scholarly journals Functional Identification of Px-fringe and Px-engrailed Genes under Heat Stress in Chlorpyrifos-Resistant and -Susceptible Plutela xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Jingnan Wang ◽  
Xiaofeng Xia ◽  
Gang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Functional Identification ◽  
Putative Protein ◽  
Calculated Molecular Weight ◽  
Cost Of Resistance ◽  
Wing Veins ◽  
Engrailed Genes ◽  
Reading Frames

In our previous research, the fitness cost of resistance of the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella found in insecticide-resistant DBM (Rc-DBM) under heat stress was based on heavier damage to wing veins when compared to insecticide-susceptible DBM (Sm-DBM). To investigate the molecular mechanism of the damage to the veins between Rc- and Sm-DBM, the full-length sequences of two related genes involved in the development of wing veins, fringe (Px-fng) and engrailed (Px-en) of DBM were cloned, and the mRNA expressions of both Px-fng and Px-en were studied. The Px-fng and Px-en cDNA contained 1038 bp and 1152 bp of open reading frames (ORFs), respectively, which encoded a putative protein comprising 345 and 383 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 39.59 kDa and 42.69 kDa. Significantly down regulated expressions of Px-fng and Px-en under heat stress were found in pupae and adults of Rc-DBM compared to Sm-DBM, and a result of higher damage to wing veins in Rc-DBM under heat stress. Based on RNAi experiments, significant inhibitions on expressions of Px-fng and Px-en in both Sm-DBM and Rc-DBM were found when the pupae were infected by dsFng or dsEn. Corresponding to these, infections of dsFng or dsEn resulted in significant decrease of eclosion rate and increase malformation rate of DBM. Our results suggest that the higher damage of wing veins in DBM might be related to the heavier inhibitions of Px-fng and Px-en expression, and the Px-fng and Px-en are involved in the development of wings and veins.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Satellite Virus Associated with Cassava Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana N. Souza ◽  
Fábio N. Silva ◽  
Claudine M. Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Coat Protein ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Putative Protein ◽  
Satellite Virus ◽  
Cassava Plant ◽  
Reading Frames

ABSTRACT A novel satellite virus of 1,228 bp in length was found in a single cassava plant. Bioinformatic analyses show that it has two open reading frames (ORFs) in its genome, probably encoding a coat protein of 156 and a putative protein of 90 amino acids.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of a Novel Virga-like Virus Isolated From Wheat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Li ◽  
Jun Guo ◽  
ZhongHua Zhao ◽  
Zhuangxin Ye ◽  
Jianping Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Virus ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Polya Tail ◽  
Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Putative Protein ◽  
Host Growth ◽  
Positive Sense ◽  
Reading Frames

Abstract In this work, we report the isolation of a novel positive-sense single strand RNA virus from wheat, tentatively named Triticum aestivum-associated virga-like virus 1 (TaAVLV1). Further characterization revealed that the complete genome of TaAVLV1 was divided into two segments, RNA1 and RNA2, which were 3530 and 3466 nt long, excluding the polyA tail. These segments contained two open reading frames (ORFs). The ORF in RNA1 encoded an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), while the ORF in RNA2 encoded a putative protein carrying MET and HEL domains. Phylogenetic analysis based on the RdRp protein of each representative genus of Virgaviridae placed TaAVLV1 in the unclassified Virgaviridae clade of the Virgaviridae family. To our knowledge, this is the first report of virga-like virus isolated from wheat. Future studies will be conducted to examine its effect on host growth and development.

Heat stress-induced expression of Px-pdrg and Px-aspp2 in insecticide-resistant and -susceptible Plutella xylostella

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Jing Nan Wang ◽  
Xue Zhun Chen ◽  
Qi Xing Hu ◽  
Qi Qing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
P53 Protein ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Full Length Cdna ◽  
Calculated Molecular Weight ◽  
Apoptosis Process

Abstractp53, DNA damage regulated gene (PDRG) and apoptosis-stimulating p53 protein 2 (ASPP2) are p53-related genes which can promote apoptosis. The full-length cDNA sequence of the Px-pdrg and Px-aspp2 genes were characterized and their mRNA expression dynamics under heat stress were studied in diamondback moth (DBM) Plutella xylostella collected from Fuzhou, China. The full-length cDNA of Px-pdrg and Px-aspp2 spans 721 and 4201 bp, containing 395 and 3216 bp of the open reading frame, which encode a putative protein comprising 130 and 1072 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 14.58 and 118.91 kDa, respectively. As compared to 25°C, both Px-pdrg and Px-aspp2 were upregulated in chlorpyrifos-resistant (Rc) and -susceptible (Sm) strains of DBM adults and pupae under heat stress. In addition, Rc DBM showed a significantly higher expression level of Px-pdrg and Px-aspp2 in contrast to Sm DBM. The results indicate that high temperature can significantly promote apoptosis process, especially in Rc-DBM. Significant fitness cost in Rc-DBM might be associated with drastically higher transcript abundance of Px-pdrg and Px-aspp2 under the heat stress.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of the Fungus Trametes hirsuta 072

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey R. Pavlov ◽  
Tatiana V. Tyazhelova ◽  
Konstantin V. Moiseenko ◽  
Daria V. Vasina ◽  
Olga V. Mosunova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Genome Annotation ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Trametes Hirsuta ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Putative Protein ◽  
Reading Frames

A standard draft genome sequence of the white rot saprotrophic fungus Trametes hirsuta 072 ( Basidiomycota , Polyporales ) is presented. The genome sequence contains about 33.6 Mb assembled in 141 scaffolds with a G+C content of ~57.6%. The draft genome annotation predicts 14,598 putative protein-coding open reading frames (ORFs).

scholarly journals Identification of small open reading frames (sORFs) associated with heat tolerance in nitrogen-fixing root nodules of Phaseolus vulgaris wild-type and cv BAT93

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Alejandra Zayas-del Moral ◽  
Damián Martínez- Reyes ◽  
Carmen Quinto ◽  
Federico Sanchez ◽  
Claudia Díaz- Camino
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Technology ◽  
Reading Frames ◽  
Small Open Reading Frames

Common bean is an important legume crop and a major source of protein for low-income groups around the world. Legumes have the ability to engage symbiotic interactions with nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria. In this study, next-generation sequencing technology was used to perform transcriptome analyses of a yet unexplored group of peptides encoded by small open reading frames (sORFs; < 150 codons) in nitrogen-fixing symbiotic nodules of two heat-tolerant genotypes of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L): the cultivar BAT93 and a wild genotype (named P. vulgaris 7) from the south of Mexico. After heat stress, total RNA was isolated and used for transcriptome analysis. Sixty differentially expressed sORFs were identified between control and heat stress treatments. The expression profiles of these sORFs suggest that, regardless the evolutionary closeness between P. vulgaris BAT93 and P. vulgaris 7, each genotype has independently adapted their molecular signaling pathways to survive heat stress. The dataset developed may provide a useful resource for future genetic and genomic studies in these species

scholarly journals Complete genome sequence of a novel fusarivirus from the phytopathogenic fungus Corynespora cassiicola

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingming Liu ◽  
Xintao Liu ◽  
Hui Zhao ◽  
Yunxia Ni ◽  
Min Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Corynespora Cassiicola ◽  
Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rdrp Domain ◽  
Putative Protein ◽  
The Family ◽  
Reading Frames

Abstract Corynespora cassiicola is an important phytopathogenic fungus and it has severely impaired the production of crops. In this study, we report on the molecular characterization of a novel (+) ssRNA mycovirus, Corynespora cassiicola fusarivirus 1 (CcFV1) isolated from C. cassiicola strain 20200826-3-1. Excluding a poly (A) tail, the genome of the virus is 6491 nt containing three putative open reading frames. The large ORF1 encodes a polypeptide of 1524aa with a conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domain, a helicase (Hel) domain, and a Phage-holin-3-6 (Phage-holin) domain. ORF2 encodes a polypeptide with a conserved Chromosome segregation ATPase (Smc) domain. The smallest ORF3 encodes a putative protein with an unknown function. Phylogenetic analysis based on the ORF1 and ORF2 of CcFV1 encoded polypeptide showed that CcFV1 is phylogenetically related to the newly proposed family Fusariviridae. Thus, we suggest that CcFV1 might be a novel member of the family Fusariviridae and is also the first discovered in C. cassiicola.

scholarly journals Identification of Virulence Genes ofHelicobacter pylori by Random Insertion Mutagenesis

1999 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 2433-2440 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. E. Bijlsma ◽  
C. M. J. E. Vandenbroucke-Grauls ◽  
S. H. Phadnis ◽  
J. G. Kusters
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Insertion Mutagenesis ◽  
Functional Identification ◽  
Gastroduodenal Disease ◽  
Flagellar Protein ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Random Insertion ◽  
Reading Frames

ABSTRACT The complete genome of the gram-negative bacterial pathogenHelicobacter pylori, an important etiological agent of gastroduodenal disease in humans, has recently been published. This sequence revealed that the putative products of roughly one-third of the open reading frames (ORFs) have no significant homology to any known proteins. To be able to analyze the functions of all ORFs, we constructed an integration plasmid for H. pylori and used it to generate a random mutant library in this organism. This integration plasmid, designated pBCα3, integrated randomly into the chromosome of H. pylori. To test the capacity of this library to identify virulence genes, subsets of this library were screened for urease-negative mutants and for nonmotile mutants. Three urease-negative mutants in a subset of 1,251 mutants (0.25%) and 5 nonmotile mutants in a subset of 180 mutants (2.7%) were identified. Analysis of the disrupted ORFs in the urease-negative mutants revealed that two had disruptions of genes of the urease locus, ureBand ureI, and the third had a disruption of a unrelated gene; a homologue of deaD, which encodes an RNA helicase. Analysis of the disrupted ORFs in the nonmotile mutants revealed one ORF encoding a homologue of the paralyzed flagellar protein, previously shown to be involved in motility in Campylobacter jejuni. The other four ORFs have not been implicated in motility before. Based on these data, we concluded that we have generated a random insertion library in H. pylori that allows for the functional identification of genes in H. pylori.

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