scholarly journals Olfactory Preference of Drosophila suzukii Shifts between Fruit and Fermentation Cues over the Season: Effects of Physiological Status

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rik Clymans ◽  
Vincent Van Kerckvoorde ◽  
Eva Bangels ◽  
Wannes Akkermans ◽  
Ammar Alhmedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Apple Cider ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Full Complement ◽  
Protein Rich ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Olfactory Behaviour ◽  
Preference Experiment

Worldwide monitoring programs of the invasive fruit pest Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae), using fermentation baits like apple cider vinegar (ACV), revealed a counterintuitive period of low trap catches during summer, followed by an autumn peak. In this study, we demonstrate that ACV baited traps indeed provide a distorted image of the D. suzukii population dynamics as it is possible to capture higher numbers during this “low capture period” with synthetic lures. It was hypothesised that the preference of D. suzukii populations for fermentation cues like ACV is most pronounced during autumn, winter and spring, while the flies prefer fresh fruit cues during summer and that this seasonal preference is related to the changing physiology of the flies over the season. To test this hypothesis, the preference between fermentation cues (ACV) and host fruits (strawberries) and the effect of physiology (sex, seasonal morphology and feeding, mating and reproductive status) was investigated both in olfactometer laboratory experiments and a year-round field preference experiment. In olfactometer experiments we demonstrated that protein deprived females, virgin females with a full complement of unfertilised eggs and males show a strong preference for fermentation cues while fully fed reproductive summer morph females generally prefer fruit cues. These findings indicate that D. suzukii is attracted to fermentation volatiles in search of (protein-rich) food and to fruit volatiles in search of oviposition substrates. Winter morph and starved females displayed indiscriminating olfactory behaviour. In the field preference experiment, the hypothesised seasonal shift between fermentation and fruit cues was confirmed. This shift appeared to be highly temperature-related and was similarly observed for summer and winter morphs.

scholarly journals Can exotic drosophilids share the same niche of the invasive Drosophila suzukii?

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Amiresmaeili ◽  
C. Jucker ◽  
S. Savoldelli ◽  
D. Lupi
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Seasonal Occurrence ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Zaprionus Indianus ◽  
Apple Cider ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Chymomyza Amoena

The presence of the four exotic drosophilids Chymomyza amoena (Loew), Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), Zaprionus indianus (Gupta) and Zaprionus tuberculatus Malloch has been investigated in different orchards in Northern Italy for two consecutive years. The presence and the abundance of the population of the drosophilid flies were surveyed with apple cider vinegar traps, fruit baited traps, and fruit collection. Chymomyza amoena, Z. tuberculatus and D. suzukii have been identified in the Apple Cider Vinegar traps in both years. Only D. suzukii and Z. tuberculatus emerged from fruit baited traps. Except for D. suzukii, no other exotic drosofilid was captured from the fruit collection. Z. indianus was never observed. Analyses of the presence of the different species, seasonal occurrence and sex ratio are provided.

scholarly journals Raspberry as a Source for the Development of Drosophila suzukii Attractants: Laboratory and Commercial Polytunnel Trials

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Lasa ◽  
Ricardo A. Toledo-Hernández ◽  
Douglas Rodríguez ◽  
Trevor Williams
Keyword(s):  
Baker’S Yeast ◽  
Spotted Wing Drosophila ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Baker's Yeast ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Commercial Products ◽  
Apple Cider ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Capture Rates ◽  
Better Than

Several commercial products and home-made attractants have been developed for monitoring and mass-trapping of the spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii. Growers in Mexico have adopted an attractant based on a fermenting mixture of raspberry pulp and sucrose, with anecdotally promising results. We compared the capture rates of traps baited with raspberry pulp + sucrose with captures from a range of alternative attractants. Raspberry pulp alone or with sucrose was more attractive than apple cider vinegar (ACV) or SuzukiiTrap and similar to baker’s yeast + sucrose in laboratory cage studies. Synthetic raspberry aroma (0.1–10% concentration), in water or mixed with ACV, did not improve capture rates in the laboratory. Traps baited with raspberry + sucrose or ACV had similar captures of D. suzukii in raspberry or blackberry polytunnels in Michoacán, Mexico. Raspberry + sucrose baited traps captured significantly higher numbers of other drosophilid species, leading to higher total numbers of captured flies (all species), which may explain why Mexican growers favor the raspberry-based attractant. The commercial products SuzukiiTrap and Z-Kinol had lower captures than ACV in polytunnels, although SuzukiiTrap had the highest selectivity in captures of D. suzukii (81% of flies captured). A two-component trap (2C trap) baited with ACV + ethanol as the drowning solution and raspberry pulp + sucrose or baker’s yeast + sucrose in a ventilated tube device was markedly more effective than the trap currently used by growers. We conclude that raspberry pulp + sucrose is as effective for the attraction of D. suzukii as ACV under commercial polytunnel conditions. The 2C trap performed better than the transparent cup trap currently used by berry producers in Mexico.

Monitoring of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Okanagan Valley vineyards, British Columbia, Canada, and assessment of damage to table and wine grapes (Vitaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-431
Author(s):  
Susanna Acheampong ◽  
Etienne Lord ◽  
D. Thomas Lowery
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Wine Grape ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Wine Grapes ◽  
Apple Cider ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
Soft Fruit ◽  
Grape Cultivars ◽  
Okanagan Valley

AbstractSpotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), has become a serious pest of soft fruit in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia, Canada since its detection in 2009. The study was conducted to determine the distribution of D. suzukii and damage levels in grapes. Apple cider vinegar-baited traps placed in table and wine grape (Vitis vinifera Linnaeus; Vitaceae) vineyards during 2011–2013 demonstrated that D. suzukii was numerous in all sites, with earliest emergence and highest numbers recorded in 2013. Drosophila suzukii were reared from intact and damaged table grapes and damaged wine grapes collected from the field, but not from intact wine grapes. Drosophila suzukii were reared in low numbers in 2011 from intact fruit of 11 wine grape cultivars exposed artificially in the laboratory. Susceptibility of intact wine grapes under laboratory conditions in 2011 when sour rot was widespread might relate in part to undetected infections of berries due to weather conditions. Identification of Drosophila Fallén species revealed that D. suzukii comprised a small portion of the total. Our results demonstrate that healthy wine grapes in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia are largely undamaged by D. suzukii, while certain table grape cultivars should be protected from attack.

Dispersal of the sugar-cane scale Aulacaspis tegalensis (Zhnt.) (Hem., Diaspididae) by air currents

1972 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Greathead
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Sticky Trap ◽  
Research Station ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Dispersal Mechanism ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Aulacaspis Tegalensis

By means of sticky traps and a suction trap, it was demonstrated on a plot of sugar-cane at Kawanda Research Station, Uganda, that large numbers of crawlers of Aulacaspis tegalensis (Zhnt.) become airborne (up to 10/m3). The numbers increase with wind speed up to about 2·0 m/s and then remain constant, but are depressed by increasing humidity. In laboratory experiments, crawler survival was reduced by high temperatures (30°C) and low humidities (30% r.h.), but some individuals should survive the extreme conditions sometimes experienced if airborne from morning until evening. On hatching, crawlers move upwards and towards the light, but downwards in the dark; movement is inhibited by high humidity. These behaviour responses indicate hat the presence of crawlers in the air is not accidental but a dispersal mechanism. At Arusha Chini, an isolated sugar estate in Tanzania, sticky-trap catches downwind of a windbreak confirmed that airborne dispersal of crawlers is a major source of infestation. It is shown that air currents could have carried crawlers to Arusha Chini from a source on the Kenya coast, 260 km to the east.

scholarly journals Effects of Fine-Mesh Exclusion Netting on Pests of Blackberry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Kuesel ◽  
Delia Scott Hicks ◽  
Kendall Archer ◽  
Amber Sciligo ◽  
Ricardo Bessin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Popillia Japonica ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Insecticide Treatment ◽  
Fine Mesh ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Organically Managed ◽  
Insecticide Sprays

Fine-mesh exclusion netting is a potential alternative to organic and conventional insecticide application to control numerous pests of fruit crops. We tested whether fine-mesh exclusion netting would reduce pest abundance and increase marketable yield compared to organic spinosad insecticide sprays in an organically managed blackberry field. At the completion of flowering, we covered blackberry rows (N = 3) with fine-mesh exclusion netting (ProtekNet) and treated alternating rows (N = 3) with an organic spinosad insecticide (Entrust™). Fine-mesh exclusion reduced green June beetle (Cotinus nitida Linnaeus) and bird presence and marginally reduced Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman) presence on blackberry canes compared to organic spinosad insecticide treatment. Exclusion netting reduced the capture of spotted-wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii Matsumara; SWD) in baited traps in the fourth week of exclusion, and reduced the overall number of SWD adults emerging from harvested blackberry fruits. Marketable yield in the fine-mesh exclusion treatments was two times higher than the organic spinosad insecticide treatment. These results suggest that fine-mesh exclusion netting is a functional pest control alternative to organic insecticide treatment.

scholarly journals Population Dynamics of Drosophila suzukii in Coastal and Mainland Sweet Cherry Orchards of Greece

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 621
Author(s):  
Stella A. Papanastasiou ◽  
Vasilis G. Rodovitis ◽  
Evmorfia P. Bataka ◽  
Eleni Verykouki ◽  
Nikos T. Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Apple Cider ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Southern Mediterranean ◽  
Wild Hosts ◽  
Of Greece

Despite the recent invasion and wide spread of Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Europe, little is known regarding its population trends in coastal areas of the southern Mediterranean countries. Using adult trapping and fruit sampling, we studied the population dynamics of D. suzukii in coastal and mainland (semi-highland) cherry orchards of Greece, from 2018 to 2020. Adults were captured in traps baited with apple cider vinegar, placed in conventional and unmanaged sweet-cherry orchards, and in neighbouring wild growing hosts. Sampling of sweet-cherry fruit to assess infestation levels was conducted from early and late-ripening cherry cultivars in both areas. Adults were captured throughout the year in the coastal area with two peaks registered in spring and late-autumn. Captures were nearly zero during the hot summer months. Flight activity exhibited only one peak in autumn at the mainland area, and ceased during winter and spring. Captures in wild hosts were lower during the sweet-cherry ripening period than later in the season. Higher sweet-cherry infestation levels were recorded in the coastal than in the mainland area and in unmanaged than in commercial orchards. Both early and late-ripening cultivars were highly susceptible to D. suzukii infestation in the coastal area. Infestation rates were higher in late-ripening cultivars than in early-ripening ones in the mainland area. We conclude that D. suzukii has well adapted to the Mediterranean climate of Greece, and is able to progressively exploit several crops and wild hosts of mainland and coastal areas.

scholarly journals Invasive Agricultural Pest Drosophila suzukii (Diptera, Drosophilidae) Appeared in the Russian Caucasus

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 826
Author(s):  
Andrzej O. Bieńkowski ◽  
Marina J. Orlova-Bienkowskaja
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Invasive Pests ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Mediterranean Plant

Spotted-wing drosophila Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is one of the most important invasive pests of fruit and wine production worldwide. This species feeds on Prunus spp., Rubus spp., Fragaria spp. (Rosaceae), Vaccinium spp. (Ericaceae), Vitis spp. (Vitaceae), and other soft fruits. It causes significant damage because, unlike most other Drosophila species, it oviposits and feeds on healthy fruits. Drosophila suzukii is a quarantine pest that is included on the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) A2 List. This species is native to East Asia and has been rapidly spreading through Europe since 2008. Herein, we report the first records of D. suzukii in European Russia. In 2017 and 2020, we placed baited traps in different districts of the resort city of Sochi (Black sea Coast of the Caucasus, Krasnodar Territory, Russia). Three specimens of D. suzukii were collected in June 2017, two specimens in September 2017, and 44 specimens in September 2020. Specimens were identified by the typical female ovipositor, spotted wings of the males, and other morphological characters. Krasnodar Territory is one of the main fruit-producing regions of Russia. Therefore, populations of this pest should be monitored and measures to minimize economic damage should be taken.

scholarly journals Aedes vector–host olfactory interactions in sylvatic and domestic dengue transmission environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1914) ◽  
pp. 20192136 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Tchouassi ◽  
Juliah W. Jacob ◽  
Edwin O. Ogola ◽  
Rosemary Sang ◽  
Baldwyn Torto
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Disease Vectors ◽  
Domestic Environment ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Dengue Transmission ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Human Primate

Interactions between Aedes ( Stegomyia ) species and non-human primate (NHP) and human hosts govern the transmission of the pathogens, dengue, zika, yellow fever and chikungunya viruses. Little is known about Aedes mosquito olfactory interactions with these hosts in the domestic and sylvatic cycles where these viruses circulate. Here, we explore how the different host-derived skin odours influence Aedes mosquito responses in these two environments. In field assays, we show that the cyclic ketone cyclohexanone is a signature cue for Aedes mosquitoes to detect the NHP baboon, sykes and vervet, whereas for humans, it is the unsaturated aliphatic keto-analogue 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (sulcatone). We find that in the sylvatic environment, CO 2 -baited traps combined with either cyclohexanone or sulcatone increased trap catches of Aedes mosquitoes compared to traps either baited with CO 2 alone or CO 2 combined with NHP- or human-derived crude skin odours. In the domestic environment, each of these odourants and crude human skin odours increased Aedes aegypti catches in CO 2 -baited traps. These results expand our knowledge on the role of host odours in the ecologies of Aedes mosquitoes, and the likelihood of associated spread of pathogens between primates and humans. Both cyclohexanone and sulcatone have potential practical applications as lures for monitoring Aedes disease vectors.

Seasonal patterns in trap catches of the crayfish Cambarus bartoni and Orconectes virilis in six south-central Ontario lakes

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1136-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith M. Somers ◽  
Roger H. Green
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Smallmouth Bass ◽  
Orconectes Virilis ◽  
Scuba Divers ◽  
South Central ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Crayfish were trapped in six south-central Ontario lakes to examine seasonal changes in estimates of relative abundance. Baited-trap catches of Cambarus bartoni and Orconectes virilis correlated with changes in water temperature. Cambarid catches increased in the spring until a midsummer maximum, but dropped suddenly as the water temperature began to fall in August. Ovigerous (i.e., egg-bearing) females and recently moulted males were captured by SCUBA divers in August. Trap catches increased, once breeding and moulting periods concluded, and subsequently decreased as water temperatures continued to drop in the autumn. In contrast, catches of male O. virilis increased in the spring and remained relatively constant throughout the summer until water temperatures fell in September. Catches of female O. virilis peaked somewhat later in the summer and then gradually declined in the early fall. Although the two species and the two sexes differed in the length of the midsummer sampling period when trap catches were relatively constant, similar seasonal trends among lakes suggest that midsummer trap catches can be used to estimate crayfish relative abundance. Other factors, such as the presence of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieui), lake physical and chemical characteristics, and the number of co-occurring crayfish species also correlated with trap catches. Both the presence of bass and the number of co-occurring species of crayfish probably affect crayfish behaviour and activity, thereby reducing catches in baited traps, but not necessarily affecting actual population abundance. Comparisons of relative abundance based on catches from baited traps must control for these seasonal behavioural, and environmental factors.

Effects of lunar phase on light trap catches of the Malayan black rice bug, Scotinophara coarctata (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyomitsu Ito ◽  
Hachiro Sugiyama ◽  
Nik Mohd. Noor b. Nik Salleh ◽  
Chang Poon Min
Keyword(s):  
Full Moon ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Lunar Phase ◽  
Starvation Period ◽  
Rice Bug ◽  
New Moon ◽  
Fat Bodies ◽  
Trap Catches

AbstractDaily light trap catches of Scotinophara coarctata (Thunberg) were analysed from mid-September 1986 to December 1990 and the physiological status of the trapped adults was examined. The catch size fluctuated synchronously with the lunar phase; large catches occurred around the full moon period and very few adults were trapped around the new moon period. Seasonally, the catches were large from January to March and from July to September, while they were small from May to June and October to November. The seasonal fluctuations of the catches seemed to be related to the growth stages of the rice plants on which the adults multiplied. The sex ratio of trapped adults was biased toward males, unlike that of the cage-reared insects which was 1:1. Most of the trapped females showed undeveloped ovaries and some of these females appeared to have oviposited previously. Light-attracted adults showed a considerable tolerance to starvation and survived for 20–30 days when they were given water, but for only two days in the absence of water. When the light-attracted females were supplied with food, their ovaries developed rapidly and females with mature eggs were produced after nine days. When the starvation period was prolonged, the ovaries remained immature and the fat bodies reduced in size. The nocturnal take-off of the adults was not triggered simply by the full moon illumination. Adult eclosion did not synchronize with the moon cycle.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document