scholarly journals Abundance and Population Decline Factors of Chrysopid Juveniles in Olive Groves and Adjacent Trees

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Alcalá Herrera ◽  
Mercedes Campos ◽  
Marina González-Salvadó ◽  
Francisca Ruano
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Management ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Olive Groves ◽  
Juvenile Stages ◽  
Chrysoperla Lucasina

Numerous species of the family Chrysopidae, commonly found in agroecosystems, whose larvae predate on several pests of economic importance, are regarded as biological control agents. Their abundance and diversity are influenced by vegetation cover, although little is known about the effects of semi-natural habitats on their populations. The objective of this study is to gain a better understanding of the relationship between the trees in semi-natural habitats adjacent to olive groves, juvenile stages of the family Chrysopidae and factors influencing their population decline, which is crucial for an effective habitat management program aimed at conserving these important predators. Using cardboard band traps (eight per tree), the juvenile stages were collected from 25 almond, oak, olive and pine trees over a one-year sampling period. The population decline was caused by parasitoids (26.5%), predators (5.1%) and unknown factors (13.2%). In addition, chrysopids established in olive trees showed the lowest rate of parasitism. We identified ten chrysopid species that emerged from the juveniles collected from almond, oak, olive and pine trees, with a predominance of Pseudomallada prasinus. The chrysopid–parasitoid complex was composed of five species; Baryscapus impeditus (Eulophidae), which was the most abundant, was preferentially associated with Chrysopa pallens, Chrysoperla lucasina and Chrysoperla mediterranea.

scholarly journals Ectoparasites of the bats from karst caves of the nature reserve «Ichalkovsky Bor» (Nizhny Novgorod Region)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
Galina Anatolievna Fadeeva ◽  
Elena Evgenievna Boryakova
Keyword(s):  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Karst Caves ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Volga Upland ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One ◽  
Parasitic Mites ◽  
First Time

The fauna of parasitic mites of bats from the karst caves in the region of the Volga Upland was studied in 2004-2005. Six species of bats such as Daubentons water bat, Brandts bat, whiskered bat, pond bat, northern bat and long-eared bat were examined. 18 species of arthropods were detected, among them there are gamasid mites (10 species) and harvest mites (2 species). Leptotrombidium russicum (Oud., 1902) and Myotrombicula sp. were found for the first time in Central Russia. Spinturnix acuminatus (Koch, 1836), Steatonyssus spinosus (Willmann, 1936), Steatonyssus periblepharus (Kolenati, 1858), Macronyssus flavus (Kolenati, 1856) turned out to be the main group of parasites in this study. As for the insects flies of the family Nycteribiidae and fleas of the family Ischnopsyllidae were found. The cluster analysis of ectoparasite fauna has showed that they are more or less evenly distributed among all members of mixed colonies of bats, while there is no violation of specificity in the choice of hosts. Low values of the Berger-Parker index marked a lack of competition between species, which indicates the stability of parasitic communities formed on bats in mixed colonies and in natural habitats. This fact indicates a complex relationship between the parasites in the community on the one hand, and long-term existence of the community on the other hand. This, in its turn, shows that in long-evolving communities competitive relationships between parasites are obliterated, which gives them stability. Herewith the bat colony is used as an integral whole, although some parasitic species prefer certain types of hosts.

Physician Incentives for Shared Management of Childhood Cancer Patients

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 833-837
Author(s):  
Faye H. Strayer ◽  
Carol C. Fethke ◽  
Thomas Kisker ◽  
Nancy G. Dekrey
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Family Time ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
Physician Incentives ◽  
Shared Management ◽  
Outpatient Visits ◽  
The Family ◽  
Overall Evaluation

Four years' experiences of 69 primary care physicians who delivered more than 70% of the chemotherapy to 174 children with cancer were assessed. Five academic pediatric oncologists were responsible for diagnosis, assignment to a clinical trial protocol, and overall management. The academicians saw the patients at diagnosis and at regularly scheduled intervals but provided care for less than 30% of the outpatient visits. Factors examined included: (1) why the primary care physicians agreed to participate in the care of these patients, (2) how they thought their participation affected the patient and the patient's family, (3) how participation affected their personal and professional development, (4) how participation affected their practice, (5) what their perceptions were concerning the merits of traditional specialist management, and (6) their overall evaluation of the Iowa shared-management program. The initial agreement by primary care physicians to participate in shared management was related to their perception that it would improve the overall care of their patients. The physicians agreed that the program saved the family time and money, was of educational value, personally satisfying, and not economically detrimental to their practice. They did not identify areas where specialist management had clear advantages over shared management and none reported dissatisfaction with this management program.

Update and Review of Home Management Plan/Program

2017 ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
David J. Kolko ◽  
Eric M. Vernberg
Keyword(s):  
Management Plan ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Home Management ◽  
Contingency Plan ◽  
Final Treatment ◽  
The Family ◽  
At Home

This chapter describes the final treatment topic of constructing a home management program and contingency plan targeting the child’s behavior. It introduces and elaborates on various management structures. It includes a review and extension of material already discussed on the use of consequences (i.e., contingencies) to manage and support the child’s behavior at home. Emphasis is put on working with the parent(s) to ensure the home management plan is both feasible and effective, through discussion of current plans, revision of the plan, and final review. The family is advised on preparing for the termination of the sessions.

The morphology of the juvenile stages of two Oribatid species of the family Hermanniidae (Acari)

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 815-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Ermilov ◽  
N. A. Ryabinin ◽  
A. E. Anichkin
Keyword(s):  
The Family ◽  
Juvenile Stages

DEALING WITH CHINA'S FUTURE POPULATION DECLINE: A PROPOSAL FOR REPLACING LOW BIRTH RATES WITH SUSTAINABLE RATES

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 693-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHIXIONG CAO ◽  
XIUQING WANG
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Planning Policy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Future Population

SummaryDecreasing population levels due to declining birth rates are becoming a potentially serious social problem in developed and rapidly developing countries. China urgently needed to reduce birth rates so that its population would decline to a sustainable level, and the family planning policy designed to achieve this goal has largely succeeded. However, continuing to pursue this policy is leading to serious, unanticipated problems such as a shift in the country's population distribution towards the elderly and increasing difficulty supporting that elderly population. Social and political changes that promoted low birth rates and the lack of effective policies to encourage higher birth rates suggest that mitigating the consequences of the predicted population decline will depend on a revised approach based on achieving sustainable birth rates.

scholarly journals The Host-Plant Origin Affects the Morphological Traits and the Reproductive Behavior of the Aphid Parasitoid Aphelinus mali

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Ainara Peñalver-Cruz ◽  
Bruno Jaloux ◽  
Blas Lavandero
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Habitat Management ◽  
Alternative Host ◽  
Eriosoma Lanigerum ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Aphid Parasitoid ◽  
Aphelinus Mali ◽  
Biological Performance ◽  
Potential Use

Diversifying agroecosystems through habitat management inside or outside production fields can provide alternative hosts and/or prey for natural enemies. In semi-natural habitats, parasitoids may find alternative host-plant complexes (HPC) that could allow their development when pest hosts are scarce in the field. However, morphological and physiological differences between alternative and targeted HPCs could affect the preference and fitness of the parasitoids, possibly altering their efficacy in regulating pests. In the present study, we examined two Aphelinus mali parasitoid populations developing on Eriosoma lanigerum from two host plants (Malus domestica-apple trees and Pyracantha coccinea). We hypothesized that A. mali from both HPCs will show different life history traits and behaviors because primary and alternative host-plants are known to induce variations in parasitoid biological performance. Our findings indicate that A. mali originating from E. lanigerum on P. coccinea parasitized more aphids and are smaller than those originating from E. lanigerum on apple. Furthermore, these parasitoids did not significantly vary their ability to attack and oviposit apple E. lanigerum, suggesting that P. coccinea could function as a suitable banker plant for A. mali. We discuss the potential use of P. coccinea in conservation biological control of E. lanigerum in apple orchards.

scholarly journals Cities and Disturbed Areas as Man-made Shelters for Orchid Communities

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka REWICZ ◽  
Anna BOMANOWSKA ◽  
Myroslav V. SHEVERA ◽  
Józef K. KUROWSKI ◽  
Katarzyna KRASOŃ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grey Literature ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Habitats ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
The Family ◽  
Epipactis Helleborine ◽  
Clay Pits

Many species from the family Orchidaceae spread in anthropogenic habitats and numerous studies documenting this process are known. Unfortunately, such data are scattered throughout various papers and reports, sometimes fragmentary and hard to reach (the ‘grey literature’). Scientific elaboration on this topic still lacks a comprehensive review and summary of the scale of this phenomenon. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to gather, review and analyse such data, seeking the answer to the question whether the man-made habitats can be considered as refugee for orchids. The paper summarises data on the occurrence of orchid species in man-made habitats in Europe originating from published and unpublished sources. The particular emphasis was placed in urban habitats. For this purpose, the floristically data from 42 European cities were used. The conducted studies showed that the apohytism phenomenon in the family Orchidaceae was more widespread than had been previously reported. As a result, 70 species of orchids in the distinguished man-made habitats were found. The majority of the species grow on sand and clay pits. The most common species were Epipactis helleborine and Dactylorhiza majalis. The gathered data have confirmed that man-made habitats become refugee for many orchid species in the aftermath of the loss of their natural habitats. Thus, protection of sites transformed by man with orchid occurrence should be taken into consideration. These sites can become a source of very useful information for biogeographically and phylo-geographically analyses of many valuable and endangered species.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Family Case Management Program on 1996 Birth Outcomes in Illinois

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristie Keeton ◽  
Stephen E. Saunders ◽  
David Koltun
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Case Management Program ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Case

Preventing Low Birth Weight in Illinois: Outcomes of the Family Case Management Program

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 481-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Silva ◽  
Mike Thomas ◽  
Raul Caetano ◽  
Corinne Aragaki
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Case Management Program ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Case

scholarly journals White-naped mangabeys’ viable insurance population within European Zoo Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Iglesias Pastrana ◽  
Francisco Javier Navas González ◽  
María Josefa Ruiz Aguilera ◽  
José Antonio Dávila García ◽  
Juan Vicente Delgado Bermejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Wild Population ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Pedigree Data ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Population Demographics ◽  
Population Decrease ◽  
Animal Populations

AbstractThe success and viability of an ex-situ conservation program lie in the establishment and potential maintenance of a demographically and genetically viable insurance population. Such population reserve may support reintroduction and reinforcement activities of wild populations. White-naped mangabeys are endangered restricted-range African primates which have experienced a dramatic population decrease in their natural habitats over the last few decades. Since 2001, some European zoos singularly monitor an ex-situ population aiming to seek the recovery of the current wild population. The aim of the present paper is to evaluate the genetic status and population demographics of European zoo-captive white-naped mangabeys based on pedigree data. The captive population is gradually growing and preserves specific reproductive and demographic parameters linked to the species. The intensive management program that is implemented has brought about the minimization of inbreeding and average relatedness levels, thus maintaining high levels of genetic diversity despite the existence of fragmented populations. This finding suggests white-naped mangabey ex-situ preservation actions may be a good example of multifaceted conservation throughout studbook management which could be used as a model for other ex-situ live-animal populations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document