scholarly journals Effect of Processed Beverage By-Product-Based Diets on Biological Parameters, Conversion Efficiency and Body Composition of Hermetia illucens (L) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 475
Author(s):  
Vassilios Sideris ◽  
Maria Georgiadou ◽  
Georgios Papadoulis ◽  
Konstantinos Mountzouris ◽  
Antonios Tsagkarakis
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Spent Grains ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
By Products

The effect of spent coffee grounds (SCG), brewer’s spent grains (BSG) and their mixtures with the addition of brewer’s yeast (BY) were tested in two rearing densities of the Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens (L.). Different treatments were investigated on larval development, survival, yield, protein conversion (PrCR) and bioconversion rate (BCR), substrate mass reduction and body composition of the insect. BSF larvae were able to develop sufficiently in all diets, except on sole SCG. The addition of BY enhanced the performance properties of diets, especially in the case of SCG, where larvae underperformed. Substrate mass reduction, PrCR and BCR were affected only by feed and exhibited higher values on reference feed, followed by BSG and SCG+BSG enriched with BY. Density did not have a significant effect on various larval nutrients, except for fat, which was higher on larvae fed enriched feeds with BY and in the 300 larval density. The interaction between feed and density strongly affected the nitrogen and protein levels, larval yield and ash. Generally, diets which contained SCG exhibited high larval crude protein levels. Our results illustrate that low value beverage by-products can be successfully utilized as constituents of a successful BSF diet.

scholarly journals Performance Optimisation of Fuel Pellets Comprising Pepper Stem and Coffee Grounds through Mixing Ratios and Torrefaction

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4667
Author(s):  
Sunyong Park ◽  
Hui-Rim Jeong ◽  
Yun-A Shin ◽  
Seok-Jun Kim ◽  
Young-Min Ju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calorific Value ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Fuel Pellets ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Coffee Ground ◽  
Fuel Characteristics ◽  
By Products

Agricultural by-products have several disadvantages as fuel, such as low calorific values and high ash contents. To address these disadvantages, this study examined the mixing of agricultural by-products and spent coffee grounds, for use as a solid fuel, and the improvement of fuel characteristics through torrefaction. Pepper stems and spent coffee grounds were first dried to moisture contents of <15% and then combined, with mixing ratios varying from 9:1 to 6:4. Fuel pellets were produced from these mixtures using a commercial pelletiser, evaluated against various standards, and classified as grade A, B, or Bio-SRF. The optimal ratio of pepper stems to spent coffee grounds was determined to be 8:2. The pellets were torrefied to improve their fuel characteristics. Different torrefaction temperatures improved the mass yields of the pellets to between 50.87% and 88.27%. The calorific value increased from 19.9% to 26.8% at 290 °C. The optimal torrefaction temperature for coffee ground pellets was 230 °C, while for other pellets, it was 250 °C. This study provides basic information on the potential enhancement of agricultural by-products for fuel applications.

scholarly journals A Review of Coffee By-Products Including Leaf, Flower, Cherry, Husk, Silver Skin, and Spent Grounds as Novel Foods within the European Union

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tizian Klingel ◽  
Jonathan I. Kremer ◽  
Vera Gottstein ◽  
Tabata Rajcic de Rezende ◽  
Steffen Schwarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Novel Food ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
By Products

The coffee plant Coffea spp. offers much more than the well-known drink made from the roasted coffee bean. During its cultivation and production, a wide variety of by-products are accrued, most of which are currently unused, thermally recycled, or used as animal feed. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of novel coffee products in the food sector and their current legal classification in the European Union (EU). For this purpose, we have reviewed the literature on the composition and safety of coffee flowers, leaves, pulp, husk, parchment, green coffee, silver skin, and spent coffee grounds. Some of these products have a history of consumption in Europe (green coffee), while others have already been used as traditional food in non-EU-member countries (coffee leaves, notification currently pending), or an application for authorization as novel food has already been submitted (husks, flour from spent coffee grounds). For the other products, toxicity and/or safety data appear to be lacking, necessitating further studies to fulfill the requirements of novel food applications.

scholarly journals Utilization of Waste-Based Sorbents for Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Water: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (48) ◽  
pp. 22-36
Author(s):  
Lenka Blinová ◽  
Maroš Sirotiak
Keyword(s):  
Water Contamination ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
By Products

Abstract Nowadays, the water contamination which is due to pharmaceuticals is increasing and alarming. The pharmaceuticals in water are very hazardous and toxic not only for the human life but also for environment. One of the promising methods of removing pharmaceuticals from the contaminated water is adsorption. Agricultural and industrial wastes or by-products can be used as low-cost adsorbents for pharmaceuticals removal. Low-cost adsorbents provide particular economic and environmental advantages. This paper presents an overview of utilizing of the waste-based adsorbents (mainly spent coffee grounds) for the removal of pharmaceuticals from water.

Economies in the use of animal by-products in poultry rations I. Vitamin and amino-acid provision for starting and growing chicks

1951 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Carpenter ◽  
J. Duckworth
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Protein Factor ◽  
Leg Weakness ◽  
Groundnut Meal ◽  
Commercial Sources ◽  
By Products

1. Chicks from commercial sources were housed intensively and fed on a series of rations containing decorticated extracted groundnut meal as the main supplementary source of protein, with and without additions of animal by-products and aureomycin. Parallel groups received rations conforming to Government regulations in their content of sources of animal protein.2. Growth and feed efficiency up to point of lay were as good in groups fed on all-vegetable rations, containing 18% of crude protein in the starting ration and 16% in the growing ration, as in groups fed on regulation rations of the same protein content.3. Performance on the all-vegetable ration up to 6 weeks of age was not as good as on the regulation ration. This inferiority could be largely or wholly corrected by adding extra groundnut meal and condensed fish solubles to the ration. Growth and feed efficiency over the whole rearing period were not improved by the addition of these supplements.4. Addition of aureomycin stimulated growth over the whole rearing period but failed to improve feed efficiency.5. Protein levels in the ration, the provision of animal protein factor(s) and aureomycin were without effect on the age at which laying began.6. Current estimates of the chick's requirement for certain amino-acids appeared to be too high when this type of ration was used.7. The addition of riboflavin to these starting rations was essential. When this was done mortality was low, leg weakness absent and feathering rate normal.

Engineering and environmental evaluation of spent coffee grounds stabilized with industrial by-products as a road subgrade material

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teck-Ang Kua ◽  
Arul Arulrajah ◽  
Suksun Horpibulsuk ◽  
Yan-Jun Du ◽  
Cherdsak Suksiripattanapong
Keyword(s):  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Environmental Evaluation ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
By Products

scholarly journals Rearing of Hermetia Illucens on Different Organic By-Products: Influence on Growth, Waste Reduction, and Environmental Impact

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Bava ◽  
Costanza Jucker ◽  
Giulia Gislon ◽  
Daniela Lupi ◽  
Sara Savoldelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Substitution Method ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Sustainable Product ◽  
By Products

The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of three by-products as growing substrates for Hermetia illucens (Black Soldier Fly (BSF)) larvae: okara, maize distiller, brewer’s grains, and a control hen diet. The study focused on larval growth and bioconversion performance, production of methane by larvae and environmental burden of larvae production, using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) on a lab scale. Chemical composition of substrates differed: okara had the highest crude protein and ether extract contents, while brewer’s grains showed the highest fiber content. Larvae fed on a hen diet and maize distiller exhibited the highest final weights (2.29 and 1.97 g, respectively). Larvae grown on okara showed the highest indexes for waste reduction and efficiency of conversion of the ingested feed. The BSF larvae did not produce any detectable traces of CH4. LCA evaluation showed that larvae production on a hen diet resulted in the most impact for most of environmental categories, for the inclusion of soybean meal in the diet (for climate change, 5.79 kg CO2 eq/kg dry larvae). Feed production activities resulted in the main contributions to environmental impact. In order to compare the larvae production obtained on all substrates, an environmental impact was attributed to okara and brewer’s grain through a substitution method, and, by this approach, the best sustainable product resulted from the larvae grown on the maize distiller.

scholarly journals Evaluation of nutritional and economic feed values of spent coffee grounds andArtemisia princepsresidues as a ruminant feed usingin vitroruminal fermentation

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakyeom Seo ◽  
Jae Keun Jung ◽  
Seongwon Seo
Keyword(s):  
Gas Production ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Alternative Feed ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Artemisia Princeps ◽  
By Products

Much research on animal feed has focused on finding alternative feed ingredients that can replace conventional ones (e.g., grains and beans) to reduce feed costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the economic, as well as nutritional value of spent coffee grounds (SCG) and Japanese mugwort (Artemisia princeps) residues (APR) as alternative feed ingredients for ruminants. We also investigated whether pre-fermentation usingLactobacillusspp. was a feasible way to increase the feed value of these by-products. Chemical analyses and anin vitrostudy were conducted for SCG, APR, and their pre-fermented forms. All the experimental diets forin vitroruminal fermentation were formulated to contain a similar composition of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and total digestible nutrients at 1x maintenance feed intake based on the dairy National Research Council (NRC). The control diet was composed of ryegrass, corn, soybean meal, whereas the treatments consisted of SCG, SCG fermented withLactobacillusspp. (FSCG), APR, and its fermented form (FAPR). The treatment diets replaced 100 g/kg dry matter (DM) of the feed ingredients in the control. Costs were lower for the all treatments, except FAPR, than that of the control. After 24-h incubation, the NDF digestibility of the diets containing SCG and its fermented form were significantly lower than those of the other diets (P< 0.01); pre-fermentation tended to increase NDF digestibility (P= 0.07), especially for APR. Supplementation of SCG significantly decreased total gas production (ml/g DM) after 24-h fermentation in comparison with the control (P< 0.05); however, there were no significant differences between the control and the SCG or the APR diets in total gas production, as expressed per Korean Won (KRW). Diets supplemented with SCG or FSCG tended to have a higher total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, expressed as per KRW, compared with the control (P= 0.06). Conversely, the fermentation process of SCG and APR significantly decreased total gas production and VFA production as expressed per KRW (P< 0.05). Because of their nutrient composition and relatively lower cost, we concluded that SCG and APR could be used as alternative feed sources, replacing conventional feed ingredients. However, pre-fermentation of agricultural by-products, such as SCG and APR, may be inappropriate for improving their nutritive considering the increase in production costs.

scholarly journals EFEKAT ENZIMA PROTEAZE NA PRINOS I UDEO JESTIVIH PRATEĆIH PROIZVODA KLANJA PILIĆA HIBRIDA MASTER GRIS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Doskovic ◽  
◽  
Snežana Bogosavljevic-Boškovic ◽  
Zdenka Škrbic ◽  
Miloš Lukic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
By Products

The effect of supplemental protease (Ronozyme ProAct) in broiler diet on the weights and percentage yields of slaughter by-products of male and female medium-growing Master Gris broiler chickens was analysed. Fattening period lasted for 63 days. Broilers were assigned to 3 experimental groups, each consisting of 100 birds. Experimental groups differed in protease levels used in their diets: control broilers (C) received complete feeds (starter, grower and finisher) without supplemental protease; chickens in the experimental group E-I were given a diet containing 0.2% protease and crude protein levels reduced by 4% compared with the control group, whereas experimental E-II broilers were fed a diet supplemented with 0.3% protease and containing crude protein levels reduced by 6% compared with C birds. The analysis of the results showed that feeding treatments had a very small effect on the weights and proportion yields of edible by-products (with difference only in the percentage yield of liver relative to live weight between C and E-I broilers, P<0.05), whereas sex was found to affect almost all slaughter by-products (except abdominal fat weight and the percentage yield of gizzard relative to live weight, P>0.05).

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