scholarly journals Comparison of College Students’ Energy Expenditure, Physical Activity, and Enjoyment during Exergaming and Traditional Exercise

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel McDonough ◽  
Zachary Pope ◽  
Nan Zeng ◽  
Jung Lee ◽  
Zan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
College Students ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents

This study evaluated the effects of exergaming on college students’ energy expenditure (EE), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and enjoyment compared to traditional treadmill exercise, and sex differences. Sixty college students (30 female; X ¯ age = 23.6 ± 4.1 years) completed three 20-min exercise sessions on Xbox 360 Kinect Just Dance (Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA), Xbox 360 Kinect Reflex Ridge (Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA), and treadmill walking. Their EE and PA were assessed by ActiGraph accelerometers (ActiGraph Co.; Pensacola, FL, USA); RPE every four min; enjoyment via an established scale. Significant exercise-type by sex interaction effects were observed for RPE (p < 0.01): females reported significantly lower RPE during exergaming sessions but significantly higher RPE during treadmill walking. Results revealed significant main effects for all outcomes between exercise sessions (all p < 0.01): treadmill walking resulted in significantly higher metabolic equivalents (METs), MVPA, and EE (p < 0 .01), yet lower LPA (p < 0.01), compared to the two exergaming sessions. Participants’ RPE was significantly higher during treadmill walking than during exergaming sessions, with exergaming eliciting significantly higher enjoyment (all p < 0.01). College students find exergaming more enjoyable and report lower RPE compared to traditional treadmill exercise, though not yet matching the moderate physiological intensity level.

Physiological Demand, Metabolic Requirements, and User-Perceived Exertion of Immersive Virtual Reality Exergaming Incorporating an Adaptive Cable Resistance System: An Exploratory Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Hu ◽  
Jonathan D Browne ◽  
Michael T Arnold ◽  
Anthony Robinson ◽  
Marin F Heacock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Immersive Virtual Reality ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents ◽  
Physiological Demand ◽  
Resistance System

BACKGROUND The intersection of games and exercise has sparked the growth of novel training systems with the potential to promote quality physical activity. Innovations in Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) have propelled “exergaming” to the forefront of the fitness landscape. Researchers have yet to fully explore the physiological and metabolic efficacy and applications of the immersive environment and interactive programming. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to measure metabolic (i.e., energy expenditure (EE)) and physiological (i.e., heart rate (HR)) demands and subjective fatigue and enjoyment scores during a signature 30-minute IVR adaptive cable resistance exergaming session. METHODS Fourteen healthy, college-aged individuals (7 females) were initially acquainted with the equipment and acclimated to the virtual reality and gameplay dynamics. Participants then completed a signature 30-minute exergaming session using an IVR adaptive cable resistance system (Black Box VR ®) that incorporated chest press, squat, row, lat pulldown, overhead press, and stiff leg deadlift. During the session, a portable metabolic gas exchange analysis system assessed energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry and a chest-worn monitor captured heart rate. Immediately following the session, participants completed questionnaires including the Borg scale for Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE), the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES), and the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ). RESULTS EE was greater in males compared to females in terms of kcal/min (P = 0.001), total kcal (P = 0.001), and metabolic equivalents (P = 0.029). Females demonstrated a higher average HR (P = 0.020) and HR as a percentage of theoretical HRmax (P = 0.018). The overall mean metabolic equivalent (MET) during the session was 12.9 (0.5). Men achieved greater volume of total weight lifted during the session (P < 0.001) and with chest press (P = 0.005), overhead press (P = 0.001), stiff-leg deadlift (P = 0.002), and squat (P = 0.015). For the questionnaires, the mean (SD) of RPE, PACES and SSQ was 14 (1), 4.31 (0.36) and 24.04 (24.13), respectively. CONCLUSIONS IVR exergaming with resistance cable training elicits substantial EE and very high physiological demand while attenuating perceived psychological and physical fatigue. Further investigations of IVR utility should explore nuanced muscle recruitment patterns during training and long-term regimen adherence.

Energy Expenditure in Vinyasa Yoga Versus Walking

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 597-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally A. Sherman ◽  
Renee J. Rogers ◽  
Kelliann K. Davis ◽  
Ryan L. Minster ◽  
Seth A. Creasy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity

Background:Whether the energy cost of vinyasa yoga meets the criteria for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity has not been established.Purpose:To compare energy expenditure during acute bouts of vinyasa yoga and 2 walking protocols.Methods:Participants (20 males, 18 females) performed 60-minute sessions of vinyasa yoga (YOGA), treadmill walking at a self-selected brisk pace (SELF), and treadmill walking at a pace that matched the heart rate of the YOGA session (HR-Match). Energy expenditure was assessed via indirect calorimetry.Results:Energy expenditure was significantly lower in YOGA compared with HR-Match (difference = 79.5 ± 44.3 kcal; P < .001) and SELF (difference = 51.7 ± 62.6 kcal; P < .001), but not in SELF compared with HR-Match (difference = 27.8 ± 72.6 kcal; P = .054). A similar pattern was observed for metabolic equivalents (HR-Match = 4.7 ± 0.8, SELF = 4.4 ± 0.7, YOGA = 3.6 ± 0.6; P < .001). Analyses using only the initial 45 minutes from each of the sessions, which excluded the restorative component of YOGA, showed energy expenditure was significantly lower in YOGA compared with HR-Match (difference = 68.0 ± 40.1 kcal; P < .001) but not compared with SELF (difference = 15.1 ± 48.7 kcal; P = .189).Conclusions:YOGA meets the criteria for moderate-intensity physical activity. Thus, YOGA may be a viable form of physical activity to achieve public health guidelines and to elicit health benefits.

Perceived Exertion of Physical Activity During Pregnancy

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1039-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mallory R. Marshall ◽  
James M. Pivarnik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Physical Activity Intensity ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Vigorous Intensity

Background:Maternal physical activity declines across gestation, possibly due to changing perception of physical activity intensity. Our purpose was to a) determine whether rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during a treadmill exercise changes at a given energy expenditure, and b) identify the influence of prepregnancy physical activity behavior on this relationship.Methods:Fifty-one subjects were classified as either exercisers (N = 26) or sedentary (N = 25). Participants visited our laboratory at 20 and 32 weeks gestation and at 12 weeks postpartum. At each visit, women performed 5 minutes of moderate and vigorous treadmill exercise; speed was self-selected. Heart rate (HR), oxygen consumption (VO2), and RPE were measured during the last minute at each treadmill intensity.Results:At moderate intensity, postpartum VO2 was higher compared with 20- or 32-week VO2, but there was no difference for HR or RPE. For vigorous intensity, postpartum HR and VO2 were higher than at 32 weeks, but RPE was not different at any time points.Conclusions:RPE does not differ by pregnancy time point at either moderate or vigorous intensity. However, relative to energy cost, physical activity was perceived to be more difficult at 32 weeks compared with other time points. Pregnant women, then, may compensate for physiological changes during gestation by decreasing walking/running speeds.

Stride Rate and Walking Intensity in Healthy Older Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Peacock ◽  
Allan Hewitt ◽  
David A. Rowe ◽  
Rona Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Multilevel Model ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Overground Walking ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Stride Rate

Purpose:The study investigated (a) walking intensity (stride rate and energy expenditure) under three speed instructions; (b) associations between stride rate, age, height, and walking intensity; and (c) synchronization between stride rate and music tempo during overground walking in a population of healthy older adults.Methods:Twenty-nine participants completed 3 treadmill-walking trials and 3 overground-walking trials at 3 self-selected speeds. Treadmill VO2 was measured using indirect calorimetry. Stride rate and music tempo were recorded during overground-walking trials.Results:Mean stride rate exceeded minimum thresholds for moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) under slow (111.41 ± 11.93), medium (118.17 ± 11.43), and fast (123.79 ± 11.61) instructions. A multilevel model showed that stride rate, age, and height have a significant effect (p < .01) on walking intensity.Conclusions:Healthy older adults achieve MVPA with stride rates that fall below published minima for MVPA. Stride rate, age, and height are significant predictors of energy expenditure in this population. Music can be a useful way to guide walking cadence.

scholarly journals Physiological and Perceptual Responses to Self-Selected Exercise Pace on A Track Versus Treadmill

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riley Galloway, Ph.D. ◽  
Robert Booker, M.S. ◽  
Hunter Haynes, M.S. ◽  
Megan Holmes, Ph.D. ◽  
Jacob Gdovin, Ph.D.
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exercise Modality ◽  
Perceived Effort ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: To investigate differences between a controlled and non-controlled exercise modality when walking and running at self-selected pace. Methods: Male and female participants (N=30, 21.07±0.88 years of age) engaged in four sessions testing V̇O2max, one-mile walk and run on an indoor track, and one-mile walk and run on a laboratory treadmill. With a significance level set at p<0.05, the following results were found. Results: Walking and running heart rate and rating of perceived exertion were significantly higher on the treadmill compared to the track (p<0.05). However, energy expenditure showed no significant difference between exercise modality (p=0.611). Treadmill exercise resulted in higher V̇O2 values for males during both walk and run pace (p=0.041 and p=0.002, respectively). Conclusions: Exercise programming is an individualized process which should consider differences among modalities, settings, and affective responses. We observed an increased perceived effort during treadmill exercise while maintaining similar energy expenditure. The provisions of autonomy and individuality may decrease perceived effort while maintaining energy expenditure, thus providing positive affective responses promoting adherence. With these differences between modalities in mind, exercise professionals should consider appropriate adjustments to intensity when targeting specific adaptations. These adjustments may also influence adherence to a prescribed program.

scholarly journals Walking cadence (steps/min) and intensity in 61–85-year-old adults: the CADENCE-Adults study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catrine Tudor-Locke ◽  
Jose Mora-Gonzalez ◽  
Scott W. Ducharme ◽  
Elroy J. Aguiar ◽  
John M. Schuna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Prediction Interval ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Physical Activity Intensity ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents

Abstract Background Heuristic (i.e., evidence-based, rounded) cadences of ≥100 and ≥ 130 steps/min have consistently corresponded with absolutely-defined moderate (3 metabolic equivalents [METs]) and vigorous (6 METs) physical activity intensity, respectively, in adults 21–60 years of age. There is no consensus regarding similar thresholds in older adults. Purpose To provide heuristic cadence thresholds for 3, 4, 5, and 6 METs in 61–85-year-old adults. Methods Ninety-eight community-dwelling ambulatory and ostensibly healthy older adults (age = 72.6 ± 6.9 years; 49% women) walked on a treadmill for a series of 5-min bouts (beginning at 0.5 mph with 0.5 mph increments) in this laboratory-based cross-sectional study until: 1) transitioning to running, 2) reaching ≥75% of their age-predicted maximum heart rate, or 3) reporting a Borg rating of perceived exertion > 13. Cadence was directly observed and hand-tallied. Intensity (oxygen uptake [VO2] mL/kg/min) was assessed with indirect calorimetry and converted to METs (1 MET = 3.5 mL/kg/min). Cadence thresholds were identified via segmented mixed effects model regression and using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. Final heuristic cadence thresholds represented an analytical compromise based on classification accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and overall accuracy). Results Cadences of 103.1 (95% Prediction Interval: 70.0–114.2), 116.4 (105.3–127.4), 129.6 (118.6–140.7), and 142.9 steps/min (131.8–148.4) were identified for 3, 4, 5, and 6 METs, respectively, based on the segmented regression. Comparable values based on ROC analysis were 100.3 (95% Confidence Intervals: 95.7–103.1), 111.5 (106.1–112.9), 116.0 (112.4–120.2), and 128.6 steps/min (128.3–136.4). Heuristic cadence thresholds of 100, 110, and 120 were associated with 3, 4, and 5 METs. Data to inform a threshold for ≥6 METs was limited, as only 6/98 (6.0%) participants achieved this intensity. Conclusions Consistent with previous data collected from 21–40 and 41–60-year-old adults, heuristic cadence thresholds of 100, 110, and 120 steps/min were associated with 3, 4, and 5 METs, respectively, in 61–85-year-old adults. Most older adults tested did not achieve the intensity of ≥6 METs; therefore, our data do not support establishing thresholds corresponding with this intensity level. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02650258. Registered 24 December 2015.

scholarly journals A proper reference metabolic equivalent value to assess physical activity intensity in Japanese female nurses

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Ideno ◽  
Kunihiko Hayashi ◽  
Jung Su Lee ◽  
Yukiko Miyazaki ◽  
Shosuke Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Physical Activity Intensity ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
Mcmc Simulation

Abstract Background Various questionnaires have been developed to assess physical activity, but only a few simple questionnaires are suitable for self-administration in large groups of midlife working women. This study examined the usefulness of the Japan Nurses’ Health Study (JNHS) questionnaire for self-administered physical activity surveys. Methods The JNHS physical activity questionnaire consisted of items covering seven degrees of intensity. The metabolic equivalents (METs) for the physical activity intensity of the questionnaire were estimated from energy expenditure as measured by a uniaxial accelerometer with the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation. The estimated METs were then assigned to the JNHS baseline survey data, and the total energy expenditure (TEE) and the time spent performing ≥3 METs hour of physical activity, called moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA), were calculated. Results For working situations, application of the MCMC simulation resulted in estimated reference values of 1.2 METs for “sitting work”, 1.6 METs for “standing work”, 1.8 METs for “walking work”, and 4.5 METs for “heavy work”. For non-working situations, the estimated values were 1.1 METs for sedentary time, 2.4 METs for “moderate physical activity”, 4.4 METs for “vigorous physical activity”, and 9.4 METs for “very vigorous physical activity”. When these estimated METs were used, the mean TEE/day was 1808 kcal. This corresponded to − 3.0% of the TEE/day generated by the accelerometer. These estimated MET values showed similar results as a previous study measuring activity using the doubly-labeled water method. The number of hours per week of MVPA significantly decreased with age, which is also consistent with previous findings. Conclusions Estimated reference MET values in this study were similar to those in previous studies of Japanese women. The JNHS questionnaire is therefore useful for epidemiological surveys of midlife working women because it assigns estimated MET values as physical activity intensities.

Metabolic Demands of Yoga at Varying Tempos and Compared With Walking

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 575-580
Author(s):  
J. Luke Pryor ◽  
Brittany Christensen ◽  
Catherine G. R. Jackson ◽  
Stephanie Moore-Reed
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Yoga Practice ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents

Background: Yoga is a popular alternative to walking, but the tempo at which asanas must be performed to elicit comparable metabolic and cardiorespiratory demands is unknown. Therefore, the authors aim to compare the metabolic demands of moderate-intensity walking to Surya Namaskar yoga performed at varying tempos. Methods: Inactive obese adults with limited prior yoga experience (n = 10) completed 10 minutes of treadmill walking at a self-selected pace (rating of perceived exertion = 12–13) and three, 10-minute bouts of yoga at a low (6 s/pose; LSUN), medium (4 s/pose; MSUN), and high (3 s/pose; HSUN) tempo with 10-minutes rest between exercise bouts. Results: Mean metabolic equivalents observed in MSUN (3.64 [0.607]), HSUN (4.22 [0.459]), and treadmill (5.29 [1.147]) were greater than 3.0 (P ≤ .01), but not LSUN (3.28 [0.529], P = .13). Treadmill elicited greater caloric and kilocaloric expenditure (1.36 [0.23] L·min−1; 64 [11] kcal) than LSUN (0.87 [0.24] L·min−1; 39 [11] kcal) and MSUN (1.00 [0.29] L·min−1; 45 [13] kcal) (P ≤ .01). Absolute between yoga tempos were not different, but relative was higher in HSUN (14.89 [1.74] mL·min−1·kg) versus LSUN (11.39 [1.83] mL·min−1·kg) (P = .02). Conclusions: Yoga can meet (LSUN) or exceed (MSUN and HSUN) moderate-intensity exercise recommendations. For unfit or obese populations, varying tempos of yoga practice may serve as a lower-impact option for beginning an exercise program.

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