scholarly journals Rainfastness of Insecticides used to Control Spotted-Wing Drosophila in Tart Cherry Production

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andika ◽  
Vandervoort ◽  
Wise
Keyword(s):  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Immature Stage ◽  
Spotted Wing Drosophila ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Tart Cherry ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Precipitation Events ◽  
Immature Survival

Tart cherry production is challenged by precipitation events that may reduce crop protection against spotted-wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) (SWD). Due to SWD’s devastating impacts on yield, growers are often faced with the option of insecticide reapplication. Semi-field bioassays were used to assess simulated rainfall effects towards adult mortality, immature survival, and residue wash-off from different plant tissues for several compounds. Tart cherry shoots were treated with 0, 12.7 or 25.4 mm of simulated rainfall and infested with SWD for 5 days. Adult mortality was recorded 1, 3, and 5 days after shoots were infested, while immature stage individuals were counted 9 days after the first infestation day. All insecticides demonstrated higher adult mortality and lower immature survival compared with the untreated control at 0 mm of rainfall. Adult mortality and immature survival caused by phosmet, zeta-cypermethrin, and spinetoram were adversely affected by simulated rainfall. In all bioassays, acetamiprid was the least affected by simulated rainfall. Residue analysis demonstrated phosmet and spinetoram residues to be the most sensitive to wash-off. This study demonstrates different rainfall effects on SWD control for several compounds. This information may provide a basis for making an informed decision on whether reapplication is required.

Curative Activity of Insecticides Used to Control Spotted-Wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Tart Cherry Productions

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 2372-2379
Author(s):  
Ignatius Putra Andika ◽  
Christine Vandervoort ◽  
John C Wise
Keyword(s):  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Spotted Wing Drosophila ◽  
Tart Cherry ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Curative Action ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Tart Cherries ◽  
Vast Range

Abstract Spotted-wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii Matsumura) is a major pest of soft-skinned fruit and due to the low infestation tolerance for marketable fruit, growers take preventive actions to hinder spotted-wing drosophila damages. Insecticides application is one of the measures taken by growers. Although intensive spraying programs have been used to manage spotted-wing drosophila, its early infestation, rapid reproduction, and vast range of host have caused damage to still occur in fruit, including tart cherries, Prunus ceraus (Linnaeus). Therefore, there is a merit for information on insecticide’s curative activity to understand whether sprays manage spotted-wing drosophila individuals within infested fruit. Tart cherry fruit were exposed to spotted-wing drosophila adults for 3 d. After this infestation period, insecticides were applied 1 and 3 d later. Small larvae, large larvae, and pupae were counted 9 d after initial infestation. A parallel set of insecticide-treated tart cherries were subjected to residue analysis. Phosmet and spinetoram were able to reduced live spotted-wing drosophila counts compared with the control at all life stages and insecticide application times, whereas zeta-cypermethrin, acetamiprid, and cyantraniliprole were less consistent in reducing spotted-wing drosophila numbers. Chromobacterium subtsugae demonstrated no curative action. Residue analysis demonstrated that zeta-cypermethrin residues mostly remained on fruit surface. Small portions of phosmet, spinetoram, and cyantraniliprole were able to penetrate fruit surfaces and move into subsurface tissues. Acetamiprid was the only compound which >47% penetrated into the fruit subsurface consistently across both years. Curative activity demonstrated in this study can provide additional tactics for spotted-wing drosophila management in tart cherry Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs.

scholarly journals Acttra SWD Bait Formulation Against Drosophila Suzukii and its Compatibility with Berry Pollination by the Honey Bee, Apis Mellifera

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-290
Author(s):  
Ricardo Alberto Toledo-Hernández ◽  
Mónica Pulido-Enríquez ◽  
Francisco Landeros-Pedro ◽  
Douglas Rodríguez ◽  
Daniel Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Spotted Wing Drosophila ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Complete Coverage ◽  
Ecological Benefits ◽  
Insect Pollinators ◽  
Insect Populations

Abstract Crop protection substances are continuously developed to prevent the decimation of non-target insect populations through insecticide use. The bait formulation Acttra SWD was created to attract the adult spotted-wing drosophila, a generalist pest of berries, and when mixed with insecticide would cause a reduction in the volume of insecticide applied, thus avoiding a complete coverage of crops and resulting in economic and ecological benefits to society. However, Acttra SWD has some compounds, including sugars and fruit odors, that might attract non-target fauna, especially insect pollinators. Therefore this study aimed (1) to investigate if Acttra SWD mixed with the recommended pesticide, i.e. spinosad (Entrust), is attractive to the honey bee, which is extensively used for berry pollination and (2) to evaluate the insecticidal activity of Acttra/Entrust in oral and contact tests on the same species. In all replicates, most foragers rejected feeders that offered Acttra/Entrust, and some switched to Acttra/Entrust-free feeders. Accordingly, mortality caused by this mixture in oral tests was low and did not differ from control, since the majority of bees did not consume the Acttra/Entrust treatment. However, mortality caused by this mixture was higher than in control groups in topical tests. Our results indicate that honey bees will not be attracted to and poisoned by crops sprayed with Acttra/Entrust, but contact with the bait would result in lethal or sub-lethal effects.

Impact of phagostimulants on effectiveness of OMRI‐listed insecticides used for control of spotted‐wing drosophila ( Drosophila suzukii Matsumura)

2019 ◽  
Vol 143 (6) ◽  
pp. 609-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig R. Roubos ◽  
Bal K. Gautam ◽  
Philip D. Fanning ◽  
Steven Van Timmeren ◽  
Janine Spies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spotted Wing Drosophila ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii

Varietal and Developmental Susceptibility of Tart Cherry (Rosales: Rosaceae) to Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 1789-1797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T Kamiyama ◽  
Christelle Guédot
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prunus Cerasus ◽  
Tart Cherry ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Economic Threat ◽  
Vinegar Fly ◽  
Tart Cherries

Abstract Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is an invasive species of vinegar fly that infests soft-skinned and stone fruits. Since its first detection in the United States, D. suzukii has become a prominent economic threat in fruit crop industries, particularly affecting caneberry and sweet cherry growers. This study examined the susceptibility of tart cherries (Prunus cerasus) to D. suzukii and sampled for larvae and adult D. suzukii during the tart cherry growing season. Four tart cherry cultivars (Montmorency, Balaton, Carmine Jewel, and Kántorjánosi) were tested at three different ripeness stages (unripe, ripening, and ripe), in no-choice laboratory bio-assays. Field monitoring and sampling revealed that first adult D. suzukii detection occurred on 16 June, and first field larval D. suzukii detection occurred on 28 July. Adult D. suzukii populations increased through late August, and high numbers of adults overlapped with the tart cherry harvest. Lab assays indicated that tart cherry cultivars generally became more susceptible to D. suzukii as they ripened. As the fruit developed, °Brix (sugar content) increased and firmness generally decreased. Tart cherry °Brix and firmness were not correlated with the number of D. suzukii eggs per gram of fruit, but showed a significant interaction effect with the number of larvae and adults per gram of fruit. This study shows that tart cherries are largely not susceptible to D. suzukii when unripe and become susceptible as soon as the fruits change color, suggesting that fruits should be protected as soon as they begin to ripen and D. suzukii populations begin to rise.

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