scholarly journals Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis, and Atopic Dermatitis Incidence in Korean Adolescents before and after COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3446
Author(s):  
Hyo Geun Choi ◽  
Il Gyu Kong
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
P Value ◽  
Adolescent Risk Behavior ◽  
Adolescent Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Subgroup Analyses ◽  
Before And After

With changes in personal habits (masks and handwashing) during the COVID-19 outbreak, the study analyzed the reporting of physician-diagnosed cases (incidence) of allergic diseases (asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis) using the data for years 2019 and 2020 from the Korean adolescent risk behavior web-based survey (KYRBWS-15 and 16). Altogether, 92,659 adolescents (48,443 in 2019 and 44,216 in 2020) were enrolled. The crude and adjusted odd ratios (ORs) were calculated for each disease in 2020 compared to that in 2019 using multiple logistic regression. Subgroup analyses were performed according to sex and economic status. The incidence of asthma decreased from 1.5% in 2019 to 1.0% 2020 (p < 0.001). The incidence of allergic rhinitis in 2019 and 2020 was 19.5% and 16.3%, respectively (p < 0.001). Compared with 2019, the adjusted OR (aOR) in 2020 was 0.68 (95% CI = 0.66–0.77, p value < 0.001) for asthma and 0.82 (95% CI = 0.78–0.85, p < 0.001) for allergic rhinitis. In contrast, there was no statistically significant difference between the incidence of atopic dermatitis in 2019 and that in 2020 (6.4%, vs. 6.4%, p > 0.05, respectively). Subgroup analyses results were consistent. In conclusion, there was decrease in the incidence of asthma and allergic rhinitis but not in that of atopic dermatitis from 2019 to 2020.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF VITAMIN D IN DIFFERENT DOSAGE TO TREAT CHILDREN WITH ALLERGIC DISEASES

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1377-1383
Author(s):  
Olexandra V. Tiazhka ◽  
Zoriana V. Selska
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Acute Disease ◽  
Disease Remission ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Doses

The aim: To study the dynamics of the level of 25(ОН)D, ІL-4, ІL-10, and IgG in the blood serum of children with allergic diseases and to study the clinical effect of vitamin D3 administration n different dosage in this category of patients. Materials and methods: 153 children aged 3-16 with such allergic diseases as bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis have been examined. The level of 25(ОН) D was determined using the electrochemiluminescence method, while the levels of ІL-4, ІL-10 and IgG were assessed using enzyme-linked immunoassay. Results: In the contrasting of the initial level of 25(ОН)D in the blood serum of patients after administration of 2,000 IU of vitamin D3 over 2 months, after summer and after treatment with cholecalciferol in higher doses (4,000–5,000 IU) over 2 months, significant difference was established between the indicators by the Friedman criterion (λ2 = 41.211; P < 0.05). In the similar contrasting of ІL-4 indicators, a significant difference between them was traced (P < 0.05) in the period of acute disease as well as the downward tendency in the period of remission. In the similar contrasting of ІL-10 indicators, a significant difference between them was traced (P < 0.05) in the acute period and in the period of disease remission. In the similar contrasting of IgG indicators, a downward tendency was traced in the period of acute disease and significant decrease (P < 0.05) – in the period of disease remission. In the contrasting of 25(ОН)D and ІL-4, ІL-10 figures a strong reverse correlation relationship was traced. The therapeutic effect of the administration of vitamin D3 medication in different doses in children with allergic diseases was traced. Conclusions: The data obtained shows that in the treatment of children with bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis the complex therapy should include vitamin D3 medications in different doses within a long-term course of treatment.

scholarly journals Association among Thyroid Dysfunction, Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis and Eczema in Children with Alopecia Areata

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad Ghaffari ◽  
Ghasem Rahmatpour Rokni ◽  
Armaghan Kazeminejad ◽  
Hosein Abedi
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata is a non-scarring hair loss, which typically starts quickly. Atopy is one of the possible predisposing risk factors for this condition.AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid disease, atopic dermatitis and allergic diseases in children with alopecia areata and compare the results with healthy individuals.METHODS: This case-control study was conducted on 50 patients with alopecia areata, diagnosed by a dermatologist, and 150 healthy individuals as the control group. Participants filled the questionnaires, and necessary tests were performed.RESULTS: In this study, the mean age of the participants was 2.55 ± 14.26 and 3.19 ± 11.92 in the case and control groups, respectively. Prevalence of asthma was 22% in the case group and 12.5% in control group (P = 0.109). Also, allergic rhinitis and eczema were observed in 20% and 22% of the subjects of the case group, whereas they were reported to be 8% and 10% in the control group (PV = 0.03 and 0.175, respectively). Moreover, 28% and 8% of the participants in the case and control groups had a family history of atopy and allergic disorders, respectively (P = 0.046). A significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding gender, type of delivery and contact with animals.CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of this study, a significant association was observed between the prevalence of alopecia areata and atopic conditions, such as allergic rhinitis and history of atopic dermatitis.

Effectiveness of 3 Months of Sublingual Immunotherapy Treatment in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Abdullah Musleh ◽  
Montasir Junaid ◽  
Sadaf Qadeer Ahmed ◽  
Masoud Abdullah M ◽  
Aalshuraym ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Sublingual Immunotherapy ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
P Value ◽  
Skin Sensitivity ◽  
Layer Function ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Introduction: Allergic Rhinitis is one of the most frequent diseases that affect the global population and impairs quality of life. The initial management includes pharmacological treatment and the patients who are refractory to pharmacological treatment are then referred for immunotherapy. SLIT has been widely used for treatment of allergic rhinitis and has proven its clinical efficacy.Objective: To compare the function of mucociliary layer of the nasal cavity by assessing its clearance of the saccharin molecule as well as to compare the skin sensitivity erythema before and after treatment with sublingual immunotherapy in patient with allergic rhinitis.Methods: 50 patients were included in the quasi experimental study according to inclusion criteria and the finding were noted before the treatment with SLIT and then after 3 months post treatment.Results: The analysis showed significant difference p-value Results: The analysis showed significant difference (p-value <0.01) in the function of mucociliary clearance and skin sensitivity erythema after treatment.Conclusion: Sublingual immunotherapy shots administered to allergic rhinitis patients for 3 months is associated with significant improvement in their mucociliary layer function and reduce signs and symptoms of allergic reactions.

scholarly journals PENGARUH TERAPI AKUPRESUR TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI ASI PADA IBU POST PARTUM DI PKU MUHAMADIYAH BANTUL

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Anita Liliana ◽  
Melania Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Breast Milk Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Increase Milk Production ◽  
Postpartum Mothers

Abstract Adequacy of milk production in the newborns will affect the success of exclusive breastfeeding. Not all postpartum mothers are able to increase milk production in the postpartum period. Acupressure at the meridian points is one way to increase milk production in postpartum mothers. This study aims to determine the effect of acupressure therapy on increasing breast milk production in postpartum mothers at PKU Muhamadiyah Bantul. This study was a quantitative study  a quasi-experimental research design with pre-test and post-test nonequivalent control group. The number of respondents in each group was 17 people. The treatment given was acupressure at the meridian points for 5 minutes on days 2 and 3of poatpartum. Breastfeeding adequacy was assessed before treatment and on day 4 postpartum. Data were analyzed by Mc Nemar analysis. The results showed that there was a significant difference in breast milk production before and after acupressure with p value of 0.000 (p value <0.05). There was a significant difference in breast milk production in the control group before and after being given the breastfeeding technique leaflet p value 0.001 (p value <0.05). Conclusion: There is no significant difference in breast milk production after being given acupressure and after being given leaflets about breastfeeding techniques at PKU Muhamadiyah Bantul p value 0.100 (p value> 0.05).  Keywords: acupressure, breast milk production, postpartum

scholarly journals The Effect of Extract Supplements of Moringa Oleifera Leaves Plus Royal Jelly on Hemoglobin (Hb) Levels of Anemia Pregnant Mother in Takalar Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Yulni Yulni ◽  
Veni Hadju ◽  
Burhanuddin Bahar ◽  
Citrakesumasari Citrakesumasari ◽  
Rahayu Indriasari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
P Value ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Double Blind Design

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract supplements, Moringa oleifera leaf extract plus royal jelly and placebo on hemoglobin levels in anemic pregnant women. This research is a randomized controlled double blind design study which was conducted in Polombangkeng Utara District, Takalar Regency for 2 months. The subjects of this study were pregnant women with anemia, the majority of which were 20-35 years old, primigravida parity, income less than UMR, unemployment, higher education, pregnancy distance of more than 2 years with p value> 0.05. Then divided into three groups, namely Moringa capsules plus royal jelly (KRJ) (n = 24), Moringa capsules (KTR) (n = 24) and placeco (PLC) (n = 21). Before and after the intervention, measurements of hemoglobin levels were carried out using the Hemocue tool and interviewing the characteristics of the respondents. The results showed that the average Hb level increased from each group (mean SD): KRJ 10.06 ± 0.75 to 11.42 ± 1.23, P = 0.001, KTR 10.40 ± 0.46 to 11.15 ± 0 , 90 P = 0.001 and PLC 10.43 ± 0.42 becomes 11.14 ± 0.88 P = 0.002. but there was no significant difference from the difference in the average increase in Hb levels in the three groups, but there was a tendency that KRJ was superior to the KTR and PLC groups with an increase of 1.36 gr / dl, KTR 0.75 gr / dl and PLC 0.71 gr / dl. So it can be concluded that KRJ is better than KTR and PLC in increasing Hb levels in anemic pregnant women in Takalar Regency.

scholarly journals Improving The Knowledge Of Primary School Children On Fourth Grade Stundents About Vegetables And Fruits And Attraction Of Puzzle Media In SDN Mekarjaya I

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-145
Author(s):  
Wiena Arynda ◽  
Rosmida M Marbun
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Fourth Grade ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fourth Grade Students ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Media ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

In Indonesia, 93.5% of the population aged ≥10 years still consume less fruits and vegetables 5 servings per day for 7 days a week (RISKESDAS, 2013).  The preliminary study conducted at SDN Mekarjaya I shows that the level of knowledge of school children about vegetables and fruits by 60% is still low and 93.3% of vegetable and fruit consumption is still lacking. In addition, SDN Mekarjaya I has never been used as a place of prior research. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the knowledge of fruit vegetables in the fourth grade students of SDN Mekarjaya I. One of them is by doing counseling with the media of puzzle game. This research was conducted to know the increase of knowledge about vegetables and fruits before and after given counseling with puzzle game media in fourth grade students of SDN Mekarjaya I. This research was conducted by Pre-exsperiment method using "One group pretest and posttest" research design. Sampling by purposive sampling is 66 people. The statistical test used is paired sample t-test. Based on the results of the analysis shows that there is a significant difference of knowledge where p-value 0.000 or p <0,05 means there is a meaningful difference between before and after given counseling with puzzle game media.This puzzle game media can be developed by the teachers as a medium of learning in the classroom so that students are more motivated in following the learning process and make students do not feel bored

scholarly journals The Effect of the Covid-19 Free Operation Path Protocol on the Incidence of Lung Complications in Postoperative Elective Patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1030-1036
Author(s):  
Galih Aktama ◽  
Henky Agung Nugroho ◽  
Muhammad David Perdana Putra
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Elective Patients

The pandemic that began in late 2019, COVID-19, affects all patients, including cancer patients. Patients with cancer that continues to spread and  there is no other effective alternative treatment must undergo surgery so that cancer does not get worse. Given this problem, many health care centers have developed a protocol system in the form of a COVID-19-free surgical route. This study is a retrospective cohort study comparing the incidence of pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery at dr. Moewardi Surakarta before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study sample was adult patients  aged ≥ 18 years which underwent elective surgical procedures with the aim of curative cancer starting before COVID-19 (March 2019-February 2020) until the time the COVID-19 pandemic emerged (March 2020 - February 2021). The data obtained were 768 patients. Of these patients, 384 were classified as having a COVID19-free operation route during the pandemic, and 384 others underwent elective surgery in the pre-pandemic period. Based on the Chi-Square test, a p-value of 0.850 was obtained (P>0.05) which shows that there is significant difference between cases of pulmonary complications in surgical patients before and after the pandemic who were carried out through the COVID-19-free protocol route. In conclusion, there is no significant change in effect of the covid-19 free operation path protocol on the incidence of lung complications in postoperative elective patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta, although this patented and mandatory protocol can reduce cancer patients’ morbidity and mortality who undergoing elective surgery during a pandemic.

scholarly journals Effects of Sublingual Duster Mite Drops on Lung Function and Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Children with Multiple and Single Allergic Respiratory Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Tao Ai ◽  
Ronghua Luo ◽  
Yinghong Fan ◽  
Huiling Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Dermatophagoides Farinae ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Drug Score ◽  
One Year

Objective. To evaluate the efficiency of sublingual immunotherapy with Dermatophagoides Farinae Drops in children with single and multiple respiratory allergic diseases. Methods. Seventy-one children with allergic respiratory diseases who had been treated with Dermatophagoides Farinae Drops for one year or more were divided into a single allergic group (12 cases) and multiple allergic group (59 cases). The rhinitis score, daytime and night symptom score of asthma, VAS score, drug score, pulmonary function, and FeNO level before and after treatment were evaluated and compared between the two groups. Results. The rhinitis score, night symptom score, VAS score, and drug score in the single allergic group after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment ( p < 0.05 ), but there was no significant difference in the daytime symptom score before and after treatment ( p > 0.05 ). The rhinitis score, VAS score, and drug score in the multiple allergic group after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment ( p < 0.05 ), but there was no significant difference in the scores of daytime symptoms and nighttime symptoms before and after treatment ( p > 0.05 ). In both the single allergic group and multiple allergic group, the pulmonary function indexes of the patients were significantly improved after treatment, and the FeNO after treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment ( p < 0.05 ). There was no significant difference in scores, pulmonary function, and FeNO between the two groups ( p > 0.05 ). Conclusion. Sublingual specific immunotherapy is effective in treating multiple and single allergic respiratory diseases in children.

scholarly journals Intestinal parasites in Meche community in relation to their socio-economic status

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
N. Dhakal ◽  
Janak Raj Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
P Value ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Development Committee ◽  
Village Development Committee

Background and Objectives: Intestinal parasites still establishes one of the important causes of public health problem in world, especially in developing countries like Nepal. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in Meche community of Jalthal Village Development Committee of Jhapa district in relation to their socio-economic status. Material and Methods: Study was carried out during June to July 2017 in Meche community of Jalthal Village Development Committee of Jhapa district. A total of 150 human stool samples were randomly collected and examined using direct smear and concentration methods (sedimentation and flotation technique). Results: Among total samples the prevalence of intestinal parasites in Meche community was 27.33%. Prevalence rate in females were higher 32.47% than in males 21.91%. There was no significant difference in the distribution of parasites between male and female (χ2=1.6022, df=1, p value=0.2056). The prevalence of the parasites was maximum in the age group 21- 40 years (47.22%). Altogether 5 species of the intestinal parasites were detected. Among them Ascaris lumbricoides (19.33%) topped the list followed by Taenia solium (2.67%), Hookworm (2.67%), Entamoeba coli (2.67%) and Trichuris trichiura (2%). Conclusion: The high prevalence of infection in community seems directly related to un-hygienic living condition, unsafe drinking water, unhygienic food, lack of health education, poor sanitary condition and low socio-economic status help to increase the burden of the infection in the community.

scholarly journals Short-term impact of introducing a soft opt-out organ donation system in Wales: before and after study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e025159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Noyes ◽  
Leah McLaughlin ◽  
Karen Morgan ◽  
Philip Walton ◽  
Rebecca Curtis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
P Value ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Consent Rate ◽  
Potential Organ Donor ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Donor Numbers

ObjectivesTo determine the short-term impact of a soft opt-out organ donation system on consent rates and donor numbers.DesignBefore and after observational study using bespoke routinely collected data.SettingNational Health Service Blood and Transplant.Participants205 potential organ donor cases in Wales.InterventionsThe Act and implementation strategy.Primary and secondary outcomesConsent rates at 18 months post implementation compared with 3 previous years, and organ donor numbers 21 months before and after implementation. Changes in organ donor register activity post implementation for 18 months.ResultsThe consent rate for all modes of consent was 61.0% (125/205), showing a recovery from the dip to 45.8% in 2014/2015. 22.4% (46/205) were deemed consented donors: consent rate 60.8% (28/46). Compared with the 3 years before the switch there was a significant difference in Welsh consent rates (χ2 p value=0.009). Over the same time period, rest of the UK consent rates also significantly increased from 58.6% (5256/8969) to 63.1% (2913/4614) (χ2 p value<0.0001), therefore the Wales increase cannot be attributed to the Welsh legislation change. Deceased donors did not increase: 101 compared with 104. Organ donation registration increased from 34% to 38% with 6% registering to opt-out.ConclusionThis is the first rigorous initial evaluation with bespoke data collected on all cases. The longer-term impact on consent rates and donor numbers is unclear. Concerns about a potential backlash and mass opting out were not realised. The move to a soft opt-out system has not resulted in a step change in organ donation behaviour, but can be seen as the first step of a longer journey. Policymakers should not assume that soft opt-out systems by themselves simply need more time to have a meaningful effect. Ongoing interventions to further enhance implementation and the public’s understanding of organ donation are needed to reach the 2020 target of 80% consent rates. Further longitudinal monitoring is required.

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