scholarly journals Plant-Derived Natural Compounds for Tick Pest Control in Livestock and Wildlife: Pragmatism or Utopia?

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo G. Quadros ◽  
Tammi L. Johnson ◽  
Travis R. Whitney ◽  
Jonathan D. Oliver ◽  
Adela S. Oliva Chávez
Keyword(s):  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Tick Control ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
The Road ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Promising Avenue

Ticks and tick-borne diseases are a significant economic hindrance for livestock production and a menace to public health. The expansion of tick populations into new areas, the occurrence of acaricide resistance to synthetic chemical treatments, the potentially toxic contamination of food supplies, and the difficulty of applying chemical control in wild-animal populations have created greater interest in developing new tick control alternatives. Plant compounds represent a promising avenue for the discovery of such alternatives. Several plant extracts and secondary metabolites have repellent and acaricidal effects. However, very little is known about their mode of action, and their commercialization is faced with multiple hurdles, from the determination of an adequate formulation to field validation and public availability. Further, the applicability of these compounds to control ticks in wild-animal populations is restrained by inadequate delivery systems that cannot guarantee accurate dosage delivery at the right time to the target animal populations. More work, financial support, and collaboration with regulatory authorities, research groups, and private companies are needed to overcome these obstacles. Here, we review the advancements on known plant-derived natural compounds with acaricidal potential and discuss the road ahead toward the implementation of organic control in managing ticks and tick-borne diseases.

Determination of Resistance to Abrasive Wear. VIII. Influence of Softeners in Tests with the Akron-Croydon and Du Pont Machines

1949 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-262
Author(s):  
J. F. Morley
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Road ◽  
Abrasive Surface ◽  
Abrasive Power ◽  
The Difference ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Right ◽  
Abrasion Testing

Abstract These experiments indicate that softeners can influence abrasion resistance, as measured by laboratory machines, in some manner other than by altering the stress-strain properties of the rubber. One possible explanation is that the softener acts as a lubricant to the abrasive surface. Since this surface, in laboratory abrasion-testing machines, is relatively small, and comes repeatedly into contact with the rubber under test, it seems possible that it may become coated with a thin layer of softener that reduces its abrasive power. It would be interesting in this connection to try an abrasive machine in which a long continuous strip of abrasive material was used, no part of it being used more than once, so as to eliminate or minimize this lubricating effect. The fact that the effect of the softener is more pronounced on the du Pont than on the Akron-Croydon machine lends support to the lubrication hypothesis, because on the former machine the rate of wear per unit area of abrasive is much greater. Thus in the present tests the volume of rubber abraded per hr. per sq. cm. of abrasive surface ranges from 0.03 to 0.11 cc. on the du Pont machine and from 0.0035 to 0.0045 cc. on the Akron-Croydon machine. On the other hand, if the softener acts as a lubricant, it would be expected to reduce considerably the friction between the abrasive and the rubber and hence the energy used in dragging the rubber over the abrasive surface. The energy figures given in the right-hand columns of Tables 1 and 3, however, show that there is relatively little variation between the different rubbers. As a test of the lubrication hypothesis, it would be of interest to vary the conditions of test so that approximately the same amount of rubber per unit area of abrasive is abraded in a given time on both machines; this should show whether the phenomena observed under the present test conditions are due solely to the difference in rate of wear or to an inherent difference in the type of wear on the two machines. This could most conveniently be done by considerably reducing the load on the du Pont machine. In the original work on this machine the load was standardized at 8 pounds, but no figures are quoted to show how abrasion loss varies with the load. As an addition to the present investigation, it is proposed to examine the effect of this variation with special reference to rubbers containing various amounts and types of softener. Published data on the influence of softeners on the road wear of tire rubbers do not indicate anything like such large effects as are shown by the du Pont machine. This throws some doubt on the value of this machine for testing tire tread rubbers, a conclusion which is confirmed by information obtained from other workers.

scholarly journals An MCDM approach for personnel selection using the CoCoSo method

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 78-88
Author(s):  
Milica Popović
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Candidate Selection ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Right ◽  
Selection Of

Candidate selection has a direct impact on the quality of a company's human resources department, so it's an essential activity for public and private companies alike. Various ways have been created to assist and make it easier for organizations to select the best candidate, specifically the right people to do specific roles. As a result, the purpose of this study is to propose the use of multi-criteria decision-making techniques in personnel selection. Therefore, for the determination of the weights of the criteria will be employed the SWARA method, whereas, for the ranking of the alternatives, i.e. selection of the best candidate, a CoCoSo method will be applied.

scholarly journals AN MCDM APPROACH FOR PERSONNEL SELECTION USING THE COCOSO METHOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 78-88
Author(s):  
Milica Popović
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Candidate Selection ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Right ◽  
Selection Of

Candidate selection has a direct impact on the quality of a company's human resources department, so it's an essential activity for public and private companies alike. Various ways have been created to assist and make it easier for organizations to select the best candidate, specifically the right people to do specific roles. As a result, the purpose of this study is to propose the use of multi-criteria decision-making techniques in personnel selection. Therefore, for the determination of the weights of the criteria will be employed the SWARA method, whereas, for the ranking of the alternatives, i.e. selection of the best candidate, a CoCoSo method will be applied.

scholarly journals CRIMINAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE CONCEPT OF A DRIVER DURING DRIVER TRAINING AND SKILL TESTING

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Māris Garjānis
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
Criminal Offence ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Driver Training ◽  
The Road ◽  
High Quality Education ◽  
The Right ◽  
Criminal Matters

The determination of the driver of a vehicle has a key role to play in administrative infringement cases and criminal matters related to the violation of road trafficking rules, since the driver who committed the offence is recognised as a subject of an administrative violation or criminal offence, which is called the liability provided by the law.The concept of a driver covered by the Road Traffic Law is unclear and limits the right of the trainee to a high quality education in a safe training process within the framework of breakdown training, creating unjustified risks for the trainee or training (instructor) responsibility.As part of the study, the problem with the concept of driver will be identified and a new concept of driver will be developed.  

scholarly journals The Commodification of Public Spaces on Khao San Road

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 81-96
Author(s):  
Parisa Musigakama
Keyword(s):  
Public Spaces ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Private Goods ◽  
The Road ◽  
Street People ◽  
Internal Mechanism ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

This study focuses on the mechanisms and institutions for the governance of public spaces on Khao San Road, Bangkok. Khao San is a small road famous for tourism. It is located near major attractions, and is full of budget accommodations and street vendors. This street is known among the locals and foreign tourists as one of Bangkok’s most vibrant and lively. Furthermore, Khao San offers immense opportunity for vendors, as it is crowded with tourists all day. This factor is of utmost importance to the success of businesses. Therefore, competitions for prime vending spots on the road have been going on for years. Under these circumstances, public spaces are transformed into private goods that can be traded, transferred and deprived in reality. With the qualitative method of grounded theory, this paper reveals the process of Khao San Road’s commodification as well as the mechanisms and institutions involved in the process. Qualitative data collected using three methods: non-participant observations, in-depth interviews, and document studies were triangulated and analysed. The findings suggest that both external and internal mechanisms have stimulated the commodification of public spaces on Khao San Road over the past decades. The external mechanisms are tourism and multinational capitalist economy. The internal mechanism relates to community norms on the de facto individual rights over public spaces. These mechanisms have developed unofficial rules to work at an operational level with official rules supervised by officials. A critical outcome of these mechanisms and rules is the determination of the right to access and use public spaces by various groups of stakeholders. In conclusion, the paper discusses the relationship between the commodification of public spaces and the inequality problem. Public spaces as private goods are not different from other private possessions that can be excluded through price, authority, and policy mechanisms. Collaboration between mechanisms has resulted in only a small number of people having the opportunity to indeed access and utilise the resources on the street. People whose opportunity is denied need to bring themselves into the patronage system to ensure the survival of their businesses.

scholarly journals SOIL LAYER CUT OFF BY THE AGGREGATE FOR REMOVING THE TOPSOIL FROM THE ROAD SUBLAYER: DETERMINATION OF THE CHAIN SPEED AND SIZES

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Nikolaev
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Kinematics Analysis ◽  
The Road ◽  
Financial Interest ◽  
Structural Layout ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Right

Introduction. For the durable road at the minimum necessary cost of its construction the topsoil should be removed without affecting the ground. The problem of cheaper road construction without reducing the quality can be solved by creating an aggregate for the sublayer’s formation. The aggregate removes the topsoil from half of the road sublayer and one of the ditch. The buckets of the moving aggregate cut off the soil layer from below and from one side. Therefore, each bucket is mounted by the bottom blade, the right blade and the console blade, partially cutting the topsoil from below for the passage of the next bucket. The blade of the lower knife with the 10 degrees’ angle to the plank of the bucket; the blade of the right knife and the blade of the console knife – with the 45 degrees’ angle towards the direction of the bucket moving.Materials and methods. To determine the speed of chains and the size of the soil layer the author carried out the bucket kinematics’ analysis and considered mathematical transformations. For checking the received parameters, the paper demonstrated the turn of the bucket on the leading 90 degrees’ lower drive. The author revealed the scheme of forces acting on the ground, located in the bucket, when it turned on the leading lower drive. Based on the system’s transformations of two equations and the inequality, the research established the inadmissibility of the bucket’s phasing out when it turned on the leading lower drive.Results. As a result, by using the developed method of determining parameters, based on the accepted raw data, the author calculated the speed of the chains, to which the buckets were attached, and the width of the soil, cut off by the bucket. After substitution of the received parameters in the inequality the author established that the ground would not fall out of the bucket by turning under such parameters of the bucket and of the leading lower drive.Discussion and conclusions. As a result, the author obtains the geometric parameters from the structural layout of the aggregate for removing the topsoil from the road sublayer. Based on the analysis of the kinematics of the interaction of the bucket with the ground, the paper reveals the speed of the chains, to which the buckets are attached and the width of the soil layer cut off by the bucket. Analysis of the forces acting on the ground and locating in the bucket at the moment of the bucket turn on the leading lower drive shows the rationality of the accepted and calculated parameters. The author determines the energy costs of cutting the ground with the buckets of the aggregate for removing the topsoil from the road sublayer.Financial transparency: the author has no financial interest in the presented materials or methods. There is no conflict of interest.

THE FACTORS OF CAREER SELF-DETERMINATION OF STUDENTS OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Inna Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Right

Choice of profession is a social phenomenon that every person has to face in life. Numerous studies convince us that not only the well-being of a person depends on the chosen work, but also his attitude to himself and life in general, therefore, the right and timely professional choice is very important. Research about factors of career self-determination of students of higher education institutions in Ukraine shows that self-determination is an important factor in the socialization of young person, and the factors that determine students' career choices become an actual problem of nowadays. The present study involved full-time and part-time students of Institute of Philology and Mass Communications of Open International University of Human Development "Ukraine" in order to examine the factors of career self-determination of students of higher education institutions (N=189). Diagnostic factors of career self-determination of students studying in the third and fourth year were carried out using the author's questionnaire. Processing of obtained data was carried out using the Excel 2010 program; factorial and comparative analysis were applied. Results of the study showed that initial stage of career self-determination falls down on the third and fourth studying year at the university, when an image of future career and career orientations begin to form. At the same time, the content of career self-determination in this period is contradictory and uncertain, therefore, the implementation of pedagogical support of this process among students is effective.

KEBIJAKAN MODERASI PIDANA MATI

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Mei Susanto ◽  
Ajie Ramdan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Life Imprisonment ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Moderation Model ◽  
The Right

ABSTRAKPutusan Nomor 2-3/PUU-V/2007 selain menjadi dasar konstitusionalitas pidana mati, juga memberikan jalan tengah (moderasi) terhadap perdebatan antara kelompok yang ingin mempertahankan (retensionis) dan yang ingin menghapus (abolisionis) pidana mati. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana kebijakan moderasi pidana mati dalam putusan a quo dikaitkan dengan teori pemidanaan dan hak asasi manusia dan bagaimana kebijakan moderasi pidana mati dalam RKUHP tahun 2015 dikaitkan dengan putusan a quo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian doktrinal, dengan menggunakan bahan hukum primer dan sekunder, berupa peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur, dan hasil-hasil penelitian yang relevan dengan objek penelitian. Penelitian menyimpulkan, pertama, putusan a quo yang memuat kebijakan moderasi pidana mati telah sesuai dengan teori pemidanaan khususnya teori integratif dan teori hak asasi manusia di Indonesia di mana hak hidup tetap dibatasi oleh kewajiban asasi yang diatur dengan undang-undang. Kedua, model kebijakan moderasi pidana mati dalam RKUHP tahun 2015 beberapa di antaranya telah mengakomodasi amanat putusan a quo, seperti penentuan pidana mati di luar pidana pokok, penundaan pidana mati, kemungkinan pengubahan pidana mati menjadi pidana seumur hidup atau penjara paling lama 20 tahun. Selain itu masih menimbulkan persoalan berkaitan dengan lembaga yang memberikan pengubahan pidana mati, persoalan grasi, lamanya penundaan pelaksanaan pidana mati, dan jenis pidana apa saja yang dapat diancamkan pidana mati.Kata kunci: kebijakan, KUHP, moderasi, pidana mati. ABSTRACTConstitutional Court’s Decision Number 2-3/PUU-V/2007, in addition to being the basis of the constitutionality of capital punishment, also provides a moderate way of arguing between retentionist groups and those wishing to abolish the death penalty (abolitionist). The problem in this research is how the moderation policy of capital punishment in aquo decision is associated with the theory of punishment and human rights and how the moderation policy of capital punishment in the draft Criminal Code of 2015 (RKUHP) is related with the a quo decision. This study is doctrinal, using primary and secondary legal materials, in the form of legislation, literature and research results that are relevant to the object of analysis. This study concludes, firstly, the aquo decision containing the moderation policy of capital punishment has been in accordance with the theory of punishment, specificallyy the integrative theory and the theory of human rights in Indonesia, in which the right to life remains limited by the fundamental obligations set forth in the law. Secondly, some of the modes of moderation model of capital punishment in RKUHP of 2015 have accommodated the mandate of aquo decision, such as the determination of capital punishment outside the main punishment, postponement of capital punishment, the possibility of converting capital punishment to life imprisonment or imprisonment of 20 years. In addition, it still raises issues regarding the institutions that provide for conversion of capital punishment, pardon matters, length of delay in the execution of capital punishment, and any types of crime punishable by capital punishment. Keywords: policy, criminal code, moderation, capital punishment.

Adolescent athletes and nutrition – analysis of two groups of children

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Tatyana Dzimbova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
The Right

Introduction. Proper nutrition is crucial for child and adolescent athletes to maintain growth and development and to achieveoptimal results in sports. It is very important to balance the energy expenditure with the energy intake in order to prevent the energy deficit or excess.Materials and methods. Subjects involved in two different sports participated in the study: 13 gymnasts (age 13.8 ± 4.1 years, height 153.4 ± 11.3 cm, weight 47.1 ± 10.5 kg) and 15 basketball players (age 15.5 ± 1.1 years, height 176.7 ± 7.9 cm, weight 65.2 ± 10.7 kg). Determination of total energy expenditure was made by prediction equations. The subjects maintained a food records for 5 consecutive days, which were processed in the ASA24 system of the NCI. Results and discussion. Energy intake in both groups is sufficient to meet the daily needs, development of young athletes andprovide the energy needed in training. The intake of three minerals (calcium, magnesium and potassium) and three vitamins (D, E and A) was lower than recommended values in both groups.Conclusion. As a result of the busy schedule of adolescent athletes, their main meals are out of home, and the proportion of highly processed foods containing small amounts of important vitamins and minerals is high. The main recommendations include dairy products, fruits, vegetables and whole grains. The idea behind the changes is to give young athletes the right diet and the right eating habits.

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