scholarly journals Fatty Liver Is Associated with Low N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in a Healthy Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1402
Author(s):  
Hyo-In Choi ◽  
Mi Yeon Lee ◽  
Byeong Kil Oh ◽  
Seung Jae Lee ◽  
Jeong Gyu Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Multivariable Regression Model ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
The Impact

Fatty liver (FL), insulin resistance (IR) and obesity often coexist, but data on the independent impacts of these factors on N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels are scarce. We examined the impact of FL, IR and obesity on NT-proBNP levels using a large set of cross-sectional data. The associations of FL, IR and obesity with NT-proBNP were analyzed in 39,923 healthy adult participants. IR was estimated using a homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. A multivariable regression model was conducted to identify associations between NT-proBNP and FL on abdominal ultrasound. FL, IR and obesity showed independent inverse associations with NT-proBNP after multiple adjustments for baseline characteristics. In a multivariable regression model adjusting for IR and obesity, FL was independently associated with lower levels of NT-proBNP (estimates, Exp(β) 0.864, 0.849–0.880). The combination of FL and IR was a powerful dual indicator, lowering NT-proBNP levels approximately 25% in the generally healthy study population. In conclusion, FL was independently associated with lower NT-proBNP levels. FL and a high HOMA-IR index are a powerful indicator combination for lower NT-proBNP levels. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanism underlying the association between FL and NT-proBNP.

scholarly journals Fatty Liver is Associated with Low N-terminal pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide in a Healthy Population: From the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo-In Choi ◽  
Mi Yeon Lee ◽  
Byeong Kil Oh ◽  
Seung Jae Lee ◽  
Jeong Gyu Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Multivariable Regression Model ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BackgroundFatty liver (FL), insulin resistance (IR), and obesity often coexist, but data on the independent impacts of these factors on N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in healthy populations are scarce. We therefore examined the impact of FL, IR and obesity on NT-proBNP levels using a large set of cross-sectional data.MethodsThe associations of FL, IR and obesity with NT-proBNP were analyzed in 39,923 healthy adult participants using Kangbuk Samsung Health Study data. IR was estimated using homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. A multivariable regression model that adjusted for factors that influence NT-proBNP was conducted to identify associations between NT-proBNP and FL on abdominal ultrasound. ResultsA total of 11,704 (29.3%) individuals had FL on abdominal ultrasound. FL, IR and obesity showed independent inverse associations with NT-proBNP after multiple adjustments for baseline characteristics. In a multivariable regression model adjusting for IR and obesity, FL was independently associated with lower levels of NT-proBNP (odds ratio 0.864, 0.849 - 0.880). The combination of FL and IR was a powerful dual predictor, lowering NT-proBNP levels approximately 25% in the generally healthy study population.ConclusionIn this large sample of healthy individuals, FL was independently associated with lower NT-proBNP levels. FL and a high HOMA-IR index are a powerful predictor combination for lower NT-proBNP levels. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanism underlying the association between FL and NT-proBNP.

The Effect of the Marketing Strategy in Performance of the Pharmaceutical Sector

2017 ◽  
pp. 278-289
Author(s):  
Irene Samanta
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Pharmaceutical Sector ◽  
Pharmaceutical Firms ◽  
Organizational Benefits ◽  
Multivariable Regression Model ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this research is to examine the impact of Marketing Strategy possesses in pharmaceutical sector in Greece and define the competitive and organizational benefits accumulate from the procedure. A quantitative survey was conducted with a sample of pharmaceutical firms. The method used is Factor analysis and a Multivariable Regression Model in order to forecast the total performance of the organization. The importance of the Marketing Strategy in the current economic conditions provides a practical indication of marketing decision making and if managed carefully and closely monitored it can offer a number of direct competitive benefits to the industries.

Therapeutic Effect of Metformin and Vitamin E Versus Prescriptive Diet in Obese Adolescents with Fatty Liver

2011 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 398-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akcam ◽  
Boyaci ◽  
Pirgon ◽  
Kaya ◽  
Uysal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Obese Adolescents

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine whether metformin or vitamin E treatment for six months is effective in reducing body weight, blood pressure, and also ameliorating insulin resistance, adiponectin, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in obese adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: Sixty-seven obese adolescents with liver steatosis (age range, 9 - 17 years) were included in the study. The metformin group received an 850-mg dose of metformin daily and the vitamin E group received 400 U vitamin E /daily, in capsule form for 6 months, plus an individually tailored diet, exercise, and behavioral therapy. Results: After 6 months later, there was a significant decline in body mass index, and fasting insulin and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) values in all three groups. Moreover, in comparingson of changes in HOMA among the groups, the metformin- treated group showed significantly improved metabolic control and insulin sensitivity (HOMA) at the end of the study. There were no significant differences for changes of adiponectin, TNF-alpha, in all three groups after 6 months study. Conclusion: These data suggest that metformin treatment is more effective than dietary advice and vitamin E treatment in reducing insulin resistance, and also in ameliorating metabolic parameters such as fasting insulin and lipid levels, in obese adolescents having NAFLD.

Population Study on the Impact Food Chemical Composition on Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 961-964
Author(s):  
Andrei Vasile Olteanu ◽  
Georgiana Emmanuela Gilca Blanariu ◽  
Gheorghe Gh. Balan ◽  
Dana Elena Mitrica ◽  
Elena Gologan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
The Impact

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become of major interest worldwide, it is estimated that more than 20% of the general population suffer from liver steatosis. NAFLD is highly associated with metabolic risk factors like type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity and dyslipidemia, the patients diagnosed with NAFLD should adopt a high fiber low calorie diet, with reduced saturated fat and carbohydrates content, leading to weight loss and improvement of metabolic profile. Our study is aiming to shape the profile of the patient interested in being informed related to food quality and chemical composition and to evaluate the aspects on the food products label which are important for the customer. Between June 2017 and December 2017, 83 patients diagnosed with NASH were included in the study, representing the study group, while 33 subjects, without metabolic syndrome or digestive diseases, selected from patient list belonging to two general practitioners, constituted the control group. Related to the interest of being informed about the chemical composition and nutritional value of the products bought, the study showed a low interest for the provided information on nutritional value. lack of confidence in the provided information and complexity of the information are understandable, the high number of subject reasoning through lack of immediate clinical benefit is surprising. Among the healthy population the willingness to pay attention to this aspect is extremely low.

scholarly journals Higher Sodium Intake Assessed by 24 Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion Is Associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The PREVEND Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eline H. van den Berg ◽  
Eke G. Gruppen ◽  
Hans Blokzijl ◽  
Stephan J.L. Bakker ◽  
Robin P.F. Dullaart
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

A higher sodium intake is conceivably associated with insulin resistant conditions like obesity, but associations of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with a higher sodium intake determined by 24 hours (24 h) urine collections are still unclear. Dietary sodium intake was measured by sodium excretion in two complete consecutive 24 h urine collections in 6132 participants of the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease (PREVEND) cohort. Fatty Liver Index (FLI) ≥60 and Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI) >36 were used as proxies of suspected NAFLD. 1936 (31.6%) participants had an FLI ≥60, coinciding with the increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), metabolic syndrome, hypertension and history of cardiovascular disease. Sodium intake was higher in participants with an FLI ≥60 (163.63 ± 61.81 mmol/24 h vs. 136.76 ± 50.90 mmol/24 h, p < 0.001), with increasing incidence in ascending quartile categories of sodium intake (p < 0.001). Multivariably, an FLI ≥60 was positively associated with a higher sodium intake when taking account for T2D, a positive cardiovascular history, hypertension, alcohol intake, smoking and medication use (odds ratio (OR) 1.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.44–1.64, p < 0.001). Additional adjustment for the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) diminished this association (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.21–1.41, p < 0.001). HSI >36 showed similar results. Associations remained essentially unaltered after adjustment for body surface area or waist/hip ratio. In conclusion, suspected NAFLD is a feature of higher sodium intake. Insulin resistance-related processes may contribute to the association of NAFLD with sodium intake.

scholarly journals Insulin Resistance as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients on peritoneal dialysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Li ◽  
Lihua Zhang ◽  
Yong Gu ◽  
Chuanming Hao ◽  
Tongying Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Mortality Hazard ◽  
Cv Disease ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mortality Hazard Ratio

BackgroundInsulin resistance is associated with multiple risk factors for cardiovascular (CV) disease in the general population. Patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) are more likely to develop insulin resistance. However, no evaluation of the impact of insulin resistance on CV disease morbidity or mortality in patients on PD has been performed.MethodsOur prospective cohort study included all non-diabetic patients on PD at our center ( n = 66). Insulin resistance was evaluated at baseline by the homeostasis model assessment method (HOMA-IR) using fasting glucose and insulin levels. The cohort was followed for up to 58 months (median: 41.3 months; interquartile range: 34.3 months). A multivariate Cox model was used to analyze the impact of insulin resistance on CV disease mortality.ResultsFourteen CV events occurred in the higher HOMA-IR group [IR-H (HOMA-IR values in the range 2.85 – 19.5), n = 33], but only one event occurred in the lower HOMA-IR group (IR-L (HOMA-IR values in the range 0.83 – 2.71), n = 33) during the follow-up period. Level of HOMA-IR was a significant predictor of CV events [risk ratio: 17.7; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.10 to 149.5; p = 0.008]. In the IR-H group, 10 patients died (8 CV events), but in the IR-L group, only 4 patients died (1 CV event). Patients in the IR-H group experienced significantly higher CV mortality (hazard ratio: 9.02; 95% CI: 1.13 to 72.2; p = 0.04). Even after adjustments for age, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, C-reactive protein, triglycerides, resistin, and leptin, HOMA-IR remained an independent predictor of CV mortality (hazard ratio: 14.8; 95% CI: 1.22 to 179.1; p = 0.03).ConclusionsInsulin resistance assessed using HOMA-IR was an independent predictor of CV morbidity and mortality in a cohort of nondiabetic patients on PD. Insulin resistance is a modifiable risk factor; the reduction of insulin resistance may reduce CV risk and improve survival in this group of patients.

scholarly journals Sex differences in associations between insulin resistance, heart rate variability, and arterial stiffness in healthy women and men: a physiology study

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Anthony Rannelli ◽  
Jennifer M. MacRae ◽  
Michelle C. Mann ◽  
Sharanya Ramesh ◽  
Brenda R. Hemmelgarn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Healthy Women

Diabetes confers greater cardiovascular risk to women than to men. Whether insulin-resistance-mediated risk extends to the healthy population is unknown. Measures of insulin resistance (fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment, hemoglobin A1c, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, glucose) were determined in 48 (56% female) healthy subjects. Heart rate variability (HRV) was calculated by spectral power analysis and arterial stiffness was determined using noninvasive applanation tonometry. Both were measured at baseline and in response to angiotensin II infusion. In women, there was a non-statistically significant trend towards increasing insulin resistance being associated with an overall unfavourable HRV response and increased arterial stiffness to the stressor, while men demonstrated the opposite response. Significant differences in the associations between insulin resistance and cardiovascular physiological profile exist between healthy women and men. Further studies investigating the sex differences in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance in cardiovascular disease are warranted.

scholarly journals Evaluation of potential gene expression as early markers of insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the Indonesian population

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Eunice Limantara ◽  
Felicia Kartawidjajaputra ◽  
Antonius Suwanto
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Early Markers ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Early detection of insulin resistance (IR) or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is crucial to preventing future risks of developing chronic diseases. The Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), Liver Fat Score (LFS), and Fatty Liver Index (FLI) are generally employed to measure severity stages of IR and NAFLD. The study of gene expressions could explain the molecular mechanisms that occur early on in IR and NAFLD; thus providing potential early markers for both diseases. This study was conducted to evaluate the gene expressions that could potentially be early markers of IR and NAFLD. All participants (n = 21) had normal blood glucose and were categorized as without hepatosteatosis (n = 10), at higher risk of hepatosteatosis (n = 6), and hepatosteatosis (n = 5). Gene expression analysis was performed using the 2-∆∆CT relative quantification method. There were significant differences in galnt2 (p < 0.002) and sirt1 (p < 0.010) expression between the first and the third tertiles of HOMA-IR; and in ptpn1 (p < 0.012) expression between the first and the second tertiles of LFS. In conclusion, the expressions of galnt2 and sirt1 could be used as early markers of IR, while the expression of ptpn1 could be employed as an early marker of NAFLD.

Relation of insulin resistance to neurocognitive function and electroencephalography in obese children

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Onur Akın ◽  
İbrahim Eker ◽  
Mutluay Arslan ◽  
Süleyman Tolga Yavuz ◽  
Sevil Akman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Neurocognitive Functions ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackground:Childhood obesity may lead to neuronal impairment in both the peripheral and the central nervous system. This study aimed to investigate the impact of obesity and insulin resistance (IR) on the central nervous system and neurocognitive functions in children.Methods:Seventy-three obese children (38 male and 35 female) and 42 healthy children (21 male and 21 female) were recruited. Standard biochemical indices and IR were evaluated. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) and electroencephalography (EEG) were administered to all participants. The obese participants were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of IR, and the data were compared between the subgroups.Results:Only verbal scores on the WISC-R in the IR+ group were significantly lower than those of the control and IR– groups. There were no differences between the groups with respect to other parameters of the WISC-R or the EEG. Verbal scores of the WISC-R were negatively correlated with obesity duration and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values. EEGs showed significantly more frequent ‘slowing during hyperventilation’ (SDHs) in obese children than non-obese children.Conclusions:Neurocognitive functions, particularly verbal abilities, were impaired in obese children with IR. An early examination of cognitive functions may help identify and correct such abnormalities in obese children.

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