scholarly journals Physalis peruviana L. (Solanaceae) Is Not a Host of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae): Evidence from Multi-Year Field and Laboratory Studies in Colombia

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 434
Author(s):  
Martín Aluja ◽  
Larissa Guillén ◽  
Ángela Castro ◽  
Martha Liliana Cárdenas ◽  
Maribel Hurtado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Level ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Choice Experiments ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Field Cage ◽  
Physalis Peruviana ◽  
Host Status ◽  
Gravid Females ◽  
Regulatory Decisions

Scientifically-based, tephritid fly host status determination lies at the heart of strategic regulatory decisions impinging on international fruit trade. Here we conducted intensive field and laboratory studies with peaches as controls, to determine the host status of Physalis peruviana for the Medfly—Ceratitis capitata, as this fruit is experiencing a consumption boom worldwide. A total of 98,132 Uchuvas (local name), collected in Colombia from the plant or the ground over a three-year period (2016–2018) did not yield a single C. capitata larva or pupa, thus reaching a Probit 9 level with 99.9968% efficacy and 96% confidence level. Field-cage studies with enclosed fruit-bearing Uchuva plants, exposing fruit with an intact, damaged or totally removed husk to the attack of C. capitata, also failed to yield infestations. Highly artificial choice experiments, exposing gravid females to unripe and fully ripe fruit, resulted in an absence of infestations, even when overripe Uchuvas were artificially damaged. The husk and surface resins/waxes inhibit fly landings on fruit and oviposition activity. Considering our results and the fact that the foliage, husk and fruit of P. peruviana are repellent/toxic to insects, we conclude that this plant should be treated as a non-natural and non-conditional host of C. capitata.

scholarly journals Host status of ‘Scifresh’ apples to the invasive fruit fly species Bactrocera dorsalis, Zeugodacus cucurbitae, and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 458-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Follett ◽  
Jaime Pinero ◽  
Steve Souder ◽  
Lisa Jamieson ◽  
Barbara Waddell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Host Status

scholarly journals Male sexual competitiveness of two Ceratitis capitata strains, tsl Vienna 8 and OX3864A transgenics, in field cage conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 164 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jair F. Virginio ◽  
Maylen Gómez ◽  
Aline M. Pinto ◽  
Gessyca G. Aniely ◽  
Beatriz J. Paranhos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Field Cage

Fumigation Trials with Ethylene Dibromide for the Control of Eggs and Larvae of Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) in Citrus Fruit

1956 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 803-811
Author(s):  
A. Grunberg ◽  
K. Polac'ek ◽  
J. Peleg
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Ethylene Dibromide ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
Fumigation Chamber ◽  
Maximum Tolerance ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

Experiments in the treatment of Citrus fruit by fumigation with ethylene dibromide for the control of the damage caused by the Mediterranean Fruit-fly (Ceratitis capitata (Wied.)) were conducted during 1951–52 and 1952–53.Jaffa and Valencia oranges were found to tolerate a concentration of 18 gm./m.3 at approximately 20°C. and exposure time of 2½ hours.Grapefruit was found to tolerate a concentration of 15 gm./m.3 at approximately 20°C. for 2½ hours' exposure. When the exposure time is prolonged to 6 hours the maximum tolerance is 8 gm./m.3A kill of 75 per cent. of the larvae of Ceratitis inside the Citrus fruits was obtained by exposure for 2½ hours at a concentration of 15 gm./m.3Citrus fruit for export from Israel is normally fumigated with Decco (NC13) against certain fungus diseases. The exposure in this case is 6 hours. The possibility of combining the treatment with Decco and ethylene dibromide was examined. It was found that the treatments were compatible and that, at an exposure of 6 hours, a dosage of 6 gm./m.3 of ethylene dibromide gave a kill of up to 93·5 to 96·4 per cent.Fumigation of fruit for export, in batches of 3,000 cases at a time, showed that 6 gm./m.3 of ethylene dibromide (all other conditions being equal) killed up to 98·5 per cent. of Ceratitis larvae (provided no gas leakage occurred in the fumigation chamber). This concentration did not cause injury to Jaffa and Valencia oranges. In the case of grapefruit, slight damage occurred—especially in over-ripe fruit (during the second half of April) which was not intended for shipping.

scholarly journals Nonhost Status of Commercial Sweet Granadilla (Passiflora ligularis) in Peru to Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Anastrepha fraterculus

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 1158-1175
Author(s):  
Orlando S Dolores ◽  
Javier M Layme ◽  
Carlos C Huaynate
Keyword(s):  
Development Time ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Oviposition Behavior ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Natural Host ◽  
Host Fruit ◽  
Anastrepha Fraterculus ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Host Status

Abstract The host status of sweet granadilla (Passifflora ligularis Juss.) to Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) and Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) in Peru was determined. Experiments were conducted in Pasco (Peru) in four different orchards, over 2 yr (2016 and 2017), two orchards per year. Choice (granadilla plus natural host) and no-choice foraging behavior trials were conducted using sleeves under field conditions, and forced infestation was examined in laboratory cages, with five females per fruit. The development time of C. capitata was determined, and the oviposition behavior of C. capitata and A. fraterculus was examined. Three fruit maturity stages of intact (n = 1,320) and punctured (n = 1,320) granadilla fruits were examined. Adult C. capitata (n = 4,418) and A. fraterculus (n = 2,484) were trapped in the orchards, and commercial granadilla fruits (n = 1,940) sampled and dissected. Fruit fly infestation was not found in any intact granadilla fruits. Larvae and pupae were found inside punctured granadilla only in fruits broken after 20 d, and adults only emerged when those pupae were removed from the fruit. Ceratitis capitata development time was longer in punctured granadilla than that in host fruit. In the oviposition test, A. fraterculus and C. capitata did not lay eggs in intact granadilla, and C. capitata laid eggs in punctured fruits but larvae were not found. Because of the resistance mechanisms of the pericarp, commercial fruits of Passiflora ligularis are not a natural host of C. capitata and A. fraterculus in Peru.

scholarly journals Comportamento Reprodutivo de Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae): Efeito do Tamanho dos Machos Sobre o Seu Sucesso de Cópula.

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-197
Author(s):  
Alberto Moreira Silva Neto ◽  
Vanessa Simões Dias ◽  
Iara Sordi Joachim-Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Size Effect ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Small Male ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Male Size ◽  
Sexual Pheromone ◽  
Field Cage ◽  
Pheromone Emission

Neste trabalho avaliou-se a influência do tamanho de machos de Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) no seu sucesso de cópula. Para assegurar a produção de machos adultos de diferentes tamanhos (grandes e pequenos), dois grupos de larvas foram alimentados com diferentes concentrações de proteína. Subsequentemente, machos adultos de ambos os grupos foram comparados em termos de seu sucesso de cópula (estimado pela capacidade de ser escolhido pela fêmea) e de quantidade de machos que emitiram feromônio. O sucesso de cópula em laboratório foi avaliado com machos em várias proporções, nas quais se manteve constante o número de machos grandes com cinco dias de idade (um único macho) em relação a um aumento progressivo de machos pequenos com mesma idade. As proporções testadas foram 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, e 1:10. Nos experimentos de sucesso de cópula na proporção 1:1 e nos de emissão de feromônio, foram testados machos pequenos de diferentes idades (cinco, nove ou 13 dias), enquanto que a idade dos machos grandes se manteve constante (cinco dias). Experimentos de sucesso de cópula na proporção 1:1 também foram realizados em gaiola de campo. Evidenciou-se que os machos grandes levaram vantagem em todos os parâmetros analisados em laboratório, emitindo mais feromônio e tendo um maior sucesso de cópula, mesmo quando a idade dos machos pequenos foi variada. O efeito de tamanho foi tão significativo, que na proporção de 1 macho grande para 10 machos pequenos, as fêmeas ainda escolheram os machos grandes. Em gaiola de campo os resultados foram similares aos de laboratório. Reproductive Behavior of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae): Effect of the Male Size on the Copula Success Abstract. This work evaluated the influence of size on the copula success in Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). To assure the production of different adult sizes (big and small), two groups of larvae had been fed with different protein concentrations. Subsequently, adult males of both groups had been compared in terms of copula success and amount of males who showed the first step of courtship (emission of sexual pheromone). The copula success in laboratory was evaluated with males in some ratios, which the number of big males with five days of life (an unique male) in relation to a gradual increase of small males with same age kept constant. The tested ratios had been 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, and 1:10. In the experiments of copula success in the 1:1 ratio and the ones of pheromone emission, they had been tested small male of different ages (five, nine or 13 days), whereas the age of the big males kept constant (five days). Experiments of copula success in the 1:1 ratio had been also carried through in field cage. It was prove that the big males had taken advantage in all the parameters analyzed in laboratory, emitting pheromone and having a bigger copula success, exactly when the age of the small males was varied. The size effect was so significant, that in the ratio of 1 big male for 10 small males, the females had still chosen the big males. In field cage, the results had been similar to the ones of laboratory.

Asymmetries in Physiological State as a Possible Cause of Resident Advantage in Contests

Behaviour ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 135 (8) ◽  
pp. 1013-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Messing ◽  
Daniel Papaj
Keyword(s):  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Field Cage ◽  
Searching Behaviour ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
State Variable ◽  
Dynamical State ◽  
Host Fruit ◽  
Possible Cause

AbstractAs is common in defense of resources in many animals, contests on host fruit between female Mediterranean fruit flies (Ceratitis capitata) are generally resolved in favour of the resident individual. Here we offer an interpretation of resident advantage in this species which is derived from a dynamical state-variable perspective on behaviour. We first demonstrated the occurrence of residence advantage. In field-cage assays of freely-foraging and freely-interacting females within a tree bearing host coffee berries, the occurrence of two females on a berry almost always resulted in contests. Approximately half of the contests among females on berries resulted in clear winners; resident females won an overwhelming majority of such contests. Contests tended to occur while the resident fly was currently engaged in egg-laying, either boring into the berry with their ovipositor or marking the berry after laying eggs. Non-residents, by contrast, were uniformly engaged in searching behaviour. We next tested the hypothesis that degree of resident advantage is a function of the degree to which a resident is engaged in egg-laying behaviour just prior to the contest. In experimental manipulations of resident status, which female won depended strongly on what residents were doing at the time contests were initiated. If residents were resting and grooming, non-residents (who were uniformly searching) usually won. If residents were laying eggs or marking the fruit after laying eggs, residents usually won. Only when both residents and non-residents were engaged in searching behaviour did the outcome of a contest not depend on resident status. Finally, we tested the hypothesis that contest outcome is related to the dynamical state of the contestants in terms of their relative age. We staged contests between host-deprived females that differed in age by two weeks, manipulating age independently of resident status. Older females won virtually all contests with younger ones regardless of resident status. In a field-cage assay of freely-foraging flies, older females also engaged in significantly more egg-laying activity. Taken together, these results indicate that older females value a fruit more highly than do younger ones, invest more in defense of that resource and therefore win more contests.

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