scholarly journals Influence of Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Carotid and Femoral Atherosclerotic Plaque Volume as Measured by Three-Dimensional Ultrasound

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Noflatscher ◽  
Michael Schreinlechner ◽  
Philip Sommer ◽  
Julia Kerschbaum ◽  
Katharina Berggren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Ultrasound ◽  
Volume Measurement ◽  
Plaque Volume ◽  
Ultrasound Technique ◽  
Branching Points

Background: Atherosclerosis is a systemic multifocal disease with a preference for the branching points of the arteries. In this study, we quantitatively measured carotid and femoral plaque volume in subjects with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and/or established atherosclerotic disease using a 3D ultrasound technique. Methods: In this prospective, single-centre study, we included 404 patients (median age 64; 56.9% men) with at least one CVRF or established cardiovascular disease. Plaque volume was measured using 3D ultrasound equipped with an automated software. Results: We found a strong correlation of plaque volume with CVRF and the number of vascular beds involved. The strongest associations with total and femoral plaque volume were noted for smoking, hypertension, age, as well as for the presence of peripheral arterial occlusive disease (p <0.05). Carotid plaque volume was best predicted by hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, age, as well as the presence of cerebrovascular disease and coronary artery disease (p <0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that smoking appears to be associated with total and femoral plaque volume, whereas hyperlipidaemia seems to be associated with carotid plaque volume. Measurement of 3D plaque volume is a practical and reproducible technique with the potential to become an additional screening tool in cardiovascular risk stratification.

scholarly journals Automated versus manual segmentation of atherosclerotic carotid plaque volume and components in CTA: associations with cardiovascular risk factors

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 877-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijela Vukadinovic ◽  
Sietske Rozie ◽  
Marjon van Gils ◽  
Theo van Walsum ◽  
Rashindra Manniesing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Manual Segmentation ◽  
Plaque Volume

Association of plaque echostructure and cardiovascular risk factors with symptomatic carotid artery disease

VASA ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giannoukas ◽  
Sfyroeras ◽  
Griffin ◽  
Saleptsis ◽  
Antoniou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Symptomatic Disease ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Ica Stenosis

Background: Severity of stenosis remains the main factor for assessing risk of stroke in patients with internal carotid artery (ICA) disease. This study was conducted to investigate the association of plaque echostructure and other established and emerging cardiovascular risk factors with symptomatic ICA disease. Design: Cross-sectional study of consecutive patients with significant (> 50 %) ICA stenosis. Patients and methods: Carotid plaque echostructure, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, serum lipoprotein (a), homocysteine, vitamin B12, folate, cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein ratio, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, and the Framingham risk score were assessed in 124 consecutive patients (70 asymptomatic; 54 symptomatic) with significant (> 50 %) ICA stenosis. Results: The asymptomatic and symptomatic groups did not differ in terms of gender distribution (p = 0.76) and severity of stenosis (p = 0.62). Echolucent plaques (type 1 and 2) were more predominant in patients with symptomatic disease (p = 0.004, OR = 2.13, 95 % CI = 1.26-3.6). Patients with plaques type 1 were relatively younger than those with type 4 (p = 0.02). None of the other factors assessed had any significant association with symptomatic disease and any type of carotid plaque. Conclusions: Besides the severity of carotid stenosis, the presence of an echolucent plaque appears as an important factor associated with symptomatic ICA disease. Also, young patients are more likely to have an echolucent plaque suggesting an age-related association with plaque maturation.

scholarly journals Population distribution of traditional and the emerging cardiovascular risk factors carotid plaque and IMT: the REFINE-Reykjavik study with comparison with the Tromsø study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. e019385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolli Thorsson ◽  
Gudny Eiriksdottir ◽  
Sigurdur Sigurdsson ◽  
Elias Freyr Gudmundsson ◽  
Michael L Bots ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Population Distribution

Abstract 2509: Do Systemic Risk factors Impact the Composition of Coronary Plaques as Measured by IVUS-RF analysis? Results from the Global VH Registry on Whole Vessel Analysis

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Philipp ◽  
Dirk Böse ◽  
William Wijns ◽  
Steven P Marso ◽  
Robert S Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Intravascular Ultrasound ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Necrotic Core ◽  
Plaque Composition ◽  
Plaque Volume

Background: Cardiovascular risk factors have an impact on coronary atherosclerosis evolution. However, there is only limited information about the relationship between risk and atherosclerotic plaque as measured invasively by Intravascular Ultrasound Radiofrequency (IVUS-RF) analysis. The Aim of this study was to assess the impact of cardiovascular risk factors not only on overall coronary plaque volume but on coronary plaque composition. Methods: 990 patients from 42 centers were enrolled in the prospective, multicenter, non randomized, global VH-IVUS registry. Coronary lesions were measured by conventional and IVUS-VH parameters using 20MHz Intravascular Ultrasound catheter. The four IVUS-VH plaque components (Dense Calcium-DC, Necrotic Core-NC, Fibrous tissue-F, Fibro Fatty-FF) were analyzed in every recorded frame. The results were expressed as mean cross-sectional areas, and percentage of total plaque volume. Risk factor assessment included correlation with family history of myocardial infarction, past or current smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and laboratory measurements. Results: Patients with diabetes have an increased relative amount of NC (6.47±0.28% vs. 5.86±0.14%, p=0.037) and DC (4.58±0.27% vs. 3.90±0.14%, p=0.017), Patients with hypertension have an increased relative amount of FF, DC (4.35±0.16% vs. 3.57±0.17%, p=0.02) and NC (6.24±0.17% vs. 5.60±0.19%, p=0.01). Compared with patients with LDL cholesterol 160 mg/dl had higher plaque volume (342.1±26.2mm 3 vs. 318.6±10.7mm 3 ). Linear Regression Analysis showed a correlation between the level of HDL and F (r=−0.149, p<0.01), FF (r=−0 –106, p< 0.01), and NC (r=−0.90, p<0.05). The level of LDL correlated with F (r = 0.110, p < 0.01). Patients with prior MI have an increased percentage of F (30.03±0.59 % vs. 28.20±0.37 %, p<0.009). Smoking had no relevant effect on plaque composition. Conclusion: IVUS-RF analysis detects marked differences in coronary plaque depending on the risk factor profile with particular focus on lipid levels. Patients with greater amounts of necrotic core were associated with hypertension, myocardial infarction, and low HDL. This may have implications for prognosis and systemic treatment of patients with coronary artery disease.

Abstract 2346: Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors Explain Only Small Proportion of the Variation in Carotid Plaque

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Kuo ◽  
Hannah Gardener ◽  
Chuanhui Dong ◽  
Digna Cabral ◽  
David Della-Morte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Cube Root ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Best Fit

Background and Objectives: Subclinical atherosclerotic plaque is an important marker of increased vascular risk. Traditional risk factors explain less than 50% of the variance in atherosclerotic carotid plaque (ACP). Identifying factors underlying unexplained ACP, either deleterious or protective, may help targeting preventive strategies with significant scientific impact and health relevance. We aimed to identify individuals with unexplained subclinical ACP or unexplained protection against ACP using 2-D high-resolution B-mode carotid ultrasound. Methods: As a part of the NINDS carotid imaging project of the Northern Manhattan Study, 1,790 stroke-free individuals (mean age 69±9; 60% women; 61% Hispanic, 19% black, 18% white) were assessed for total ACP burden (TACP), the sum of plaque areas in all carotid arteries (mm 2 ) within an individual and transformed using a cube root function (x 1/3 ) for normality. Multiple linear regression models were conducted: (1) including pre-specified traditional risk factors (age, sex, LDL-cholesterol, diabetes, pack-years of smoking, blood pressure (BP), and treatment for BP); and (2) the best-fit model with addition of socioeconomic and less traditional factors including inflammation biomarkers and homocysteine. The standardized TACP residual scores were constructed from the best-fit regression model to select individuals with unexplained TACP. Results: Prevalence of carotid plaque was 58%. Mean TACP was 12.1±mm 2 before the x 1/3 transformation. Traditional model (model 1) explained 21% of the variance in TACP ( R 2 = 0.21). Age (15%), smoking (3%), systolic BP (1.2%), and diabetes (1%) were most contributing factors. The best-fit model (model 2) explained 23% of TACP, with most contribution by age (14%), smoking (3%), systolic BP (1%), fasting glucose (1%), LDL:HDL ratio (1%), diastolic BP (1%), homocysteine (1%) and white blood cell count (1%). Conclusion: Variation in subclinical carotid plaque is largely unexplained by traditional and novel risk cardiovascular risk factors. Identification of genetic and environmental factors underlying unexplained subclinical atherosclerosis is of utmost importance for successful prevention of cardiovascular disease and stroke.

OS 10-01 PREVALENCE OF CAROTID PLAQUE AND ROLE OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN A VERY ELDERLY POPULATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. e72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Spannella ◽  
Federico Giulietti ◽  
Silvia Buscarini ◽  
Piero Giordano ◽  
Maddalena Ricci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Very Elderly

Carotid plaque in absence of traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors

2010 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. e57-e59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pyung Chun Oh ◽  
Seung Hwan Han ◽  
Ju Seung Kim ◽  
Jeong Beom Park ◽  
Kwang Kon Koh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Plaque
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