scholarly journals Comparative Ecology of Hyalomma lusitanicum and Hyalomma marginatum Koch, 1844 (Acarina: Ixodidae)

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Félix Valcárcel ◽  
Julia González ◽  
Marta G. González ◽  
María Sánchez ◽  
José María Tercero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Morphological Similarity ◽  
Comparative Ecology ◽  
African Species ◽  
Human Movements ◽  
Hyalomma Marginatum

The genus Hyalomma belongs to the Ixodidae family and includes many tick species. Most species in this genus are African species, but two of them, Hyalomma lusitanicum and Hyalomma marginatum, are also found in Europe and, owing to their morphological similarity, it is very difficult to tell them apart. This is a major concern because their phenology and vector capacities are quite different. Moreover, they share many habitats and both are currently spreading to new areas, probably due to climate change and animal/human movements. In this study, we review the described ecology of the two species and provide further interesting data on H. lusitanicum based on the authors’ experience, which could be useful in assessing the risk they pose to humans and animals.

Ticks and tick-borne pathogens in China.

2021 ◽  
pp. 492-499
Author(s):  
Hao Li ◽  
Li-Qun Fang ◽  
Wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Spotted Fever Group ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Potential Influence ◽  
Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiae ◽  
Tick Vectors

Abstract This expert opinion provides an overview of the type and distribution of tick species and emerging tick-borne pathogens in tick vectors and human beings (such as Anaplasma, Babesia, spotted fever group rickettsiae, Borrelia and viruses) in China and considers the potential influence of global warming and climate change.

Potential impacts of climate change on medically important tick species in North America.

2021 ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Lynn ◽  
Sukanya Narasimhan ◽  
Erol Fikrig
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
North America ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Disturbances ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract This chapter focuses on how climate change, together with land use and anthropogenic disturbances, can impact the biology and ecology of medically important ticks as well as the prevalence of tick-borne diseases in North America.

Possible direct and human-mediated impact of climate change on tick populations in Turkey.

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Sırrı Kar ◽  
Aysen Gargili Keles
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Climatic Change ◽  
Ixodes Ricinus ◽  
General Information ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Hyalomma Marginatum ◽  
Host Life

Abstract This chapter provides an introduction on the basic geographical, ecological and climate characteristics of Turkey as well as general information (such as host, life cycle) on the tick fauna in the country. It also discusses the possible direct and human-mediated impact of climatic change on the biology, ecology, behaviour and prevalence of tick populations in Turkey, with emphasis on Hyalomma marginatum, H. rufipes, H. aegyptium, H. excavatum, H. anatolicum, H. scupense, Boophilus (Rhipicephalus) annulatus, Rhipicephalus turanicus, R. sanguineus, R. bursaIxodes, Ixodes ricinus, Haemaphysalis spp. and Dermacentor spp.

Human Mobility and Climate Change

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 113-201
Author(s):  
Grant Dawson ◽  
Rachel Laut
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Adaptive Approach ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
Human Movements ◽  
Human Cost ◽  
Legal Frameworks

Climate change will have distinct impacts on various regions and populations. In this context, human mobility can be an empowered adaptation strategy or an unwelcome necessity for survival with a high human cost. Existing legal frameworks were not created with a view to addressing human mobility in this context; there is presently scarce political will to develop new, bespoke legal mechanisms. The insufficiency of legal frameworks, coupled with increasing recognition that attempts to mitigate global warming will not be sufficient to prevent massive human movements, have driven the development of an adaptive approach. This article explores this development, first analyzing the conceptualization of human mobility in the context of climate change. The shift in focus from a rights-based to an adaptive approach is then discussed through an examination of the underpinnings of each approach. The article concludes with a consideration of the way forward, given the existing political landscape.

scholarly journals Modelling the effects of bioclimatic characteristics and climate change on the potential distribution of a monospecific species Colophospermum mopane (Benth.) Leonard in southern Africa.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boniface K. Ngarega ◽  
Valerie Farai Masocha ◽  
Harald Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
African Region ◽  
African Species ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Colophospermum Mopane ◽  
Species Response ◽  
Southern African Region

Global climate change is gradually changing species distribution and their patterns of diversity. Yet, factors that influence the local distribution and habitat preferences for southern African species remain largely unexplored. Here, we computed the suitable habitats in the southern African region for Colophospermum mopane (Benth.) using the maximum entropy (Maxent) modeling approach. We utilized one Global Circulation Model (GCM) and three Representative concentration pathways (RCPs) to determine the current and future distribution of C. mopane. The results showed that the distribution of C. mopane was mainly influenced by solar radiation, annual temperature range, and annual precipitation. According to the species response curves, this species preferred habitats with annual precipitation of 130-200 mm, an annual temperature range of 28˚ C, and elevations of about 500 m above sea level. The results highlight that the geographic range of C. mopane is likely to expand along the borders of Zambia and Zimbabwe in the future, particularly in the miombo plains. Conversely, suitable habitat areas reduce significantly in the eastern area of the southern African region, while the western areas expand. Overall, the appropriate habitat areas will likely decline in the 2050s under both RCPs and expand in the 2070s under the two scenarios. This knowledge is important for landscape planners and rangeland managers working to safeguard biodiversity from extinction.

The emergence of tick-borne diseases in domestic animals in Australia.

2021 ◽  
pp. 424-429
Author(s):  
Charlotte Oskam ◽  
Isobel Ronai ◽  
Peter Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Theileria Orientalis ◽  
Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Geographical Expansion

Abstract In this expert opinion, two case studies of tick-borne diseases of domestic animals in Australia have been selected to illustrate how climate change can potentially influence the spread of introduced tick species and the pathogens they transmit. The first reports an incursion of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) into northern regions of Australia in April/June 2020 and the second describes the geographical expansion of bovine anaemia due to Theileria orientalis group (BATOG) across Australia since 2006. The introduction of novel pathogens into ecosystems exposed to climate change provides a unique opportunity to study disease dynamics in real time.

scholarly journals Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) infesting camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Northern Sudan

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Elghali ◽  
S.M. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Tick Species ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Camelus Dromedarius ◽  
Hyalomma Dromedarii ◽  
Hyalomma Truncatum ◽  
Hyalomma Marginatum ◽  
Monthly Total ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus Group

Monthly total body tick collections from 13-20 camels were conducted for 2 consecutive years (2000-2001) in Northern Sudan. Tick populations were correlated with locality, season, predeliction site, sex and coat colour. Hyalomma dromedarii was found to be the predominant (89 %) tick species infesting the camels. Other tick species found in very low numbers were Hyalomma impeltatum (7.7 %), Hy alomma anatolicum anatolicum (3.3 %), Hyalomma truncatum (0.29 %), Hyalomma marginatum rufipes (0.25 %), Rhipicephalus praetextatus (0.30 %) and Rhipicephalus sanguineus group (0.09 %). Nymphs of the genus Hyalomma were collected in significant numbers. Adult ticks significantly preferred to attach to the lower parts of the camel's body for feeding while the nymphs preferred the back of the animal.

scholarly journals Climate change and species distribution: possible scenarios for thermophilic ticks in Romania

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Domșa ◽  
Attila D. Sándor ◽  
Andrei D. Mihalca
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Social Habits ◽  
Species Ecology

Several zoonotic tick-borne diseases are emerging in Europe due to various factors, including changes of the cultural landscape, increasing human populations, variation of social habits and climate change. We have modelled the potential range changes for two thermophilic tick species (Hyalomma marginatum and Rhipicephalus annulatus) by use of MaxEnt® and 15 climatic predictors, taking into account the aptitude for future climatic change in Romania. Current models predict increased temperatures, both in the short term (up to 2050) and in the long term (up to 2070), together with possible changes also of the other climatic factors (e.g. precipitation), and may lead to higher zoonotic risks associated with an expansion of the range of the target species. Three different models were constructed (the present, 2050 and 2070) for four representative concentration pathways (RCPs) of greenhouse gas scenarios: RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6, and RCP8.5. The most dramatic scenario (RCP8.5) produced the highest increase in the probable distribution range for both species. In concordance with similar continental-wide studies, both tick species displayed a shift of distribution towards previously cooler areas of Romania. In most scenarios, this would lead to wider ranges; from 9.7 to 43.1% for H. marginatum, and from 53.4 to 205.2% for R annulatus. Although the developed models demonstrate a good predictive power, the issue of species ecology should also be considered.

scholarly journals Likely Geographic Distributional Shifts among Medically Important Tick Species and Tick-Associated Diseases under Climate Change in North America: A Review

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Abdelghafar Alkishe ◽  
Ram K. Raghavan ◽  
Andrew T. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Dermacentor Variabilis ◽  
Amblyomma Americanum ◽  
Ecological Niche Models ◽  
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever ◽  
Associated Diseases

Ticks rank high among arthropod vectors in terms of numbers of infectious agents that they transmit to humans, including Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Colorado tick fever, human monocytic ehrlichiosis, tularemia, and human granulocytic anaplasmosis. Increasing temperature is suspected to affect tick biting rates and pathogen developmental rates, thereby potentially increasing risk for disease incidence. Tick distributions respond to climate change, but how their geographic ranges will shift in future decades and how those shifts may translate into changes in disease incidence remain unclear. In this study, we have assembled correlative ecological niche models for eight tick species of medical or veterinary importance in North America (Ixodes scapularis, I. pacificus, I. cookei, Dermacentor variabilis, D. andersoni, Amblyomma americanum, A. maculatum, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus), assessing the distributional potential of each under both present and future climatic conditions. Our goal was to assess whether and how species’ distributions will likely shift in coming decades in response to climate change. We interpret these patterns in terms of likely implications for tick-associated diseases in North America.

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