scholarly journals Interaction of Cultural, Biological, and Varietal Controls for Management of Stalk Borers in Louisiana Sugarcane

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Reagan ◽  
Megan M. Mulcahy
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Management Paradigms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mexican Rice Borer ◽  
New Pest

Diatraea saccharalis F is considered the most important pest of sugarcane in the United States. This article focuses on the history of pest management as it relates to the control of this stem borer in Louisiana sugarcane, and how control practices have become more in tune with integrated pest management paradigms. Various pest management strategies are employed against D. saccharalis and the interactions between each of these provide farmers with the tools needed to curb damaging infestations. However, the invasion of the Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar), and other confounding environmental factors have presented farmers, consultants, and researchers with new pest management challenges. We address these challenges and provide an overview of ongoing developments, particularly in the Louisiana sugarcane pest management program.

RESIDUES OF FOUR SYNTHETIC PYRETHROIDS AND AZINPHOS-METHYL ON APPLE FOLIAGE AND THEIR TOXICITY TO AMBLYSEIUS FALLACIS (ACARI: PHYTOSEIIDAE)

1985 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Bostanian ◽  
A. Belanger ◽  
I. Rivard
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Management Program ◽  
The Other ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Amblyseius Fallacis ◽  
Azinphos Methyl ◽  
New Pest

AbstractResidue analysis of apple foliage obtained from an orchard treated with the insecticides cypermethrin, fenvalerate, deltamethrin, permethrin, and azinphos-methyl revealed detectable residues on the leaves 8–9 weeks after the last treatment. Laboratory studies of foliage showed that of the synthetic pyrethroids, permethrin was initially as toxic as the other synthetic pyrethroids; however, its toxicity decreased considerably by the 5th and 6th week post-treatment. Azinphos-methyl was the least persistent and toxic insecticide evaluated. Unless new pest-management strategies are developed, the use of synthetic pyrethroids post-bloom in an integrated-pest-management program would not be desirable where Amblyseius fallacis (Garman) is the principal predator of phytophagous mites.

scholarly journals Rabies Surveillance Identifies Potential Risk Corridors and Enables Management Evaluation

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy J. Davis ◽  
Kathleen M. Nelson ◽  
Jordona D. Kirby ◽  
Ryan Wallace ◽  
Xiaoyue Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
The United States ◽  
Management Program ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Health Surveillance Data

Intensive efforts are being made to eliminate the raccoon variant of rabies virus (RABV) from the eastern United States and Canada. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Wildlife Services National Rabies Management Program has implemented enhanced rabies surveillance (ERS) to improve case detection across the extent of the raccoon oral rabies vaccination (ORV) management area. We evaluated ERS and public health surveillance data from 2006 to 2017 in three northeastern USA states using a dynamic occupancy modeling approach. Our objectives were to examine potential risk corridors for RABV incursion from the U.S. into Canada, evaluate the effectiveness of ORV management strategies, and identify surveillance gaps. ORV management has resulted in a decrease in RABV cases over time within vaccination zones (from occupancy ( ψ ¯ ) of 0.60 standard error (SE) = 0.03 in the spring of 2006 to ψ ¯ of 0.33 SE = 0.10 in the spring 2017). RABV cases also reduced in the enzootic area (from ψ ¯ of 0.60 SE = 0.03 in the spring of 2006 to ψ ¯ of 0.45 SE = 0.05 in the spring 2017). Although RABV occurrence was related to habitat type, greater impacts were associated with ORV and trap–vaccinate–release (TVR) campaigns, in addition to seasonal and yearly trends. Reductions in RABV occupancy were more pronounced in areas treated with Ontario Rabies Vaccine Bait (ONRAB) compared to RABORAL V-RG®. Our approach tracked changes in RABV occurrence across space and time, identified risk corridors for potential incursions into Canada, and highlighted surveillance gaps, while evaluating the impacts of management actions. Using this approach, we are able to provide guidance for future RABV management.

scholarly journals Social Distancing and Incarceration: Policy and Management Strategies to Reduce COVID-19 Transmission and Promote Health Equity Through Decarceration

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandy F. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Health Equity ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Behavioral Health Disorders ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prison Populations ◽  
The Impact

Incarcerated people are at disproportionately high risk of contracting COVID-19. Prisons are epicenters for COVID-19 transmission, including to the community. High rates of preexisting health conditions, limited access to quality health care, and inability to social distance make it impossible to reduce the impact of COVID-19 in prisons. Due to a history of compounded social determinants, incarcerated populations are disproportionately composed of people of color and people with stigmatized behavioral health disorders. Rapid decarceration is needed to promote health equity. Historical mass decarceration events demonstrate feasibility to rapidly release large groups of people while maintaining public safety. Iran and Ireland have released substantial portions of their prison populations by transitioning people to home confinement. In the United States and Uganda, some jurisdictions have reduced new incarcerations through policies that decrease arrests. These policies must be globally expanded to contain the epidemic, and its potential health consequences, while addressing health equity.

Dent Management Program

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackie McCoy ◽  
Scott Ironside
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Time To Failure ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Project Lead

Enbridge Pipelines Inc. owns and operates the world’s longest hydrocarbon transmission system, which traverses across the varying geophysical landforms of Canada and the United States. These pipelines range in diameter from 12” to 48” and were constructed between 1950 and 2003. The wide range of pipe sizes, practices used for construction, and landforms traversed result in a very challenging Dent Management Program. Standards such as CSA Z662-99, ASME B31.4, and B31.8 provide a criterion for the selection of dents that require repair. Experience has shown that these standards do not identify all dents that have a possibility of failure due to leak or rupture. Enbridge initiated a project to study dents with BMT Fleet Technology of Kanata Ontario, this study determined that the dent geometry in addition to the depth to pipe diameter ratio affects the propensity that a dent will fail. Recent research and development by a group sponsored project lead by BMT Fleet technology on dent characterization has combined the pipeline’s cyclic pressure history with the shape of the dent to predict a time to failure. Enbridge combines these tools along with new insights from field excavations into its Dent Management Program. The Dent Management Program includes a series of prioritization’s to determine which sections of pipelines require detailed dent analysis. Typical prioritization criteria are rocky terrain, larger occurrence of third party damage, and history of numerous dents or failures. The detailed analysis utilizes the BMT Fleet “Dent Characterization Criteria” which was developed using their Finite Element Dent Assessment Model. This model considers the geometry of the dent, pipe material properties and historical pressure data to predict a time to failure for each dent. This time to failure prediction requires some additional engineering analysis depending on how close the parameters of the actual pipe are to what was validated with the model. This engineering analysis will determine which dents are selected for excavation and examination. This model has provided Enbridge with a tool to better manage its dent program, and this will be proposed as an option to improve the existing standards.

OBSERVATIONS ON NESTING BEHAVIOR AND TURRET CONSTRUCTION BY ODYNERUS DILECTUS (HYMENOPTERA: EUMENIDAE)

1985 ◽  
Vol 117 (9) ◽  
pp. 1159-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.D. Schaber
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
The United States ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Nesting Behavior ◽  
Alfalfa Weevil ◽  
Hypera Postica ◽  
Provisioning Behavior ◽  
Southern Alberta

A search is being conducted to determine the indigenous parasites and predators of the alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica (Gyll.), in Alberta (Schaber 1981). A clearer understanding of the biology of the predator Odynerus dilectus Saussure will augment control of the alfalfa weevil in an integrated pest management program.Odynerus dilectus has been recorded in the United States (Bohart et al. 1982) and in Alberta, Canada (Strickland 1947). In California, Linsley and Michener (1942) reported that females stocked their nests with small caterpillars, but Bohart et al. (1982) reported that in Utah females of O. dilectus provisioned their nests with larvae of the alfalfa weevil. This paper summarizes data about the nesting and prey-provisioning behavior of O. dilectus in southern Alberta.

scholarly journals Assessment of the performance of some new insecticides for the control of the vine mealybug Planococcus ficus in a Tunisian vineyard

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mansour ◽  
K. Grissa Lebdi ◽  
S. Rezgui
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Performance ◽  
Systemic Insecticide ◽  
Planococcus Ficus ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Vine Mealybug

Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) cause major economic losses in many Tunisian grapegrowing areas. In an attempt to improve management strategies for the Vine Mealybug (VM) Planococcus ficus (Signoret), three insecticides, imidacloprid, Prev-Am® and spirotetramat, were evaluated for their effect on this insect on vine, with reference to methidathion. The systemic insecticide spirotetramat (Movento® 150 OD) provided the greatest control performance of the VM populations, compared to the contact insecticide methidathion, the systemic insecticide imidacloprid applied through furrow irrigated system, and to Prev-Am®, a new contact biopesticide. Three weeks after treatment, VM eggs and adult females were missing from spirotetramat-treated vines. Additionally, spirotetramat supplied a long-residual activity against VM populations and prevented further spread of these insects on vine leaves. Therefore, this new systemic insecticide could be incorporated in an Integrated Pest Management program for VM control in Tunisian vineyards. Despite its short-residual activity, Prev-Am® was shown to be more effective than both methidathion and imidacloprid, mainly on VM eggs and L3 nymphs, and resulted in the highest level of VM L1-L2 nymph decrease on vine trunks. Hence, this biopesticide might prove useful for VM management in vineyards. 

scholarly journals Nursery Integrated Pest Management in Wisconsin

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-75
Author(s):  
Karen A. Delahaut ◽  
Charles F. Koval
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Landscape Plants

A Nursery Integrated Pest Management program was initiated in Wisconsin in 1991. From 1991 to 1993, the educational and monitoring program enhanced grower familiarity with the IPM concept, as well as provided detailed information on the pest problems common to woody landscape plants in Wisconsin. Educational features of the program include twilight seminars and winter workshops, a pest control guide that described the management strategies available for pests of woody landscape plants, and also statewide pest reporting and pest predictions.

scholarly journals Organic Apple Production in Two Humid Regions: Comparing Progress in Pest Management Strategies in Iowa and New Zealand

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Delate ◽  
Andrea McKern ◽  
Robert Turnbull ◽  
James T.S. Walker ◽  
Richard Volz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
The United States ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

By 2003, organic apple [Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.] production had increased to 5626 ha in the United States and to 2964 ha in New Zealand by 2002. Common problems facing organic apple growers in the humid regions of New Zealand and the United States include effective management strategies for apple scab [Venturia inaequalis (Cooke)] and insect pests. Experiments conducted in Iowa in 2003–2004 demonstrated the effectiveness of a kaolin clay- and spinosad-based insecticide program in maintaining codling moth [Cydia pomonella (L.)] damage levels to less than 5% in the scab-resistant cultivars Enterprise, Liberty, Redfree, and Gold Rush. Similar pest management systems have been developed in New Zealand to comply with export standards and quarantines. The use of codling moth granulosis virus and a spinosad-based insecticide have led to reduced pest pressure and to an increase in organic exports with a 41% premium price over conventional apples. However, an association between spinosad use and woolly apple aphid [Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann)] population increase was observed in organic orchard surveys in 2006. An alternative to spinosad applications, insect disinfestation through controlled atmosphere (CA) treatment, was investigated to control quarantined pests and to extend the storage potential of scab-resistant cultivars. A CA treatment of 9 weeks of 2% O2 and 2% CO2 at 0.5 °C was determined to maintain firmness ratings to export standards in CA-stored, scab-resistant ‘Pinkie’ apples and to decrease internal ethylene concentration by 84% compared with apples stored in air. In addition, new scab-resistant cultivars with ‘Pinkie’ background under development in New Zealand show promise for organic production in humid regions. Few fruit quality differences were determined between ‘Pinkie’ fruits from integrated fruit production and organic production systems, although premium prices exist only for certified organic apples.

scholarly journals Developing Insect Pest Management Systems for Hemp in the United States: A Work in Progress

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney Cranshaw ◽  
Melissa Schreiner ◽  
Kadie Britt ◽  
Thomas P Kuhar ◽  
John McPartland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Flower Buds

Abstract Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is now being grown within the United States over a much broader geographic area and for different uses than during its last period of significant production that ended after World War II. Within the past 3 yr, a large number of arthropod species have been documented to feed on hemp in the United States. Among key pest species, corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), has demonstrated greatest potential for crop injury, being particularly damaging to flower buds. Hemp russet mite, Aculops cannibicola (Farkas), and cannabis aphid, Phorodon cannabis Passerini, are the two species observed most damaging among those that suck plant fluids. Eurasian hemp borer, Grapholita delineana Walker, is widely present east of the Rocky Mountains and appears to have potential to significantly damage both flower buds and developing seeds. Numerous species of caterpillars, grasshoppers, and beetles chew hemp foliage; the severity of these defoliation injuries appears to be minimal, but needs further study. Similarly, numerous seed feeding hemipterans, most notably stink bugs and Lygus bugs, are regularly found in the crop but injury potential remains unclear. Some preliminary efforts have been made to develop integrated pest management strategies for these insects, particularly for corn earworm. Future research can be expected to rapidly resolve many of the data gaps that presently restrict advancing pest management on the crop. However, a major confounding issue involves the use of pesticides on hemp. Federal agencies have not yet provided clear direction on this issue, and regulatory decisions have subsequently devolved to the states.

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