scholarly journals The Effect of Cycling Through a Projection-Based Virtual Environment System on Generalized Anxiety Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsai-Chiao Wang ◽  
Chia-Liang Tsai ◽  
Ta-Wei Tang ◽  
Wei-Li Wang ◽  
Kuan-Ting Lee
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Screening Criteria ◽  
Skin Responses ◽  
Galvanic Skin Responses

Virtual reality (VR) has the potential to help clinical medicine manage generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). However, patients with GAD who use traditional head-mounted VR to cycle may cause them to feel motion sickness and fatigue. To solve this problem, a projection-based virtual environment (VE) system was built to provide GAD patients with a sense of immersion while they are cycling. This projection-based VE system allows patients with GAD to interact with the virtual environment and produce experiences similar to cycling in the outdoors. Sixty GAD patients met several screening criteria and were selected as participants. All participants were randomly assigned to one of the two 20-min conditions: (1) Observing watercolor paintings projected by the projector while engaged in cycling with a stationary bicycle; or (2) observing the scenes (i.e., forest or park) projected by the VE system and engaging in cycling with a stationary bicycle. Finally, this study confirmed that patients with GAD in the projection-based VE group exhibited higher alpha values and lower galvanic skin responses (GSR) after cycling than those cycling in the control group. These results showed that cycling in the projection-based VE group allowed the patient with GAD to achieve higher exercise intensity and lower perceived emotional stress.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on Quality of Life (QOL) and Worry in Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheida Jabalameli ◽  
Hamid Taher Neshat Doost ◽  
Mohammad Bagher Kajbaf ◽  
Hossein Molavi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is one of the most common anxiety disorders. It has been reported that psychological treatments like Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is effective for patients with GAD. The purpose of the present research was to investigate the effectiveness of CBT on Quality of Life (QOL) and worry in patients with GAD. A sample of 30 patients with GAD who had been referred to psychiatry offices in Isfahan, Iran were selected and assigned into an experimental group (n=15) and a control group (n=15) randomly.  The experimental group received CBT in 8 weekly sessions. All participants completed the World Health Organization Quality Of Life-Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) at pretest, posttest and follow up. The results of MANCOVA showed that the mean scores of QOL in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group at the posttest and follow up (P<0.05) and the mean scores of worry in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group at the posttest and follow up (P<0.05) It is concluded that CBT can be applied for the patients with GAD as a useful psychological treatment. In general, CBT can improve QOL and decrease worry in patients with GAD.

Prolonged rooming-in in infancy is associated with generalized anxiety disorder in the adolescent period

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazan Kaymaz ◽  
Emel Sarı Gökten ◽  
Mehmet Erdem Uzun ◽  
Şule Yıldırım ◽  
Mustafa Tekin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Child And Adolescent Psychiatry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Bed Sharing ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Long Time

Abstract Objective: This study aims to investigate whether anxiety disorders in adolescents have a link with the separation time of bed/bedroom sharing with parents. It also aims to raise awareness in society about the issue of minimizing anxiety disorders in childhood. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Şevket Yılmaz Training and Research Hospital between June 2013 and May 2014. The participants included 51 adolescents who were diagnosed as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) with no-comorbidity and 71 healthy adolescents as the control group, who were chosen randomly. Diagnosis of GAD was based on the criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed) by child and adolescent psychiatry doctors. The Turkish version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used for the control group. A special survey about demographics and bed-sharing statements was constructed for the purpose of the study. The groups were analyzed in terms of duration of co-sleeping (bed-sharing) and rooming-in (keeping the mother and the baby in same room) with parents during infancy and the development of anxiety disorders in later period. Results: Mean duration of rooming-in was significantly longer in the case group than in the control group (p=0.009). Similarly, mean duration of co-sleeping in the case group was longer than that of the control group. However, this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.529). Conclusion: Sleeping in the same room with children for a long time may result in anxiety disorders in later period due to possible difficulties in bonding and/or less self-confidence.

scholarly journals Exposure to a Standardized Catastrophic Scenario in Virtual Reality or a Personalized Scenario in Imagination for Generalized Anxiety Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Guitard ◽  
Stéphane Bouchard ◽  
Claude Bélanger ◽  
Maxine Berthiaume
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Randomized Control

The cognitive behavioral treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) often involves exposing patients to a catastrophic scenario depicting their most feared worry. The aim of this study was to examine whether a standardized scenario recreated in virtual reality (VR) would elicit anxiety and negative affect and how it compared to the traditional method of imagining a personalized catastrophic scenario. A sample of 28 participants were first exposed to a neutral non-catastrophic scenario and then to a personalized scenario in imagination or a standardized virtual scenario presented in a counterbalanced order. The participants completed questionnaires before and after each immersion. The results suggest that the standardized virtual scenario induced significant anxiety. No difference was found when comparing exposure to the standardized scenario in VR and exposure to the personalized scenario in imagination. These findings were specific to anxiety and not to the broader measure of negative affect. Individual differences in susceptibility to feel present in VR was a significant predictor of increase in anxiety and negative affect. Future research could use these scenarios to conduct a randomized control trial to test the efficacy and cost/benefits of using VR in the treatment of GAD.

scholarly journals Galphimine-B Standardized Extract versus Alprazolam in Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Ten-Week, Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ofelia Romero-Cerecero ◽  
Ana Laura Islas-Garduño ◽  
Alejandro Zamilpa ◽  
Armando Herrera-Arellano ◽  
Enrique Jiménez-Ferrer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Galphimine-B (G-B), a compound isolated from Galphimia glauca, has been shown to possess important anxiolytic activity. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness and tolerability of a G-B standardized extract (experimental treatment) that was administered daily for 10 weeks in patients with moderate or severe Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Alprazolam was used as control treatment and administered under the same conditions. A total of 167 patients were included. At the start of the study, the severe anxiety condition prevailed, with an average on the Hamilton Anxiety Scale of 35.1 ± 8.8 and 35.8 ± 8.1 points in the control and experimental groups, respectively. After the 10 weeks of administration, the average was reduced in the control group to 4.6 ± 6.5 points and in the experimental group to 3.5 ± 5.5 points. Therapeutic success in the control group was 85.7% and in the experimental group, 92.0%. A high proportion of patients (22.2%) treated with Alprazolam manifested daytime sleepiness, while in the group treated with the G-B standardized extract, daytime sleepiness was found in 4.7%. In conclusion, a G-B standardized extract demonstrated therapeutic effectiveness in patients with GAD, without exhibiting significant difference with Alprazolam, but showing fewer cases of daytime sleepiness. The trial was registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov by identifier: NCT03702803.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Training and Assertiveness Training on Resilience and Clinical Symptoms of Students with Generalized Anxiety Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 188-192
Author(s):  
Masoud Ahmadi ◽  
Masoud Ghasemi ◽  
Mansoureh Shahriari Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Assertiveness Training ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Generalized anxiety disorder is among the most common psychiatric disorders. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of emotion regulation training and assertiveness training on resilience and clinical symptoms of students with generalized anxiety disorder. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group. The statistical population included all 16-18 years old male high school students in Karaj who were studying in the academic year 2019-2020, of whom 75 were selected by multi-stage random sampling and assigned to two groups of 25. Participants in experimental group 1 received eight sessions of assertiveness training for 60 minutes per week. Participants in experimental group 2 received five sessions of emotion regulation training for 60 minutes per week, and participants in the control group did not receive any intervention. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Resilience questionnaires were used to collect data. Results: Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) showed that both assertiveness and emotion regulation training programs increased resilience and reduced clinical signs of generalized anxiety disorder in the experimental groups (P<0.001). Moreover, there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of the two training programs. Conclusion: It is suggested that assertiveness and emotion regulation training be provided for students and included in their curriculum, to enhance assertiveness and emotion regulation skills.

scholarly journals COVID-19–Related Stigma and Mental Health of Children and Adolescents During Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910452110594
Author(s):  
Burcu Ozbaran ◽  
Furkan Turer ◽  
Hazal Y. Yilancioglu ◽  
Sezen Kose ◽  
Birsen Senturk Pilan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
And Gender

This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate depression and anxiety symptoms of the children/grandchildren of COVID-19 patients, children/grandchildren of healthcare workers who have not infected COVID-19, and children/grandchildren of the control group. Parent and children’s perception about COVID-19–related stigma is also investigated and compared between groups. The perception about COVID-19–related stigma between different age and gender groups among children also investigated and compared. The mental health of the 71 participants aged 6–18 years was evaluated via a telemedicine-based semi-structured interview between March and April 2020. Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), the Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), and COVID-19–Related Stigma Form were administered to the participants. A significant negative correlation was found between age and separation anxiety disorder ( p = .005) and a significant positive correlation was found between age and generalized anxiety disorder ( p = .035) in the SCARED-Child report. Generalized anxiety disorder was found to be higher in females compared to males. A significant difference was found between the groups of parents in the COVID-19–Related Stigma Form. Patients infected with COVID-19, healthcare workers, and the control group have different perceptions about COVID-19–related stigma. The age of the children have an impact on stigma perceptions. Anxiety symptoms of children affected by age and gender. Future studies are recommended to determine the other factors associated with perceptions about COVID-19–related stigma among children and parents.

scholarly journals The Relation of Dysfunctional Cognitive Schemas and Personality Dimensions in Generalized Anxiety Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Cosmin Octavian Popa ◽  
Adrian V. Rus ◽  
Cathleen Skinner ◽  
Zsolt S. Jakab
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Cognitive Schemas ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Age Range

AbstractObjective: This study investigated whether differences exist in the structural personality dimensions and eighteen maladaptive cognitive schemas among in- and out-patients (Clinical Group) diagnosed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and people from the general population without any psychiatric diagnostic (Control Group).Methods: The Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) sample (N = 100) included 35 (35%) men and 65 (65%) women, with a mean age of 36.4 years (SD = 10.86; age range 18-69). The control sample (N = 100), included 28 (28%) men and 72 (72%) women, with a mean age of 27.1 years (SD = 9.8; age range 19-60). Data were simultaneously analyzed with one-way multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) to measure the effect of group membership on personality dimensions and on dysfunctional cognitive schemas, controlling for participants' age. Next, univariate analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) were done on each item with covariate-adjusted post-hoc comparisons.Results: The results indicate that the Clinical Group participants had unfavorable scores on all five personality dimensions (i.e., Openness, Extraversion; Conscientiousness; Agreeability; and Emotional Stability - Neuroticism) and for almost all of the dysfunctional cognitive schemas in comparison with participants in the Control Group.Conclusions: These results have general implications in understanding Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) clients and their personality characteristic's profile and dysfunctional/maladaptive cognitive schemas.

scholarly journals The evaluation of urinary vanillylmandelic acid level in patients with generalized anxiety disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-005
Author(s):  
Farzana Yeasmin Mukta ◽  
Qazi Shamima Akhter ◽  
Shamanta Islam ◽  
Khushbun Nahar Layla ◽  
Afrina Binte Azad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Vanillylmandelic Acid ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Thrombotic Diseases

Background and objectives: The prevalence of anxiety disorders is increasing in the world. Studies revealed that generalized anxiety disorder may lead to change in circulating catecholamine levels. Thus, the changes of catecholamine metabolite like urinary vanillylmandelic acid may increase the future risk of thrombotic diseases in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The aim of this present study is to evaluate urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) levels in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2019 to June 2020.After obtaining ethical clearance, a total 144 individuals were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria with age ranging from 18-50 years. Group A was study group selected from Out Patient Department of Psychiatry of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka diagnosed by the experienced psychiatrist. Group B was control group who were apparently healthy adults selected from different area of Dhaka city. The subjects were interviewed and detailed history regarding personal, family, medical and drug history were taken. Prior to sample collection, informed written consent was taken from the participants. Urinary vanillylmandelic acid levels were measured in the Department of Endocrinology, BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka. Statistical analysis: For statistical analysis, Unpaired Student’s ‘t’ test was considered using SPSS 25.0 version. Results: Urinary vanillylmandelic acid of generalized anxiety disorder patients was significantly higher (p< 0.001) than control group. Conclusion: It can be concluded that generalized anxiety disorder patients may have more chance of thrombotic diseases due to significantly higher urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) levels than healthy adults.

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