scholarly journals Investigations on Arthropods Associated with Decay Stages of Buried Animals in Italy

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Teresa Bonacci ◽  
Federica Mendicino ◽  
Domenico Bonelli ◽  
Francesco Carlomagno ◽  
Giuseppe Curia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Decay Rate ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Post Mortem Interval ◽  
Arthropod Fauna ◽  
Pig Carcasses ◽  
Deep Pits

Burial could be used by criminals to conceal the bodies of victims, interfering with the succession of sarcosaprophagous fauna and with the evaluation of post-mortem interval. In Italy, no experimental investigation on arthropods associated with buried remains has been conducted to date. A first experimental study on arthropods associated with buried carcasses was carried out in a rural area of Arcavacata di Rende (Cosenza), Southern Italy, from November 2017 to May 2018. Six pig carcasses (Susscrofa Linnaeus) were used, five of which were buried in 60-cm deep pits, leaving about 25-cm of soil above each carcass, and one was left above ground. One of the buried carcasses was periodically exhumed to evaluate the effects of disturbance on decay processes and on arthropod fauna. The other four carcasses were exhumed only once, respectively after 43, 82, 133, and 171 days. As expected, the decay rate was different among carcasses. Differences in taxa and colonization of arthropod fauna were also detected in the above ground and periodically exhumed carcasses. In carcasses exhumed only once, no arthropod colonization was detected. The results showed that a burial at about 25 cm depth could be sufficient to prevent colonization by sarcosaprophagous taxa and these data could be relevant in forensic cases involving buried corpses.

scholarly journals Molecular versus histopathological examination of the prostate gland in the estimation of post-mortem interval (an experimental study)

QJM ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 111 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Abdel Rahman Mahmoud ◽  
A Abdel Rahman Abdel Rahman Hassan ◽  
A Hassan Abdel Rahim ◽  
S Mostafa Mahmoud ◽  
O Hassan Nada
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Post Mortem Interval

An Experimental Study of the Dynamic Behavior of Foil Bearings

1972 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
T. Barnum ◽  
H. G. Elrod
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Decay Rate ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Standing Waves ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rotating Drum ◽  
Foil Bearings ◽  
Capacitance Probe ◽  
The Waves

This paper describes an experiment performed to verify the theory for the response of an infinitely wide, perfectly flexible foil to small sinusoidal variations in its tension, as developed in reference [3]. A fixed foil with a rotating drum was used. The tension was oscillated by varying the pressure in a loop of foil at one end with a fixed support at the other. The height of the foil from the drum was measured with a capacitance probe. The results agree substantially with reference [3] especially as to frequency and decay rate of the waves in the foil. However, the theory does not consider the effects of standing waves which can occur in the sections of foil between the supports and drum.

scholarly journals Flies Do Not Jump to Conclusions: Estimation of the Minimum Post-Mortem Interval for a Partly Skeletonized Body Based on Larvae of Phormia regina (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
Senta Niederegger ◽  
Gita Mall
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Entomology ◽  
Female Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Phormia Regina ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Post Mortem Interval ◽  
Other Hand

Skeletonization is often perceived as an indicator of long post-mortem intervals. The finding of feeding larvae of first colonizers, on the other hand, indicates days. We present a case in which both findings were present. Larvae of Phormia regina, aged 9 days, and skeletonization of the head and part of the thorax were both found on an unidentified female body. Identification of dentures eventually led to resolution of the case and a confession, which settled the seeming contradiction in favor of forensic entomology.

scholarly journals Solenopsis saevissima (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Activity Delays Vertebrate Carcass Decomposition

Sociobiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Kethure Coelho Pereira ◽  
Joudellys Andrade-Silva ◽  
Orleans Silva ◽  
Ciro Líbio Caldas Santos ◽  
Leandro Santos Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Domestic Pig ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Post Mortem Interval ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Decomposition Processes ◽  
Pig Carcasses

Ants are among the insects involved in cadaveric decomposition processes, as they exhibit predatory and necrophagous behavior. Red ants exhibit an aggressive behavior, which impacts carcass colonization, accelerates or delays the decomposition rates and potentially confounds interpretation of the post-mortem interval. Here, we estimated the effects of Solenopsis saevissima (Smith) activity on the decomposition rate in domestic pig carcasses. We placed two pig carcasses close to S. saevissima nests, and two other pig carcasses (controls) in other locations 50 m away from the nest. Decomposition processes were delayed by at least three days for carcasses on the nest compared to those without direct exposure to ants. Our results showed that predatory activity of S. saevissima interfered with carcass colonization by scavenger insects, functioning as an ecological barrier to the establishment of immature Diptera. Such results highlight the importance of considering ecological processes that may interfere with mechanisms determining post-mortem intervals.

Postmortem Diagnosis of Hypertonic Dehydration by Chemical Analysis of Vitreous Humor

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2650-2653
Author(s):  
Simona Irina Damian ◽  
Paul Nedelea ◽  
Sofia David ◽  
Anton Knieling ◽  
Sorin Moldoveanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Vitreous Humor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Postmortem Diagnosis ◽  
Post Mortem Interval ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Diagnosis Criteria ◽  
Survival Interval

The aim of forensic autopsy is to accurately reconstitute, as much as possible, the circumstances of death (the cause of death and the mechanism of death, the post-mortem interval, the related pathology and its role, the survival interval). Post-mortem biochemical analyses can help to various extents in establishing these issues. In order to elucidate the issue of post-mortem biochemical investigations, we conducted an analysis of forensic casuistry within a delimited territory, for a period of 3 years in order to identify the elements necessary for the diagnosis of hypertonic dehydration. By grouping the cases depending on the immediate cause of death, the diagnosis criteria for hypertonic dehydration showed the possibility of performing the differential diagnosis by biochemical analyses performed in vitreous humor (sodium, chlorine, urea, creatinine), the criteria being not met in any of the other groups.

A note on muscle pH1 values in commercial pig carcasses

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Smith ◽  
A. Wilson ◽  
A. C. Burr ◽  
J. B. K. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
First Grade ◽  
The Other ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Ph Measurements ◽  
Sex Type ◽  
Pig Carcasses

SUMMARYOver an 8-week period pH measurements were taken in the longis-simus dorsi muscle of 17 157 bacon-weight carcasses at 45 min post mortem (pH1 ) in one abattoir. The overall least squares mean pHt was 6·38 and 9·9% of carcasses had pHt values of 5·9 or less. Neither sex, type of dam, breed nor testing background of sire of the carcasses examined had a significant effect on muscle pHj or the incidence of values below p H 6·0. Although first-grade carcasses had a higher incidence of low pHj values relative to those in the other grades, it was of no practical significance. Carcasses of homebred pigs had a higher incidence of muscle pHt values of 5·9 and below (2%) compared with those from pigs initially purchased as weaners. There was a marked producer effect on muscle pHj and the incidence of values below pH 6·0.

A preliminary investigation of insect succession on carrion in Calabria (southern Italy)

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Brandmayr ◽  
Silvia Greco ◽  
Tullia Zetto Brandmayr Brandmayr ◽  
Teresa Bonacci ◽  
Claudio Tersaruolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Calliphora Vicina ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Chrysomya Albiceps ◽  
Post Mortem Interval

AbstractWe present data from the first study of successional patterns of insect fauna in Calabria (southern Italy). The aim was to identify and qualitatively assess the major taxa of forensic importance in this region. Studies were conducted in autumn-winter 2006, summer 2007 and winter 2008 in the Botanical Garden, University of Calabria. Over 50 taxa were collected and identified. The most abundant fly species were Lucilia caesar (Linnaeus, 1758), L. sericata (Meigen, 1826), Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819), Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, C. vomitoria (Linnaeus, 1758), Sarcophaga spp., Amobia sp ., Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758, and Muscina stabulans ((Fallén). The successional patterns, relative abundance of adult sarcosaprophagous insects, carcass decay, diversity and seasonality of species are described and the taxa useful for estimating the post-mortem interval (PMI) are identified. The data of this study could be very useful for further forensic investigations in southern Italy.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Compressive Strength and Infiltration Rate of Pervious Concrete by Fully Reduction of Sand

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneel Manan ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmad ◽  
Fawad Ahmad ◽  
Abdul Basit ◽  
Muhammad Nasir Ayaz Khan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pervious Concrete ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Direct Relation

The aim of the study is to investigate compressive strength of pervious concrete by reduction of fine aggregate from zero to 100%, additionally investigate infiltration rate of pervious concrete. Experimental study has conducted at Cecos Engineering University Peshawar. The pervious concrete samples were produced for 7 and 28 days. Compressive strength of pervious concrete indicated higher reduction of the sand reduces compressive strength and almost 50% compressive strength decreased by reduction of 100% sand from the design mix. On the other side, infiltration rate for 28 days shows direct relation above 40% reduction of sand and highest 273% of infiltration rate by reducing 100% sand from the design mix. The 90% reduction of sand from concrete give considerable compressive strength of 2150 psi and infiltration rate of 165.79 inch/hour, which can be recommended for pavements of parking and walking area.

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