scholarly journals NADPH Oxidase 5 Is Essential for Molting and Oviposition in a Rice Planthopper Nilaparvata lugens

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 642
Author(s):  
Lu-Yao Peng ◽  
Zhen-Wei Dai ◽  
Rui-Rui Yang ◽  
Zhen Zhu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Nadph Oxidase 5

The brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens is a typical monophagous insect herbivore that feeds exclusively on rice sap. This insect pest causes serious damage to rice crops throughout East Asian countries. Chemical control remains the first choice for managing N. lugens populations; however, the use of insecticides has given rise to planthopper resurgence and additional environmental risks. Nilaparvata lugens is a model insect of Hemiptera because its whole genome sequence has been elucidated and is susceptible to RNA interference. In this study, our findings revealed that a superoxide-generating gene, NADPH oxidase 5 (Nox5), is essential for molting and oviposition in a Hemipteran insect Nilaparvata lugens. Knockdown of Nox5 transcript levels by RNA interference in 2nd–5th-instar nymphs results in significantly lethal deficits in the molting transitions from nymph–nymph and nymph–adult. Nox5 knockdown leads to a reduction of hydrogen peroxide in female ovaries and failure of oviposition from the insect ovipositor into the rice leaf sheath. Here, we provide in vivo evidence demonstrating that Nox5 is a key enzyme for regulating molting and oviposition in this insect species.

scholarly journals Recent Strategies for Detection and Improvement of Brown Planthopper Resistance Genes in Rice: A Review

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1202
Author(s):  
Bello Sani Haliru ◽  
Mohd Y. Rafii ◽  
Norida Mazlan ◽  
Shairul Izan Ramlee ◽  
Isma’ila Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Resistant Genes

Brown planthopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens Stal) is considered the main rice insect pest in Asia. Several BPH-resistant varieties of rice have been bred previously and released for large-scale production in various rice-growing regions. However, the frequent surfacing of new BPH biotypes necessitates the evolution of new rice varieties that have a wide genetic base to overcome BPH attacks. Nowadays, with the introduction of molecular approaches in varietal development, it is possible to combine multiple genes from diverse sources into a single genetic background for durable resistance. At present, above 37 BPH-resistant genes/polygenes have been detected from wild species and indica varieties, which are situated on chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. Five BPH gene clusters have been identified from chromosomes 3, 4, 6, and 12. In addition, eight BPH-resistant genes have been successfully cloned. It is hoped that many more resistance genes will be explored through screening of additional domesticated and undomesticated species in due course.

Feeding-based RNA interference of atrehalose phosphate synthasegene in the brown planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 777-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chen ◽  
D. Zhang ◽  
Q. Yao ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
X. Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens

scholarly journals Characterization of gustatory receptor 7 in the brown planthopper reveals functional versatility

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Ojha ◽  
Wenqing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Gustatory Receptor ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Protein Ligands

AbstractInsect pests consume tastants as their necessary energy and nutrient sources. Gustatory receptors play important roles in insect life and can form within an extremely complicated regulatory network. However, there are still many gustatory genes that have a significant impact on insect physiology, but their functional mechanism is still unknown. Here, we purified and characterized a gustatory receptor (protein) coding gene, NlGr7, from the brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens, which is an important insect pest of rice. Our results revealed that NlGr7 has an active association with various ligands, such as lectins, lipids (phospho- and sphingolipid) and copper. The mass-spectrometry result showed that NlGr7 is a sugar receptor, and NlGr7 is validated by different types of insoluble polysaccharides and a varied range of tastants. Furthermore, we observed that NlGr7-bound ATP hydrolysed on the ATPase activity assay, which indicated that NlGr7 may be associated with important biological functions in the BPH. The important NlGr7 for chemoreception has now been characterized in the BPH. We showed that NlGr7 in the BPH is required for various protein-ligands, as well as protein-sugars interactions, to play crucial roles in this pest. This study will provide valuable information for further functional studies of chemoreception mechanisms in this important agricultural pest.

scholarly journals Map-based Cloning and Characterization of the BPH18 Gene from Wild Rice Conferring Resistance to Brown Planthopper (BPH) Insect Pest

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeonso Ji ◽  
Sung-Ryul Kim ◽  
Yul-Ho Kim ◽  
Jung-Pil Suh ◽  
Hyang-Mi Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Rice ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Introgression Line ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Gus Expression ◽  
Complementation Test ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Wild Rice Species

Abstract Brown planthopper (BPH) is a phloem sap-sucking insect pest of rice which causes severe yield loss. We cloned the BPH18 gene from the BPH-resistant introgression line derived from the wild rice species Oryza australiensis. Map-based cloning and complementation test revealed that the BPH18 encodes CC-NBS-NBS-LRR protein. BPH18 has two NBS domains, unlike the typical NBS-LRR proteins. The BPH18 promoter::GUS transgenic plants exhibited strong GUS expression in the vascular bundles of the leaf sheath, especially in phloem cells where the BPH attacks. The BPH18 proteins were widely localized to the endo-membranes in a cell, including the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network, and prevacuolar compartments, suggesting that BPH18 may recognize the BPH invasion at endo-membranes in phloem cells. Whole genome sequencing of the near-isogenic lines (NILs), NIL-BPH18 and NIL-BPH26, revealed that BPH18 located at the same locus of BPH26. However, these two genes have remarkable sequence differences and the independent NILs showed differential BPH resistance with different expression patterns of plant defense-related genes, indicating that BPH18 and BPH26 are functionally different alleles. These findings would facilitate elucidation of the molecular mechanism of BPH resistance and the identified novel alleles to fast track breeding BPH resistant rice cultivars.

scholarly journals Uji Ekstrak Daun Tithonia diversifolia sebagai Penghambat Daya Makan Nilaparvata lugens Stal. pada Oryza sativa L. (Evaluation of Tithonia diversifolia Leaf Extract as Feeding Capacity Inhibitor of Nilaparvata lugens in Oryza sativa L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri A. Mokodompit ◽  
Roni Koneri ◽  
Parluhutan Siahaan ◽  
Agustina M Tangapo
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Tithonia Diversifolia ◽  
Feeding Inhibition ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens Stål

AbstrakWereng Batang Coklat (WBC) (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) merupakan serangga hama yang dapat merusak tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.). Tanaman kipait (Tithonia diversifolia) berpotensi sebagai insektisida nabati karena memiliki senyawa toksik terhadap serangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji aktifitas makan akibat pemberian ekstrak daun kipait. Konsentrasi ekstrak daun kipait yang digunakan adalah 0% (kontrol), 1%, 3%,5% dan 7% dalam RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap) dengan 5 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak daun kipait berpengaruh terhadap penghambatan daya makan WBC. Penghambatan makan tertinggi terjadi pada konsentrasi 7% setelah 24 jam.Kata kunci : penghambatan daya makan, Nilaparvata lugens Stal., Tithonia diversifoliaAbstractBrown planthopper (BPH) (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) Is an insect pest that can damage rice plants (Oryza sativa L.). Kipait (Tithonia diversifolia) is potential as a bioinsecticide because it is toxic to insects. This study aimed to evaluate the feeding activity that was influenced by kipait leaf extract. The concentration of kipait leaf extract were 0% (control), 1%, 3%, 5% and 7%. The experiment design was CRD (completely randomized design) with 5 replications. The results showed that the kipait leaf extract influenced the feeding inhibition of BHP. The highest inhibition occurred in the concentration of 7% after 24 hours treatment.Keywords : brown planthopper, feeding inhibition, Tithonia diversifolia

scholarly journals Antibiosis effects of rice carrying Bph14 and Bph15 on the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangmiao Qiu ◽  
Wuqi Wang ◽  
Longqing Shi ◽  
Qiquan Liu ◽  
Zhixiong Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Developmental Duration ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Emergence Rate ◽  
Honeydew Excretion

The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, is the most destructive insect pest in rice production worldwide. The development and cultivation of BPH-resistant varieties is the most economical and efficient strategy to overcome the destruction caused by BPH. In this study, the modified bulk seedling test method was used to identify the BPH resistance level and host feeding choice of rice lines of Liangyou8676 (Bph14/Bph15), Bph68S (Bph14/Bph15), RHT (Bph3), Fuhui676, and TN1 on BPH. Meanwhile, the population, survival and emergence rate, developmental duration, honeydew excretion, female ratio and brachyptery ratio of adults were used as indicators to detect the antibiosis effects of the different rice lines. The results showed that the resistance levels of Rathu Heenati (RHT), Bph68S, Liangyou8676, Fuhui676, and TN1 to BPH were HR, R, MR, S and HS, respectively. The host choice implied that BPH was more inclined to feeding on rice plants with a lower resistance. An analysis of the antibiosis activity of rice lines RHT, BPh68S, and Liangyou8676 carrying resistance genes indicated a significant reduction in the population growth rate, survival and emergence rate of BPH nymphs, significant delay in the developmental duration of nymphs, reduced honeydew excretion of females, decreased female ratio, and a decreased brachyptery ratio of females and males, when compared with rice carrying no BPH-resistant genes.

scholarly journals Antibiosis Effects of Rice Carrying Bph14 and Bph15 on the Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Liangmiao Qiu ◽  
Wuqi Wang ◽  
Longqing Shi ◽  
Qiquan Liu ◽  
Zhixiong Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Developmental Duration ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Emergence Rate ◽  
Honeydew Excretion

The brown planthopper(BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, is the most destructive insect pest in rice production worldwide. The development and cultivation of BPH-resistant varieties is the most economical and efficient strategy to overcome the destruction caused by BPH. The modified bulk seedling test method was used to identify the BPH resistance level and host feeding choice of rice lines of Liangyou8676(Bph14/Bph15), Bph68S(Bph14/Bph15), RHT(Bph3), Fuhui676, and TN1 on BPH. In the meantime, the population, survival and emergence rate, developmental duration, honeydew excretion, female ratio and brachypterous ratio of adults were used as indicators to detect the antibiosis effects of the different rice lines. The results showed that the resistance levels of RHT, Bph68S, Liangyou8676, Fuhui676, and TN1 to BPH were HR, R, MR, S and HS, respectively. The host choice implied that BPH was more inclined to feeding on rice plants with a lower resistance. An analysis of the antibiosis activity of rice lines RHT, BPh68S, and Liangyou8676 carrying resistance genes indicated a significant reduction in the population growth rate, survival and emergence rate of BPH nymphs, significant delay in the developmental duration of nymphs, reduced honeydew excretion of females, decreased female ratio, and a decreased brachypterous ratio of females and males, when compared with rice carrying no BPH-resistant genes.

scholarly journals Overexpression of an Osa-miR162a Derivative in Rice Confers Cross-Kingdom RNA Interference-Mediated Brown Planthopper Resistance without Perturbing Host Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12652
Author(s):  
Wenzhong Shen ◽  
Shanni Cao ◽  
Jinhui Liu ◽  
Wenqing Zhang ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Reproduction Process ◽  
Brown Planthopper Resistance ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Host Development

Rice is a main food crop for more than half of the global population. The brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens) is one of the most destructive insect pests of rice. Currently, repeated overuse of chemical insecticides represents a common practice in agriculture for BPH control, which can induce insect tolerance and provoke environmental concerns. This situation calls for innovative and widely applicable strategies for rice protection against BPH. Here we report that the rice osa-miR162a can mediate cross-kingdom RNA interference (RNAi) by targeting the NlTOR (Target of rapamycin) gene of BPH that regulates the reproduction process. Through artificial diet or injection, osa-miR162a mimics repressed the NlTOR expression and impaired the oviposition of BPH adults. Consistently, overproduced osa-miR162a in transgenic rice plants compromised the fecundity of BPH adults fed with these plants, but meanwhile perturbed root and grain development. To circumvent this issue, we generated osa-miR162a-m1, a sequence-optimized osa-miR162a, by decreasing base complementarity to rice endogenous target genes while increasing base complementarity to NlTOR. Transgenic overexpression of osa-miR162a-m1 conferred rice resistance to BPH without detectable developmental penalty. This work reveals the first cross-kingdom RNAi mechanism in rice-BPH interactions and inspires a potentially useful approach for improving rice resistance to BPH. We also introduce an effective strategy to uncouple unwanted host developmental perturbation from desirable cross-kingdom RNAi benefits for overexpressed plant miRNAs.

scholarly journals Effect of Nutrient Management on Population Growth of Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
MM Rashid ◽  
M Jahan ◽  
KS Islam ◽  
MN Bari ◽  
SS Haque
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens Stål

Brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) is a major insect pest of rice in Bangladesh. Nutrient management in rice received little attention on BPH population. The present study evaluated the consequences of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) application on population build up and weight of BPH in the laboratory and net-house at Entomology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute. Three levels of soil nitrogen (0, 100, 200 kg N ha-1), phosphorus (0, 20, 40 kg P2O5 ha-1) and potassium (0, 60, 120 kg K2O ha-1) were compared for individual and combined effects. Interactions of N, P and K demonstrated no significant effect on population growth and weight of BPH. However, interaction of N and P showed significant effect on population growth of BPH. Fertilization with nitrogen increased population and dry weight of BPH. Phosphorus fertilization markedly increased the population growth while high potassium application decreased population build up and dry weight of BPH.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v17i1-2.20900Bangladesh Rice j. 2013, 17(1&2): 38-48

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