scholarly journals Population Dynamics of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Two Rural Villages in Southern Mexico: Baseline Data for an Evaluation of the Sterile Insect Technique

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Carlos F. Marina ◽  
J. Guillermo Bond ◽  
Kenia Hernández-Arriaga ◽  
Javier Valle ◽  
Armando Ulloa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Sterile Insect Technique ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Population Fluctuations ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
The Village

Indoor and outdoor ovitraps were placed in 15 randomly selected houses in two rural villages in Chiapas, southern Mexico. In addition, ovitraps were placed in five transects surrounding each village, with three traps per transect, one at the edge, one at 50 m, and another at 100 m from the edge of the village. All traps were inspected weekly. A transect with eight traps along a road between the two villages was also included. Population fluctuations of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus were examined during 2016–2018 by counting egg numbers. A higher number of Aedes spp. eggs was recorded at Hidalgo village with 257,712 eggs (60.9%), of which 58.1% were present in outdoor ovitraps and 41.9% in indoor ovitraps, compared with 165,623 eggs (39.1%) collected in the village of Río Florido, 49.0% in outdoor and 51.0% in indoor ovitraps. A total of 84,047 eggs was collected from ovitraps placed along transects around Río Florido, compared to 67,542 eggs recorded from transects around Hidalgo. Fluctuations in egg counts were associated with annual variation in precipitation, with 2.3 to 3.2-fold more eggs collected from ovitraps placed in houses and 4.8 to 5.1-fold more eggs in ovitraps from the surrounding transects during the rainy season than in the dry season, respectively. Aedes aegypti was the dominant species during the dry season and at the start of the rainy season in both villages. Aedes albopictus populations were lower for most of the dry season, but increased during the rainy season and predominated at the end of the rainy season in both villages. Aedes albopictus was also the dominant species in the zones surrounding both villages. The numbers of eggs collected from intradomiciliary ovitraps were strongly correlated with the numbers of eggs in peridomiciliary ovitraps in both Río Florido (R2adj = 0.92) and Hidalgo (R2adj = 0.94), suggesting that peridomiciliary sampling could provide an accurate estimate of intradomiciliary oviposition by Aedes spp. in future studies in these villages. We conclude that the feasibility of sterile insect technique (SIT)-based program of vector control could be evaluated in the isolated Ae. aegypti populations in the rural villages of our baseline study.

scholarly journals Oviposition of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus on Ovitraps in Dry and Rainy Seasons in Southern Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-171
Author(s):  
Takashi Tsunoda ◽  
Huynh Thi Thuy Trang ◽  
La Hoang Huy ◽  
Le Nguyen Thuy Duy ◽  
Pham Thi Thuy Ngoc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

ABSTRACT Ovitraps were set inside and outside of 15 households in December 2012 (dry season) and August 2013 (rainy season) in 2 communes (An Thanh and Phu Hoa) of Binh Duong Province in southern Vietnam. Eggs laid in the ovitraps were collected after 4 days, dried, and soaked in water. Hatched larvae were transferred to cups and reared to adulthood to identify the species. The rate of positive ovitraps did not differ between December and August for Aedes aegypti, but it was lower in December for Ae. albopictus. The number of eggs laid per ovitrap by Ae. aegypti did not differ between December and August, while that for Ae. albopictus decreased significantly in December in both communes. Moreover, Ae. albopictus laid eggs in ovitraps placed outside the households. Therefore, it is necessary for future studies to investigate whether the major source containers for oviposition had dried in the dry season or Ae. albopictus entered diapause, leading to these observations.

Key breeding sites of Aedes mosquitoes in Huaylau village, Pakse city, Champasack province, Lao People Democratic Republic 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Thi Thanh Huong Le ◽  
◽  
Quynh Nguyen ◽  
Saenthavisouk Vanhnasack ◽  
Sinh Nam Vu
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Epidemic Threshold ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Aedes Mosquitoes ◽  
The Village

Objectives: The elimination of key breeding sites of dengue vector is applied worldwide to control the vector density under the critical epidemic threshold. This study aimed to identify key breeding sites of Aedes mosquitos and associated factors in Huaylau village, Pakse city, Champasack province in Laos in 2019. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, combining of immature stage survey of Aedes mosquitoes in all water and discarded containers and the community’s knowledge and practices on the prevention of dengue fever in all 240 households in Huaylau village. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to identify factors associated with the absence of Aedes larvae and pupae in the village. Statistical significance was set at a p-value less than 0.05. Results: Among the 720 water and discarded containers surveyed, the study found 654 Aedes larvae and pupae; of which 94.6% were immature Aedes aegypti. Key breeding sites of Aedes aegypti included water jars (34.2%), plastic drums (30.7%), tanks < 500 litter (14.7%), and discarded containers (12.6%), while that of all Aedes albopictus was discarded containers. The community’s better practices on the prevention of dengue fever contributed to the increased odds of the absence of Aedes larvae ad pupae by 1.612 (95%CI: 1.218-2.134, p<0.01), and the cleanliness of the house were associated with the increased odds of 4.072 of the absent Aedes larvae and pupae in the participated households (95%CI: 1.589-10.434, p<0.01). Conclusions: Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in the Huaylau village laid their eggs in various breeding sites, including water containers and discarded containers while discarded containers were the only key breeding site of Aedes albopictus. Better practices on dengue prevention and better hygiene conditions of the houses contributed to the absence of Aedes larvae and pupae. Special attention should be paid to the clearance of all discarded containers and education of the community people to cover water containers in the village. Keywords: key breeding sites, Aedes, mosquito, pupae, larvae, Champasack province, Lao PDR

scholarly journals Use of mechanical and behavioural methods to eliminate female Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus for sterile insect technique and incompatible insect technique applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayana Gunathilaka ◽  
Tharaka Ranathunge ◽  
Lahiru Udayanga ◽  
Asha Wijegunawardena ◽  
Jeremie Roger Lionel Gilles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Sterile Insect Technique ◽  
Incompatible Insect Technique

scholarly journals Species composition and risk of transmission of Aedes-borne arboviruses around some Yellow hotspot areas in Northern Ghana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joannitta Joannides ◽  
Mawuli Dzodzomenyo ◽  
Faustus Azerigyik ◽  
Eudocia Esinam Agbosu ◽  
Deborah Pratt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Subspecies Level ◽  
Game Reserve

AbstractAedes-borne viral diseases mainly Yellow Fever (YF), Dengue (DEN), Zika (ZIK) and Chikungunya (CHK) have contributed to many deaths’ in the world especially in Africa. There have been major outbreaks of these diseases in West Africa. YF outbreaks have occurred in Ghana. Although Ghana has not recorded any outbreak of DEN, ZIK and CHK, the risk is high due to its proximity to West African countries where outbreaks have been recently been recorded. This study assessed the risk of transmission of Yellow fever (YFV), Dengue (DENV), Chikungunya (CHKV) and Zika (ZIKV) viruses in Larabanga and Mole Game Reserve areas in Northern Ghana. The immature and adult stages of Aedes mosquitoes were collected from Larabanga and Mole Game Reserve area. There was a significant (P>0.001) number of mosquitoes collected during the rainy season than the dry season. A total of 1,930 Aedes mosquitoes were collected during the rainy season and morphologically identified. Of these, 1,915 (99.22%) were Aedes aegypti and 15 (0.22%) were Aedes vittatus. During the dry season, 27 Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were collected. A total of 415 Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were molecularly identified to subspecies level of which Aedes (Ae) aegypti aegypti was the predominant subspecies. Both Ae. aegypti aegypti and Ae aegypti formosus exist in sympatry in the area. All Aedes pools (75) were negative for DENV, ZIKV and CHKV when examined by RT-PCR. Three Larval indices namely House Index, HI (percentage of houses positive for Aedes larvae or pupae), Container Index, CI (the percentage of containers positive for Aedes larvae or pupae) and Breteau Index, BI (the number of positive containers (with larvae and/or pupae per 100 inspected houses) were assessed as a measure for risk of transmission. The HI, CI and BI for both sites were as follows; Mole game reserve (HI, 42.1%, CI, 23.5% and BI, 100 for rainy season and 0 for all indices for dry season) and Larabanga (39%, 15.5% and 61 for rainy season and 2.3%, 1.3% and 2.3 for dry season). The spatial distribution of Aedes breeding sites in both areas indicated that Aedes larvae were breeding in areas with close proximity to humans. Lorry tires were the main source of Aedes larvae in all the study areas. Information about the species composition and the potential role of Aedes mosquitoes in future outbreaks of the diseases that they transmit is needed to design efficient surveillance and vector control tools.

Seasonal changes in the intertidal algal communities of Sanya Bay (Hainan Island, China)

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 879-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard A. Titlyanov ◽  
Tamara V. Titlyanova ◽  
Xiubao Li ◽  
Gayle I. Hansen ◽  
Hui Huang
Keyword(s):  
Red Algae ◽  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Hainan Island ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Splash Zone ◽  
Intertidal Zones ◽  
Species Numbers ◽  
Sanya Bay

A floristic study of marine macrophytic algae and Cyanobacteria in the splash and intertidal zones at Luhuitou reef, Sanya Bay, Hainan Island, China, was conducted during the rainy and dry seasons of 2008−2012 utilizing 148 of the most common species. Macrophytic algal diversity increased from the splash zone to the low intertidal zone, while cyanobacterial diversity decreased. In the upper and middle intertidal zones, the dominant species (primarily highly productive ephemerals) changed frequently throughout each year. In the low intertidal zone, the dominant species (mainly annual fleshy, foliose and coriaceous forms) also changed. In the dry season, species numbers were 33% higher than in the rainy season. During the rainy season, Cyanobacteria dominated the splash zone, while green and red algae dominated in increasing numbers from the upper to the low intertidal zones. During the dry season the splash zone was devoid of all macrophytic algae, and only one species of Cyanobacteria survived. In the upper intertidal, Cyanobacteria and red algae prevailed, while in the mid and low zones, red and green algae were the most diverse. In spite of heavy pollution in Sanya Bay, there was no evidence of dramatic changes in species numbers or composition, and the marine flora was similar to that of unpolluted regions in the Indo-Pacific.

scholarly journals Distribuição e abundância de isópodes gigantes Bathynomus (Crustacea, Isopoda, Cirolanidae) da Plataforma Continental Amazônica

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e974986843
Author(s):  
Katia Cristina de Araújo Silva ◽  
Fernando Araújo Abrunhosa ◽  
Rafael Anaisce das Chagas ◽  
Marko Herrmann ◽  
Israel Hidenburgo Aniceto Cintra
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Exclusive Economic Zone ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Southern Sector ◽  
Economic Zone ◽  
Northern Sector

The present study focuses on the distribution and abundance of the giant isopod community, based on specimens collected using the bottom shrimp trawling on the Amazon continental shelf during fishery surveys, at depths between 81 m and 626 m, conducted during the REVIZEE/Score-North Program between 1996 and 1998. The study area is located within the exclusive economic zone of Brazil, between the States of Amapá and Pará. In total, 170 specimens were collected, distributed in the two species Bathynomus giganteus (n = 49) and Bathynomus miyarei (n = 121), in which 54% of the material were collected in the northern and 46% in the southern sector of the study area. B. miyarei was considered to be the dominant species in both sectors, whereas B. giganteus was uncommon in the northern sector, but abundant in the southern sector.  Both species preferred gravelly bottoms in the northern sector, and gravelly sand in the southern sector and were more abundant during the dry season in the northern sector, but during the rainy season in the southern sector. The smallest female B. giganteus was collected in the northern sector, and the largest in the southern sector, whereas both the largest and the smallest female B. miyarei were captured in the southern sector. All the male specimens collected in this study were captured in the northern sector.

scholarly journals PERAN LAHAN SAWAH TADAH HUJANTERHADAP KETAHANAN PANGAN NASIONAL DI KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG, SUMATERA UTARA

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Jonharnas Haryani Jonharnas ◽  
Sri Haryani Sitindaon
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
The Village ◽  
North Sumatra

Deli Serdang District is one of regencies in North Sumatra which has rainfed and most extensive that is 19,365 ha. The study was conducted to determine the development of rice farming in the rainfed areas (Farming Index, productivity and analysis of farming) paddy rice fed land rainfed. The study was conducted from January to June 2016. The study is a descriptive exploratory study with sampling by purposive sampling in the village which has the most extensive rainfed the village Durian, Sub District Pantai Labu and village Serdang, Subdistrict Beringin, Deli Serdang District, North Sumatra Province. The collection of data and information is done by direct observation and indept interview. Land rainfed in Deli Serdang District average index of plants 2 times a year lower (10,292 ha) compared with irrigated land (20,950 Ha). Although the rainfed areas, farmers in Deli Serdang managed to plant two times a year with mechanized pumps to irrigate paddy fields during the dry season. Production rice at dry season with mechanized irrigation pump is higher (6.25 t/ha) than in the dry season without irrigation, mechanization pump (3.20 t/ha and the rainy season (4.50 t/ha). The results of the economic analysis is obtained that the B/C Ratio rice farming in rainfed areas during the rainy season was higher (1.60) compared to the dry season with mechanized irrigation pump (1.50) and dry season without irrigation (1.001). This happens because the amount of input issued to conduct mechanized irrigation pumps during the dry season.

Spinosad as an effective larvicide for control of Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti , vectors of dengue in southern Mexico

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos F Marina ◽  
J Guillermo Bond ◽  
Mauricio Casas ◽  
José Muñoz ◽  
Arnoldo Orozco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Southern Mexico

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF VILLAGE POULTRY PRODUCTION IN THE KEITA REGION OF NIGER

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-144
Author(s):  
J. G. Bell ◽  
I. Abodu
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
The Village ◽  
Principal Species

The dynamics of the village poultry population was studied in the region of Keita in Niger. A weekly survey was carried out for 8 weeks in the dry season and 8 weeks in the rainy season in 47 families chosen at random in five villages. The principal species raised were: chickens, guinea fowl, pigeons and ducks. In 85% of cases, poultry was owned by men and in 15% by women. Pigeons were kept by children. Feed and housing were rudimentary. Mortality was essentially due to predation of chicks and of growers while other losses were through trampling, drowning and rain. Mortality due to disease was negligible during the periods of the survey. Mortality and predation were responsible for 83% of offtakes from chickens and 43% from guinea fowl. A greater proportion of guinea fowl (57%) were consumed and sold than chickens (14%).

scholarly journals Temporal Viability of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus Eggs Using Two Hygroscopic Substances as Preservatives under a Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) Program in Southern Mexico

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Eunice Nayeli Martínez-García ◽  
Esteban E. Díaz-González ◽  
Carlos F. Marina ◽  
J. Guillermo Bond ◽  
Jorge J. Rodríguez-Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Sterile Insect Technique ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Hygroscopic Properties ◽  
Hydrolyzed Collagen ◽  
Egg Storage

Dengue and other Aedes-borne diseases have dramatically increased over the last decades. The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) has been successfully used as part of integrated pest strategies to control populations of insect-plant and livestock pests and is currently being tested as a potential method to reduce mosquito populations in an environmentally friendly approach. However, during the mass rearing steps needed to produce millions of mosquitoes, egg storage and preservation are essential for a certain amount of time. Eggs of Aedes aegypti have a chorionic pad that functions as a sticky substance to glue them onto the inner walls of larval breeding sites. The chorionic pad is chemically made of hyaluronic acid, a hygroscopic compound, responsible to protect them from desiccation over time. Two commercial products with hygroscopic properties, hydrolyzed collagen, and Hyalurosmooth®, both were tested to assess their ability to prolong egg life storage for A. aegypti and A. albopictus. Results showed that 85–95% of Ae. aegypti eggs were able to hatch up to week 8 after being treated with both hydrophilic compounds, compared with the control 66.3%. These two substances showed promising effects for keeping Ae. aegypti eggs viable during prolonged storage in mass rearing insect production focused on vector control SIT programs.

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