scholarly journals Methyl Salicylate Increases Attraction and Function of Beneficial Arthropods in Cranberries

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordano Salamanca ◽  
Brígida Souza ◽  
Vera Kyryczenko-Roth ◽  
Cesar Rodriguez-Saona
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Methyl Salicylate ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Beneficial Arthropods ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Plant Volatile ◽  
And Function

Methyl salicylate (MeSA) is an herbivore-induced plant volatile (HIPV) known to attract the natural enemies of herbivores in agro-ecosystems; however, whether this attraction leads to an increase in natural enemy functioning, i.e., predation, remains largely unknown. Here, we monitored for 2 years (2011–2012) the response of herbivores and natural enemies to MeSA lures (PredaLure) by using sticky and pitfall traps in cranberry bogs. In addition, European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, egg masses were used to determine whether natural enemy attraction to MeSA leads to higher predation. In both years, MeSA increased adult hoverfly captures on sticky traps and augmented predation of O. nubilalis eggs. However, MeSA also attracted more phytophagous thrips and, in 2012, more plant bugs (Miridae) to sticky traps. Furthermore, we used surveillance cameras to record the identity of natural enemies attracted to MeSA and measure their predation rate. Video recordings showed that MeSA lures increase visitation by adult lady beetles, adult hoverflies, and predatory mites to sentinel eggs, and predation of these eggs doubled compared to no-lure controls. Our data indicate that MeSA lures increase predator attraction, resulting in increased predation; thus, we provide evidence that attraction to HIPVs can increase natural enemy functioning in an agro-ecosystem.

scholarly journals Methyl Salicylate Fails to Enhance Arthropod Predator Abundance or Predator to Pest Ratios in Cotton

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E Naranjo ◽  
James R Hagler ◽  
John A Byers
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Methyl Salicylate ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Conservation Biological Control ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Control Activity ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals

Abstract Conservation biological control is a fundamental tactic in integrated pest management (IPM). Greater biological control services can be achieved by enhancing agroecosystems to be more favorable to the presence, survival, and growth of natural enemy populations. One approach that has been tested in numerous agricultural systems is the deployment of synthetic chemicals that mimic those produced by the plant when under attack by pests. These signals may attract arthropod natural enemies to crop habitats and thus potentially improve biological control activity locally. A 2-yr field study was conducted in the cotton agroecosystem to evaluate the potential of synthetic methyl salicylate (MeSA) to attract native arthropod natural enemies and to enhance biological control services on two key pests. Slow-release packets of MeSA were deployed in replicated cotton plots season long. The abundance of multiple taxa of natural enemies and two major pests were monitored weekly by several sampling methods. The deployment of MeSA failed to increase natural enemy abundance and pest densities did not decline. Predator to prey ratios, used as a proxy to estimate biological control function, also largely failed to increase with MeSA deployment. One exception was a season-long increase in the ratio of Orius tristicolor (White) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) to Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring (= Bemisia tabaci MEAM1) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) adults within the context of biological control informed action thresholds. Overall results suggest that MeSA would not likely enhance conservation biological control by the natural enemy community typical of U.S. western cotton production systems.

Natural Enemy Community Composition and Impact on Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Eggs in Minnesota Apple Orchards

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailey N Shanovich ◽  
Brian H Aukema ◽  
Robert L Koch
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Predator Abundance ◽  
Polyphagous Insect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Yellow Sticky Traps

Abstract Halyomorpha halys is an invasive, polyphagous insect that feeds on many major crops, including apple. Statewide monitoring in Minnesota has shown continued increase of H. halys populations and occurrence of this pest in apple orchards. Potential arthropod natural enemies of H. halys and other pests have not been studied in Minnesota apple orchards. The purpose of this study was to characterize the composition of natural enemy communities; compare their abundances, richness and diversities between apple cultivars using different sampling methods; and assess the impact of natural enemies on sentinel eggs of H. halys in Minnesota apple orchards. Sampling occurred during the summers of 2017 and 2018 on Zestar! and Honeycrisp cultivars in four different apple orchards. In vacuum samples, arachnids, neuropterans, and coccinellids had the highest relative abundances. On yellow sticky traps, anthocorids were the most abundant. The total predator abundance differed between the cultivars sampled across years, with more predators found on Zestar! compared with Honeycrisp. No differences were observed in richness or diversity between cultivars with the exception of yellow sticky traps in 2017, which showed a greater diversity of predators in Zestar!. Despite the abundance of natural enemies sampled, sentinel egg masses deployed in the orchards each summer suffered on average <2% predation and no parasitism across years. Knowledge of differences in predator abundance between cultivars could inform management decisions; however, with current management practices, the potential for biological control of H. halys in conventional apple orchards appears low.

THIRD TROPHIC LEVEL EFFECTS OF AZADIRACHTIN

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. McCloskey ◽  
J.T. Arnason ◽  
N. Donskov ◽  
R. Chenier ◽  
J. Kaminski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Cotesia Congregata ◽  
Third Trophic Level ◽  
Sublethal Doses ◽  
Parasitoid Development ◽  
Diadegma Terebrans ◽  
The Impact

Azadirachtin (AZA) is the principal insecticidal compound occurring in the oil of neem [Azadirachta indica (Juss.)] seed. Although many studies have been published (Schmutterer 1990) regarding the effects of AZA on herbivorous insects, little is known of the impact of this compound on the natural enemies of herbivores. Beckage et al. (1988) investigated the effects of injected AZA on Cotesia congregata (FAY) (Braconidae), a parasitoid of Manduca sexta (L.). Parasitoid development was retarded when injections of 2.5–10 μg AZA were administered to the host larva prior to the wasp's first larval ecdysis. The development of new neem-based insecticides in North America (Isman et al. 1991) has prompted the investigation of the effects of AZA on the natural enemies of pest insects that have ingested sublethal doses of the active compound. Our laboratory study was carried out with the ichneumonid parasitoid, Diadegma terebrans (Gravenhorst), and its host, the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner). AZA (>95% purity) for this study was extracted as described previously (Xie et al. 1991) from seeds collected in India.

Effect ofBacillus thuringiensisCorn on Natural Enemies of the European Corn Borer

2003 ◽  
pp. 139-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin L. Steffey ◽  
Maria Venditti ◽  
Barbra Ria Barrido ◽  
Allan S. Felsot
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Corn Borer

scholarly journals Светодиоды и семиохемики растительного происхождения —перспективные средства мониторинга кукурузного мотылька

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А. Фролов ◽  
◽  
И. Грушевая ◽  
А. Мильцын ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Sex Pheromones ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Uv Leds

Delta sticky traps fitted with diverse lures were used in trials for attraction of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn. adults at the Kuban Experimental Station, Russian Federation in 2020. In terms of captures, 8 lures tested were divided into 3 groups: traps baited with sex pheromones caught the smallest numbers of moths (0.1–0.4 specimen per 1 trap per week), semiochemicals — the average numbers (alone or in combination with a sex pheromone) (7.0–7.2) and UV LEDs — the maximum number (25.6). In contrast to sex pheromones, LEDs and semiochemicals attracted considerable numbers of females (28.8–46.6%) besides males.

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