: The moderating role of motivation toward closure

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-196
Author(s):  
Paulina Szwed ◽  
Małgorzata Kossowska ◽  
Marcin Bukowski
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Need For Closure ◽  
Extra Effort ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Energy Conservation Principle ◽  
Principle Of Energy Conservation ◽  
Investment Behaviour

AbstractAccording to the principle of energy-conservation principle, effort investment is usually reduced in situations that are perceived as uncontrollable. This is because when success is recognized as impossible, any effortful actions are no longer justified. However, we predicted that individual differences in uncertainty tolerance, i.e., the need for closure (NFC), may moderate effort investment in uncontrollable situations. We tested this prediction in two experimental studies in which we exposed participants with differing levels of NFC to uncontrollable events, and indexed effort through the assessment of systolic blood pressure (SBP) responses. As predicted, in the uncontrollability (vs. controllability) condition, effort investment decreased significantly among low- but not high-NFC participants. Since gaining certainty and achieving closure is not a critical epistemic goal for low-NFC individuals, exerting extra effort to gain certainty is therefore no longer justified. On the other hand, high-NFC participants do not withhold their efforts, as they are highly motivated to obtain certainty. These results may help to account for contradictory findings in effort-investment behaviour and add substantively to the literature concerning motivation toward closure.

Role of Autonomic Nervous System in Maintenance of Cerebral and Renal Hypertension

1957 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sol Rothman ◽  
Douglas R. Drury
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
The Other ◽  
Peripheral Vasculature ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Blood Pressure Responses

The blood pressure responses to various drugs were investigated in renal hypertensive, cerebral hypertensive and normotensive rabbits. Hexamethonium bromide and Dibenamine reduced the blood pressures of renal and cerebral hypertensives. Effects in the normal were insignificant. The cerebral hypertensive's blood pressure was slightly affected by benzodioxane. Blood pressure was not reduced at all in the other groups. Blood pressure of the renal hypertensive rabbit was greatly reduced by Veriloid and dihydroergocornine. Blood pressures of cerebral and normal animals were affected to a lesser degree. The results suggest that maintenance of hypertension in the cerebral hypertensive rabbit depends on an overactive sympathetic nervous system, possibly due to the release of medullary pressor centers from inhibitory impulses originating in higher centers; whereas, the maintenance of hypertension in the renal hypertensive rabbit may be attributed to an increased reactivity of the peripheral vasculature to a normal sympathetic tone.

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