scholarly journals Effects of Dehydration on Cognitive and Physical Performance in Female Golfers: A Randomized Crossover Pilot Study

J ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-507
Author(s):  
Whitney Stevenson ◽  
Jennie S. Zabinsky ◽  
Valisa E. Hedrick
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Perceived Effort ◽  
Nutrition Practices ◽  
Adequate Hydration ◽  
Urinary Specific Gravity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Randomized Crossover Study

Athletes’ commitments to nutrition practices can set them apart in their field. Few studies have investigated the impact of hydration practices on golfers’ performance who compete for up to eight hours a day, and none have studied female golfers. In this pilot, randomized crossover study, female elite golfers (n = 6) completed 4 simulated golf holes in both euhydrated and dehydrated states. Euhydration was attained by following NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association) hydration guidelines; dehydration was attained by a 12-h overnight fluid fast. Before any fluid intervention, five out of six participants were dehydrated at baseline using urinary specific gravity (USG) classifications for euhydration (USG < 1.010) and dehydration (USG > 1.010). No significant condition by time interactions were found between hydration conditions. Although not significant, participants in a dehydrated state demonstrated lesser mean 7-iron distance (141.9 ± 10.0 vs 144.2 ± 8.0 m), lower putting accuracy (2.4 ± 1.0 vs 2.7 ± 10.0 putts made out of 4 attempts), and greater perceived effort (10.9 ± 2.1 vs 10.5 ± 1.6) as compared to their euhydrated state. The finding of one participant out of six with significant dehydration (USG = 1.021) during attempted euhydrated state may suggest the need for alternative methods to promote adequate hydration in future studies and possibly in golf practice.

Influence of Natural Wear Progression on Shoe Floor Traction – A Pilot Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1358-1362
Author(s):  
Sarah. L. Hemler ◽  
Mark S. Redfern ◽  
Joel M. Haight ◽  
Kurt E. Beschorner
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Substantial Decrease ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Shoe Design ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
The Impact

Slips and falls in the workplace are a major concern for injuries. Worn shoes are a known risk factor for slips and falls. The purpose of this pilot study was to analyze changes in shoe traction performance under fluid contaminant conditions as the shoes were progressively worn. Four subjects wore two different shoes with varying tread patterns. Shoes were tested after each month of wear. The two types of shoes responded to wear differently; one shoe experienced a substantial decrease in available coefficient of friction (ACOF) while the other shoe showed no substantive change. Loads supported by the fluid during slipping increased with wear of the shoes. Furthermore, ACOF was influenced by the shoe type and the walking distance. This study suggests that the impact of wear on shoe performance is dependent on the shoe design. Thus, future studies are needed to understand specific effects of shoe design.

Acceptability of Assisted Suicide in Patients With Severe and Persistent Mental Illness

GeroPsych ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sophie Gloeckler ◽  
Manuel Trachsel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Shared Values ◽  
Psychiatric Nurses ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Persistent Mental Illness ◽  
Moral Attitudes

Abstract. In Switzerland, assisted suicide (AS) may be granted on the basis of a psychiatric diagnosis. This pilot study explored the moral attitudes and beliefs of nurses regarding these practices through a quantitative survey of 38 psychiatric nurses. The pilot study, which serves to inform hypothesis development and future studies, showed that participating nurses supported AS and valued the reduction of suffering in patients with severe persistent mental illness. Findings were compared with those from a previously published study presenting the same questions to psychiatrists. The key differences between nurses’ responses and psychiatrists’ may reflect differences in the burden of responsibility, while similarities might capture shared values worth considering when determining treatment efforts. More information is needed to determine whether these initial findings represent nurses’ views more broadly.

Pilot Study: The Impact of Yoga on Health

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle V. Shelov ◽  
Sonia Suchday ◽  
Jennifer P. Friedberg
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
The Impact

Evaluation of Hydraulic Fracturing Models and Their Limitations to Predict No-Drill Zones for Horizontal Directional Drilling

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Delara ◽  
Kendra MacKay
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Safety Factor ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Horizontal Directional Drilling ◽  
The Impact

Horizontal directional drilling (HDD) has become the preferred method for trenchless pipeline installations. Drilling pressures must be limited and a “no-drill zone” determined to avoid exceeding the strength of surrounding soil and rock. The currently accepted industry method of calculating hydraulic fracturing limiting pressure with application of an arbitrary safety factor contains several assumptions that are often not applicable to specific ground conditions. There is also no standard procedure for safety factor determination, resulting in detrimental impacts on drilling operations. This paper provides an analysis of the standard methods and proposes two alternative analytical models to more accurately determine the hydraulic fracture point and acceptable drilling pressure. These alternative methods provide greater understanding of the interaction between the drilling pressures and the surrounding ground strength properties. This allows for more accurate determination of horizontal directional drilling limitations. A comparison is presented to determine the differences in characteristics and assumptions for each model. The impact of specific soil properties and factors is investigated by means of a sensitivity analysis to determine the most critical soil information for each model.

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