scholarly journals Acute Kidney Injury Definition and Diagnosis: A Narrative Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Gameiro ◽  
Jose Agapito Fonseca ◽  
Sofia Jorge ◽  
Jose Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Patient Prognosis ◽  
Care Costs

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex syndrome characterized by a decrease in renal function and associated with numerous etiologies and pathophysiological mechanisms. It is a common diagnosis in hospitalized patients, with increasing incidence in recent decades, and associated with poorer short- and long-term outcomes and increased health care costs. Considering its impact on patient prognosis, research has focused on methods to assess patients at risk of developing AKI and diagnose subclinical AKI, as well as prevention and treatment strategies, for which an understanding of the epidemiology of AKI is crucial. In this review, we discuss the evolving definition and classification of AKI, and novel diagnostic methods.

scholarly journals Acute Kidney Injury: From Diagnosis to Prevention and Treatment Strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Gameiro ◽  
José Agapito Fonseca ◽  
Cristina Outerelo ◽  
José António Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Therapy Strategies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Care Costs ◽  
Long Term Mortality

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by an acute decrease in renal function that can be multifactorial in its origin and is associated with complex pathophysiological mechanisms. In the short term, AKI is associated with an increased length of hospital stay, health care costs, and in-hospital mortality, and its impact extends into the long term, with AKI being associated with increased risks of cardiovascular events, progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD), and long-term mortality. Given the impact of the prognosis of AKI, it is important to recognize at-risk patients and improve preventive, diagnostic, and therapy strategies. The authors provide a comprehensive review on available diagnostic, preventive, and treatment strategies for AKI.

scholarly journals Preventing Contrast-induced Renal Failure: A Guide

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Faggioni ◽  
◽  
Roxana Mehran ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Kidney Dysfunction ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Short And Long Term

Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is characterised by a rapid deterioration of renal function within a few days of parenteral administration of contrast media (CM) in the absence of alternative causes. CI-AKI is the most common form of iatrogenic kidney dysfunction with an estimated prevalence of 12 % in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Although usually selfresolving, in patients with pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD) or concomitant risk factors for renal damage, CI-AKI is associated with increased short- and long-term morbidity and mortality. Therefore, risk stratification based on clinical and peri-procedural characteristics is crucial in selecting patients at risk of CI-AKI who would benefit the most from implementation of preventive measures.

Short- and Long-term Outcomes of Kidney Transplants From Very Small (≤15 kg) Pediatric Donors With Acute Kidney Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Troppmann ◽  
Chandrasekar Santhanakrishnan ◽  
Ghaneh Fananapazir ◽  
Junichiro Sageshima ◽  
Kathrin M. Troppmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Transplants ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Pediatric Donors

Acute Kidney Injury following Cardiac Surgery

2015 ◽  
pp. 451-480
Author(s):  
Bryan Romito ◽  
Joseph Meltzer
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Physiology ◽  
General Management ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
And Function

The primary goal of this chapter is to provide the reader with an overview of basic renal physiology and function and to review the identification, pathogenesis, and treatment of acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery. Particular focus will be directed toward the diagnostic criteria for acute kidney injury, short- and long-term impacts on patient outcomes, role of novel biomarkers, mechanisms of acute renal injury, general management principles, preventative strategies, and the influence of anesthetic and surgical techniques on its development. The content of this chapter will serve to underscore a particularly harmful but likely underappreciated problem affecting patients in the cardiothoracic critical care setting.

scholarly journals Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury: Short- and Long-Term Implications

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D. Weisbord ◽  
Paul M. Palevsky
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Influence of acute kidney injury on short- and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: risk factors and prognostic value of a modified RIFLE classification

Critical Care ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. R293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan C Lopez-Delgado ◽  
Francisco Esteve ◽  
Herminia Torrado ◽  
David Rodríguez-Castro ◽  
Maria L Carrio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Rifle Classification ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Bilateral renal infarction with COVID-19 pneumonia: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (11-12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kundan Jana ◽  
Kalyana C Janga ◽  
Sheldon Greenberg ◽  
Kamlesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Renal Infarction ◽  
Patient Reported

ABSTRACT Acute renal infarction is a rare and often underdiagnosed condition with estimated incidence of 0.5–1.5%. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been shown to cause a hypercoagulable state in patients leading to arterial and venous thromboembolism. Renal infarction as a consequence of COVID-associated coagulopathy has been reported, sometimes resulting in acute kidney injury. Most of the patients so far reported had other existing comorbidities and risk factors that compounded the risk of precipitating an infarction. Here, we present a 37-year-old, the youngest patient reported so far, with no pre-existing comorbidities or risk factors, who developed bilateral renal infarction with COVID-19 pneumonia. The patient was treated with anticoagulation for renal infarction and discharged on apixaban. Anticoagulation is an important part of current treatment strategies for COVID-19 pneumonia and should extend beyond the acute phase of the disease to prevent long-term sequelae, especially in young patients.

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