scholarly journals The Incidence and Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome Amongst a Group of Migrants to Qatar: A Prospective Longitudinal Observational Cohort Study 24-Months Post-Migration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Rana Moustafa Al-Adawi ◽  
Kirti Sathyananda Prabhu ◽  
Derek Stewart ◽  
Cristin Ryan ◽  
Hani Abdelaziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Observational Cohort Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New Onset

While there is some evidence that migration to Western countries increases metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk, there is a lack of data pertaining to migration to the Middle East. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between migration and MetS incidence following 24-months of residency in Qatar and identify possible MetS determinants. Migrants to Qatar employed at Hamad Medical Corporation (the national health service) aged 18–65 years were invited to participate. Baseline and follow-up screening for MetS included HbA1c, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, blood pressure, and waist circumference. MetS-free migrants were rescreened 24-months post-migration, and the World Health Organization STEPwise questionnaire was administered, assessing changes in lifestyle from baseline. Of 1095 migrants contacted, 472 consented to participate, 205 of whom had normal metabolic parameters at baseline; 160 completed follow-up screening. Most participants were males (74.6%, n = 153) and Asian (81.0%, n = 166/205), and two thirds (66.3%, n = 136/205) were nurses. The incidence of new-onset MetS was 17.0% (n = 27/160, 95%CI; 11.0–23.0%), with 81.0% (n = 129/160, 95%CI; 73.8–86.0%) having at least one MetS element 24-months post-residency in Qatar. Male gender was a risk factor for MetS (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3, p = 0.116), as was consuming medication that could induce MetS (AOR = 6.3, p < 0.001). There is merit in further research targeting these groups.

scholarly journals The clinical spectrum of Erdheim-Chester disease: an observational cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 357-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juvianee I. Estrada-Veras ◽  
Kevin J. O’Brien ◽  
Louisa C. Boyd ◽  
Rahul H. Dave ◽  
Benjamin H. Durham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Observational Cohort Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Key Points ◽  
The World ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Erdheim Chester ◽  
Chester Disease

Key Points ECD varies in terms of age of onset, clinical presentation, manifestations, organ involvement, disease severity, and survival. ECD is a neoplasm and should be adopted by the field of hematology-oncology following the World Health Organization reclassification.

scholarly journals The Relationship between AKI and CKD in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: An Observational Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Hapca ◽  
Moneeza K. Siddiqui ◽  
Ryan S.Y. Kwan ◽  
Michelle Lim ◽  
Shona Matthew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Observational Cohort Study ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Egfr Slope

BackgroundThere are few observational studies evaluating the risk of AKI in people with type 2 diabetes, and even fewer simultaneously investigating AKI and CKD in this population. This limits understanding of the interplay between AKI and CKD in people with type 2 diabetes compared with the nondiabetic population.MethodsIn this retrospective, cohort study of participants with or without type 2 diabetes, we used electronic healthcare records to evaluate rates of AKI and various statistical methods to determine their relationship to CKD status and further renal function decline.ResultsWe followed the cohort of 16,700 participants (9417 with type 2 diabetes and 7283 controls without diabetes) for a median of 8.2 years. Those with diabetes were more likely than controls to develop AKI (48.6% versus 17.2%, respectively) and have preexisting CKD or CKD that developed during follow-up (46.3% versus 17.2%, respectively). In the absence of CKD, the AKI rate among people with diabetes was nearly five times that of controls (121.5 versus 24.6 per 1000 person-years). Among participants with CKD, AKI rate in people with diabetes was more than twice that of controls (384.8 versus 180.0 per 1000 person-years after CKD diagnostic date, and 109.3 versus 47.4 per 1000 person-years before CKD onset in those developing CKD after recruitment). Decline in eGFR slope before AKI episodes was steeper in people with diabetes versus controls. After AKI episodes, decline in eGFR slope became steeper in people without diabetes, but not among those with diabetes and preexisting CKD.ConclusionsPatients with diabetes have significantly higher rates of AKI compared with patients without diabetes, and this remains true for individuals with preexisting CKD.

Six vs Eight Weeks of Antibiotics for Small Mycobacterium ulcerans Lesions in Australian Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1993-1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P O’Brien ◽  
N Deborah Friedman ◽  
Raquel Cowan ◽  
Aaron Walton ◽  
Eugene Athan
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Mycobacterium Ulcerans ◽  
World Health ◽  
Paradoxical Reaction ◽  
Significant Toxicity ◽  
Antibiotic Group ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

Abstract Background Antibiotics are highly effective in curing Mycobacterium ulcerans lesions, but are associated with significant toxicity. In those not undergoing surgery, we compared 6 weeks with the currently recommended 8 weeks of combination antibiotic therapy for small M. ulcerans lesions. Methods Mycobacterium ulcerans cases from an observational cohort at Barwon Health, Victoria, treated with antibiotics alone from 1 October 2010 to 31 March 2018 were included. The 6-week antibiotic group received ≥28 days and ≤42 days and the 8-week antibiotic group received ≥56 days of antibiotic therapy, respectively. Only World Health Organization category 1 lesions were included. Results 207 patients were included; 53 (25.6%) in the 6-week group and 154 (74.4%) in the 8-week group. The median age of patients was 53 years (interquartile range [IQR], 33–69 years) and 100 (48.3%) were female. Lesions were ≤900 mm2 in size in 79.7% of patients and 93.2% were ulcerative. Fifty-three patients (100%) achieved treatment cure in the 6-week group compared with 153 (99.4%) in the 8-week group (P = .56). No patients died or were lost to follow-up during the study. Median time to heal was 70 days (IQR, 60–96 days) in the 6-week group and 128 days (IQR, 95–173 days) in the 8-week group (P &lt; .001). Two (3.8%) patients in the 6-week group experienced a paradoxical reaction compared with 39 (25.3%) patients in the 8-week group (P = .001). Conclusions For selected small M. ulcerans lesions, 6 weeks may be as effective as 8 weeks of combined antibiotic therapy in curing lesions without surgery.

scholarly journals Effect of Myoinositol and Antioxidants on Sperm Quality in Men with Metabolic Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Montanino Oliva ◽  
Elisa Minutolo ◽  
Assunta Lippa ◽  
Paola Iaconianni ◽  
Alberto Vaiarelli
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
World Health ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Semen Characteristics ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

This prospective longitudinal study investigated the effects of a dietary supplement in patients affected by reduced sperm motility (asthenospermic males) with metabolic syndrome. The product tested was Andrositol®, which contains myoinositol (MI) as principal compound, in association with other molecules, and the parameters evaluated were semen characteristics as well as hormone and metabolic profiles. The inclusion criteria were subjects aged over 18 years, with asthenospermia and metabolic syndrome. The exclusion criteria were presence of cryptorchidism, varicocele, and prostatitis. For this study, 45 males who had such features were enrolled. Their selection was made according to the 2010 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria (5th Edition) for the Evaluation of Human Semen. Hormone and metabolic profiles and semen parameters were assessed at the beginning of the study and after three months of treatment with Andrositol. The differences between the values before and after the supplementation were found statistically significant. Andrositol normalized the metabolic profile of these patients, improving their insulin sensitivity. Moreover, testosterone levels were increased and the semen characteristics, such as sperm concentration, motility, and morphology, highly improved. In conclusion, the association of MI with other molecules (micronutrients and vitamins) could be an effective therapy for metabolic disorders, as well as hormonal and spermatic changes responsible for male infertility.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Risk Factors among Urban Sikh Population of Amritsar

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shweta Shenoy ◽  
Jaspal Singh Sandhu ◽  
Amrinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
World Health ◽  
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
Plasma Insulin Levels ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT Metabolic syndrome (MS) refers to a cluster of various interrelated cardiometabolic risk factors that promote the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). South Asians also seem to have a peculiar body phenotype known as South Asian Phenotype, characterized by increased waist circumference, increased waist hip ratio, excessive body fat mass, increased plasma insulin levels and insulin resistance, as well as an atherogenic dyslipidemia, with low levels of HDL cholesterol and increased triglyceride levels. Epidemiologists in India and international agencies such as the world health organization (WHO) have been sounding an alarm on the rapidly rising burden of CVD for the past 15 years. Thus, the primary aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of ms in the Urban Sikh Population of Amritsar by means of a door-to-door survey. A secondary aim was to identify the risk factors for the development of ms. The sample size of 1089 subjects was calculated. This study focused on Urban Sikhs living in Amritsar, Punjab. The overall prevalence of ms in Urban Sikh population of Amritsar was 34.3% with a higher prevalence among women (41.4%) compared with men (28.2%). We also found that the prevalence of ms increases with age in both sexes. We infer that out of 1089 subjects there were only 84 subjects who reported with not a single abnormal component of the ms. The rest 1005 subjects had either one or more component abnormal in them. How to cite this article Singh A, Shenoy S, Sandhu JS. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and its Risk Factors among Urban Sikh Population of Amritsar. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(1):18-25.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Course of IgA and IgG Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Healthcare Workers during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Germany: Interim Results from an Ongoing Observational Cohort Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 498
Author(s):  
Mark Reinwald ◽  
Peter Markus Deckert ◽  
Oliver Ritter ◽  
Henrike Andresen ◽  
Andreas G. Schreyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Observational Cohort Study ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Observational Cohort

(1) Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are prone to intensified exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the ongoing pandemic. We prospectively analyzed the prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in HCWs at baseline and follow up with regard to clinical signs and symptoms in two university hospitals in Brandenburg, Germany. (2) Methods: Screening for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA and IgG antibodies was offered to HCWs at baseline and follow up two months thereafter in two hospitals of Brandenburg Medical School during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany in an ongoing observational cohort study. Medical history and signs and symptoms were recorded by questionnaires and analyzed. (3) Results: Baseline seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA was 11.7% and increased to 15% at follow up, whereas IgG seropositivity was 2.1% at baseline and 2.2% at follow up. The rate of asymptomatic seropositive cases was 39.5%. Symptoms were not associated with general seropositivity for anti-SARS-CoV-2; however, class switch from IgA to IgG was associated with increased symptom burden. (4) Conclusions: The seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was low in HCWs but higher compared to population data and increased over time. Screening for antibodies detected a significant proportion of seropositive participants cases without symptoms.

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome Features and Excess Weight Were Inversely Associated with Nut Consumption after 1-Year Follow-Up in the PREDIMED-Plus Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (12) ◽  
pp. 3161-3170
Author(s):  
Alicia Julibert ◽  
Maria del Mar Bibiloni ◽  
Laura Gallardo-Alfaro ◽  
Manuela Abbate ◽  
Miguel Á Martínez-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
Study Cohort

ABSTRACT Background High nut consumption has been previously associated with decreased prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) regardless of race and dietary patterns. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess whether changes in nut consumption over a 1-y follow-up are associated with changes in features of MetS in a middle-aged and older Spanish population at high cardiovascular disease risk. Methods This prospective 1-y follow-up cohort study, conducted in the framework of the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED)-Plus randomized trial, included 5800 men and women (55–75 y old) with overweight/obesity [BMI (in kg/m2) ≥27 and &lt;40] and MetS. Nut consumption (almonds, pistachios, walnuts, and other nuts) was assessed using data from a validated FFQ. The primary outcome was the change from baseline to 1 y in features of MetS [waist circumference (WC), glycemia, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure] and excess weight (body weight and BMI) according to tertiles of change in nut consumption. Secondary outcomes included changes in dietary and lifestyle characteristics. A generalized linear model was used to compare 1-y changes in features of MetS, weight, dietary intakes, and lifestyle characteristics across tertiles of change in nut consumption. Results As nut consumption increased, between each tertile there was a significant decrease in WC, TG, systolic blood pressure, weight, and BMI (P &lt; 0.05), and a significant increase in HDL cholesterol (only in women, P = 0.044). The interaction effect between time and group was significant for total energy intake (P &lt; 0.001), adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) (P &lt; 0.001), and nut consumption (P &lt; 0.001). Across tertiles of increasing nut consumption there was a significant increase in extra virgin olive oil intake and adherence to the MedDiet; change in energy intake, on the other hand, was inversely related to consumption of nuts. Conclusions Features of MetS and excess weight were inversely associated with nut consumption after a 1-y follow-up in the PREDIMED-Plus study cohort. This trial was registered at isrctn.com as ISRCTN89898870.

scholarly journals Acute Dental Periapical Abscess and New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2927
Author(s):  
Amaar Obaid Hassan ◽  
Gregory Y. H. Lip ◽  
Arnaud Bisson ◽  
Julien Herbert ◽  
Alexandre Bodin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
National Database ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Periapical Abscess ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Onset Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
New Onset

There are limited data on the relationship of acute dental infections with hospitalisation and new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF). This study aimed to assess the relationship between acute periapical abscess and incident AF. This was a retrospective cohort study from a French national database of patients hospitalized in 2013 (3.4 million patients) with at least five years of follow up. In total, 3,056,291 adults (55.1% female) required hospital admission in French hospitals in 2013 while not having a history of AF. Of 4693 patients classified as having dental periapical abscess, 435 (9.27%) developed AF, compared to 326,241 (10.69%) without dental periapical abscess that developed AF over a mean follow-up of 4.8 ± 1.7 years. Multivariable analysis indicated that dental periapical abscess acted as an independent predictor for new onset AF (p < 0.01). The CHA2DS2VASc score in patients with acute dental periapical abscess had moderate predictive value for development of AF, with Area Under the Curve (AUC) 0.73 (95% CI, 0.71–0.76). An increased risk of new onset AF was identified for individuals hospitalized with dental periapical abscess. Careful follow up of patients with severe, acute dental periapical infections is needed for incident AF, as well as investigations of possible mechanisms linking these conditions.

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