scholarly journals Foraging Behavior and Pollination Efficiency of Apis mellifera L. on the Oil Tree Peony ‘Feng Dan’ (Paeonia ostii T. Hong et J.X. Zhang)

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Chunling He ◽  
Kaiyue Zhang ◽  
Xiaogai Hou ◽  
Dongbo Han ◽  
Shuaibing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Wind Pollination ◽  
Tree Peony ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Single Flower ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Net

To solve the issue of insufficient pollinating of insects for the oil tree peony ‘Feng Dan’ (Paeonia ostii T. Hong et J.X. Zhang) and improve its seed set and yield, we conducted observations from 2017 to 2018 to investigate the relationship between honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) foraging behavior and diurnal activity. We compared the single-fruit seed set ratio among three flower types on the same plants of the oil tree peony, which flowered simultaneously, in three pollination areas (bee pollination, natural field pollination, and controlled pollination by pollinators) and in a net room under self-pollination, wind pollination and bee pollination. Apis mellifera exhibited short single visitations, long visitations to a single flower and repeated visits to flowers of the oil tree peony. The number of flower visits of A. mellifera was significantly and positively yet weakly correlated with the number of stigma visits (2017: r = 0.045, p < 0.05; 2018: r = 0.195, p < 0.01). The seed set of oil tree peony follicles in the A. mellifera pollination area was significantly higher than that in the natural pollination field area and the control net rooms. On the same oil tree peony plant with synchronous flowering, the percent seed set of follicles pollinated by A. mellifera at a high density was significantly higher than that resulting from wind pollination and self-pollination.

scholarly journals Contrasting bee pollination in two co-occurring distylic species of Cordia (Cordiaceae, Boraginales) in the Brazilian semi-arid Caatinga: generalist in C. globosa vs. specialist in C. leucocephala

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 881-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel C. Machado ◽  
Ariadna V. Lopes ◽  
Marlies Sazima
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Pollen Donor ◽  
Effective Pollinators ◽  
Effective Pollinator ◽  
Semi Arid

In this study we compare the reproductive biology of Cordia globosa and C. leucocephala (Cordiaceae, Boraginales; formerly referred to Boraginaceae) to understand the functioning of the floral morphs and the relations with their effective pollinators. The species are synchronopatric, distylic, and self-incompatible. Though they share melittophilous traits, the main visitor and pollinator of C. globosa was the generalist and exotic bee Apis mellifera, while the only one of C. leucocephala was the oligoletic bee Ceblurgus longipalpis. These two latter species are restricted to the Caatinga of NE Brazil, contrasting with the wide distribution of Cordia globosa. While the fruit-set for C. globosa was high, independently if the pollen donor/stigma receptor was a pin (long-styled) or thrum (short-styled) individual, in C. leucocephala the fruit-set was low and occurred only when a thrum individual was the pollen donor. This raises the possibility of this species moving towards dioecy. The high natural fruit-set of C. globosa confirms the generalist bee as its effective pollinator. The low fruit-set after manual crosses in C. leucocephala may be due to low pollen viability. Additionally, the low natural fruit-set (two times lower than after crosses) may be related with the foraging behavior of the specialist pollinator.

Honeybee pollination of lupins (Lupinus albus cv. Hamburg)

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
DF Langridge ◽  
RD Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Wind Pollination ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Self Pollination

Mean yields of seed, percentage germination of seed, and mass of 1000 seeds of Lupinus albus cv. Hamburg were significantly greater from plots to which honeybees (Apis mellifera) and larger insects had access than from plots which excluded these insects. Bees collected appreciable quantities of pollen and nectar from the lupin flowers, which enabled them to build up colony populations, store surplus honey and provide some surplus pollen to the beekeeper.No airborne lupin pollen was detected and wind pollination of this species seems to be negligible; but some self-pollination does occur. Bee activity on this species makes bees important agents of pollination of L. albus.

scholarly journals Foraging Behavior of Honeybees (Apis Mellifera L.) and Ground Bumblebees (Bombus Terrestris L.) and its Influence on Seed Yield and Oil Quality of Oil Tree Peony Cultivar ‘Fengdan’ (Paeonia Ostii T. Hong et J. X. Zhang)

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-142
Author(s):  
Chunling He ◽  
Kaiyue Zhang ◽  
Dongbo Han ◽  
Shuaibing Wang ◽  
Xiaogai Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Bombus Terrestris ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Visit Time ◽  
Tree Peony ◽  
Flower Visit ◽  
Single Flower ◽  
Bumblebee Pollination

AbstractOil peony (Paeonia spp.) is a new type of woody oil crop in China with a large cultivation area. Inadequate pollination is one of the main reasons for low seed yield. A pollination net room was built at an oil tree peony base, the numbers of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) and ground bumblebees (Bombus terrestris L.) were artificially increased and the foraging behaviors and daily activities of the two bees on the plants were observed. Four different pollination methods (honeybee pollination, ground bumblebee pollination, natural field pollination and pollination without insects) were applied. The visit interval, single-flower visit time, number of single-flower visits, number of flowers visited per minute and number of stigma contacts were compared. Meanwhile, the effects of honeybee and bumblebee pollination on the oil yield and quality of peony seeds were compared. There were noticeable differences in daily activity between honeybees and ground bumblebees. Significant differences in the single-flower visit time, visit interval and visit frequency were also observed; honeybee and ground bumblebee pollination increased the seed yield of oil tree peony by 78.74% and 31.88%, respectively. Therefore, both honeybees and ground bumblebees are effective pollinators of oil tree peony. These results provide a theoretical basis for further utilization of bee resources for oil tree peony pollination.

scholarly journals Comparative Foraging Behavior of Apis Cerana F. and Apis Mellifera L. in Rapeseed under Cage Condition in Chitwan, Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-487
Author(s):  
Rameshwor Pudasaini ◽  
Resham Bahadur Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Pollen Collection ◽  
Cage Condition

An experiment was conducted to determine the foraging behavior of Apis mellifera L. and Apis cerana F. in rapeseed under cage condition in Chitwan, Nepal during 2012-2013. This experiment showed that Apis cerana F. foraged extra 42 minute per day as compared to Apis mellifera L. Apis cerana F. were more attracted to nectar, whereas Apis mellifera L. were more attracted to pollen collection throughout the day. The activities, in into hives and out from hives, for both species were recorded more at 2:00 pm and least at 8:00 am. The highest in-out were observed at 2:00 pm on both species as Apis mellifera L. 44.33 bees entered into hives and 49.66 bees went out of hives, whereas lower number of Apis cerana F. 43.66 bees entered into hives and 48.16 bees were out of hives. Apis mellifera L. collect 1.22:1 and 0.41:1 pollen nectar ratio at 10:00 am and 4:00 am whereas at same hours Apis cerana collect 1.16:1 and 0.30:1 pollen nectar ratio. Apis cerana F. foraged significantly higher number of rapeseed flowers and plants as compared to Apis mellifera L. under caged condition. It shows that Apis cerana F. was more efficient pollinator as compared to Apis mellifera L. under caged condition. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i4.11238Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 2(4): 483-487  

scholarly journals Influence of bee pollination on quality and quantity of onion (Allium cepa L.) seed

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-204
Author(s):  
Subhash B. Kandakoor ◽  
Jitendra Kumar S. Hilli
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The activity of bees pollination in onion was observed throughout the day. Numerically maximum activity was observed during afternoon hours (12.00 to 2.00 PM) with 7.00 numbers in rock bee, 5.40 in Indian bees, 11.60 in little bees and 7.80 in case of dammer be, respectively. Among the four species of bees, little bees were more in entire day with highest of 111.60 bees/10 inflorescence/ minute followed by dammer bee with 9.40 bees/10 inflorescence/ minute, Among the bees major contributor was little bee, this may be due to more colonies of little bees in that area and destruction of rock bee colonies. Also, the bee acitivty was observed maximum number at 100 per cent flowering stage. The observations on number of seeds per umbel, 1000 seed weight and per cent germination under the laboratory conditions. The results clearly indicated that, maximum number of seeds per umbel was observed in open pollinated flowers with 339.30 ± 60.27 seeds per umber where all the four species of bees were made visits regularly followed by in case of pollination in mesh cloth cage with bees with 330.00±35.80 and very least number of seed set was observed in case of pollination in mesh cloth cage without bees with only 60.70 seeds/umbel. Similarly, 1000 seed weight also differed significantly in case of pollination with bees and without bees. In case of with bees it weighed around 3.37 g/1000 seeds followed by 3.10 g/1000 seeds in onion with bee cage and least in case of control with only 1.97 g/1000 seeds.

scholarly journals Effects of Bacterial Cell-Free Supernatant on Nutritional Parameters of Apis Mellifera and Their Toxicity Against Varroa Destructor

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Fiorella G. De Piano ◽  
Matias D. Maggi ◽  
Facundo R. Meroi Arceitto ◽  
Marcela C. Audisio ◽  
Martín Eguaras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Colony Losses ◽  
Nutritional Parameters ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Bee Health ◽  
Contact Exposure ◽  
Fat Bodies ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractApis mellifera L. is an essential pollinator that is currently being affected by several stressors that disturb their ecological function and produce colony losses. Colonies are being seriously affected by the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor. The relationship between stressors and bee symbionts is being studied in order to enhance bee health. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of cell-free supernatants (CFSs) produced by Lactobacillus johnsonii AJ5, Enterococcus faecium SM21 and Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis Mori2 on A. mellifera nutritional parameters and their toxicity against V. destructor. Toxicity and survival bioassays were conducted on adult bees with different concentrations of CFSs. Nutritional parameters such as soluble proteins and fat bodies in abdomens were measured. Varroa destructor toxicity was analyzed by a contact exposure method and via bee hemolymph. At low concentrations, two of CFSs tends to enhance bee survival. Remarkably fat bodies maintained their levels with all CFS concentrations in the abdomens, and soluble protein increased at a high concentration of two CFSs. Toxicity against V. destructor was observed only via hemolymph, and results were in agreement with the treatment that produced an increase in bee proteins. Finally, CFS produced by L. johnsonii AJ5 could be a promising natural alternative for strengthening bee health.

scholarly journals Inoculation and N Fertilization Affect the Dry Matter, N Fixation, and Bioactive Compounds in Sulla Leaves

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Sulas ◽  
Giuseppe Campesi ◽  
Giovanna Piluzza ◽  
Giovanni A. Re ◽  
Paola A. Deligios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
N Application ◽  
Uninoculated Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Leaf N

Sulla (Sulla coronaria [L.] Medik), a Mediterranean short-lived legume with tolerance to drought-prone environments, requires inoculation outside its natural habitat. Its leaves are appreciated for the bromatological composition and content of bioactive compounds. However, no information is available regarding the distinct effects of inoculation and nitrogen (N) applications on leaf dry matter (DM), fixed N, and bioactive compounds. Sulla leaves were sampled from the vegetative stage to seed set in Sardinia (Italy) during 2013–2014 and leaf DM, N content, and fixed N were determined. Compared to the best performing inoculated treatments, DM yield and fixed N values of the control only represented 8% to 20% and 2% to 9%, respectively. A significant relationship between fixed N and leaf DM yield was established, reaching 30 kg fixed N t–1 at seed set. Significant variations in leaf atom% 15N excess and %Ndfa quantified decreases in leaf N fixation coupled with N application. Moreover, the petiole content of phenolic compounds markedly increased in the uninoculated control, suggesting deeper investigations on the relationship between bioactive compounds and inoculation treatments. Results highlighted substantial variation in DM, N yields, N-fixation ability, and content of bioactive compounds of sulla leaves caused by inoculation and N fertilization.

scholarly journals Foraging Preference of Apis cerana F. and Apis mellifera L. to Broccoli under Caged and Open Conditions in Chitwan

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 167-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
FR Devkota ◽  
RB Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Foraging Preference

A study was conducted to evaluate foraging behavior of Apis cerana F. and A. mellifera L. in broccoli blooms under caged and open conditions in Chitwan, Nepal during 1999-2000. The study showed that both the bee species preferred open plot for foraging and A. cerana F. foraged significantly (P < 0.05) higher number of broccoli flowers (an average of 11.39 and 12.11 flowers per minute) as compared to A. mellifera L. (an average of 9.03 and 10.89 flowers per minute) under caged and open conditions, respectively. The number of bees foraging per plant was not significantly different, showing broccoli bloom equally preferable to both honeybee species. Key words: Apis cerana F., A. mellifera L., foraging, broccoli blooms, open and caged plots J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 26:167-168 (2005)

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