scholarly journals Expansion of Imaginal Disc Growth Factor Gene Family in Diptera Reflects the Evolution of Novel Functions

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Zurovcova ◽  
Vladimir Benes ◽  
Michal Zurovec ◽  
Lucie Kucerova
Keyword(s):  
Imaginal Disc ◽  
Purifying Selection ◽  
Growth Stimulation ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Factor Gene ◽  
Multiple Functions ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Growth Factor Gene ◽  
Intron Structure

Imaginal disc growth factors (IDGFs) are a small protein family found in insects. They are related to chitinases and implicated in multiple functions, including cell growth stimulation, antimicrobial activity, insect hemolymph clotting, and maintenance of the extracellular matrix. A number of new IDGFs have been found in several insect species and their detailed phylogenetic analysis provides a good basis for further functional studies. To achieve this goal, we sequenced Idgf cDNAs from several lepidopteran and trichopteran species and supplemented our data with sequences retrieved from public databases. A comparison of Idgf genes in different species showed that Diptera typically contain several Idgf paralogs with a simple exon-intron structure (2–3 exons), whereas lepidopteran Idgfs appear as a single copy per genome and contain a higher number of exons (around 9). Our results show that, while lepidopteran Idgfs, having single orthologs, are characterized by low divergence and stronger purifying selection over most of the molecule, the duplicated Idgf genes in Diptera, Idgf1 and Idgf4, exhibit signs of positive selection. This characterization of IDGF evolution provides, to our knowledge, the first information on the changes that formed these important molecules.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Scatter Factor/Hepatocyte Growth Factor Gene Promoter

1995 ◽  
Vol 270 (2) ◽  
pp. 830-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antje Plaschke-Schlütter ◽  
Jürgen Behrens ◽  
Ermanno Gherardi ◽  
Walter Birchmeier
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth Factor ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Scatter Factor ◽  
Factor Gene ◽  
Growth Factor Gene ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth

Identification and characterization of a fibroblast growth factor gene in the planarian Dugesia japonica

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 527-539
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abdul Auwal ◽  
Makoto Kashima ◽  
Osamu Nishimura ◽  
Kazutaka Hosoda ◽  
Minako Motoishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Factor Gene ◽  
Growth Factor Gene ◽  
Dugesia Japonica ◽  
Identification And Characterization

scholarly journals Expression and characterization of a B cell growth promoting polypeptide derived from the 12 kDa B cell growth factor gene (BCGF 1)

FEBS Letters ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 361 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
Panu E. Kovanen ◽  
Kimmo Virtaneva ◽  
Leena Harju ◽  
Carmela Kantor ◽  
Carl G. Gahmberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Factor Gene ◽  
Growth Factor Gene ◽  
B Cell Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Promoting

Alternative usage of 5′ exons in the chicken nerve growth factor gene: refined characterization of a weakly expressed gene

Gene ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 334 ◽  
pp. 83-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odile Bertaux ◽  
Esther Toselli-Mollereau ◽  
Charles Auffray ◽  
Marie-Dominique Devignes
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Nerve Growth ◽  
Factor Gene ◽  
Growth Factor Gene

scholarly journals Molecular Evolution and Characterization of Fish Stathmin Genes

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1328
Author(s):  
Jun Cao ◽  
Xiuzhu Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Functional Divergence ◽  
Purifying Selection ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Duplicated Genes ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Pesticide Stress ◽  
Intron Structure

Stathmin is a highly conserved microtubule remodeling protein, involved in many biological processes such as signal transduction, cell proliferation, neurogenesis and so on. However, little evolutional information has been reported about this gene family in fish. In this study, 175 stathmin genes were identified in 27 species of fish. Conserved exon-intron structure and motif distributions were found in each group. Divergence of duplicated genes implied the species’ adaptation to the environment. Functional divergence suggested that the evolution of stathmin is mainly influenced by purifying selection, and some residues may undergo positive selection. Moreover, synteny relationship near the stathmin locus was relatively conserved in some fish. Network analyses also exhibited 74 interactions, implying functional diversity. The expression pattern of some stathmin genes was also investigated under pesticide stress. These will provide useful references for their functional research in the future.

scholarly journals Identification, Characterization, and Expression Profile Analysis of the mTERF Gene Family and Its Role in the Response to Abiotic Stress in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Li ◽  
Wenqiu Pan ◽  
Yiyuan Yuan ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Yihan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Purifying Selection ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Expression Profile Analysis ◽  
Intron Structure ◽  
Comprehensive Search

Plant mitochondrial transcription termination factor (mTERF) family regulates organellar gene expression (OGE) and is functionally characterized in diverse species. However, limited data are available about its functions in the agriculturally important cereal barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). In this study, we identified 60 mTERFs in the barley genome (HvmTERFs) through a comprehensive search against the most updated barley reference genome, Morex V2. Then, phylogenetic analysis categorized these genes into nine subfamilies, with approximately half of the HvmTERFs belonging to subfamily IX. Members within the same subfamily generally possessed conserved motif composition and exon-intron structure. Both segmental and tandem duplication contributed to the expansion of HvmTERFs, and the duplicated gene pairs were subjected to strong purifying selection. Expression analysis suggested that many HvmTERFs may play important roles in barley development (e.g., seedlings, leaves, and developing inflorescences) and abiotic stresses (e.g., cold, salt, and metal ion), and HvmTERF21 and HvmTERF23 were significant induced by various abiotic stresses and/or phytohormone treatment. Finally, the nucleotide diversity was decreased by only 4.5% for HvmTERFs during the process of barley domestication. Collectively, this is the first report to characterize HvmTERFs, which will not only provide important insights into further evolutionary studies but also contribute to a better understanding of the potential functions of HvmTERFs and ultimately will be useful in future gene functional studies.

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