scholarly journals Habrobracon hebetor and Pteromalus cerealellae as Tools in Post-Harvest Integrated Pest Management

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Mbata ◽  
Sanower Warsi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Habrobracon Hebetor ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Searching Ability ◽  
Chemical Pesticides ◽  
Stored Grain Insects ◽  
Pteromalus Cerealellae

Consumers are increasingly demanding pesticide-free grain/legumes and processed foods. Additionally, there are more restrictions, or complete loss, of insecticides labelled for use in managing stored grain insects in post-harvest ecosystems. Suppression of post-harvest pests using parasitic wasps is a more sustainable alternative than chemical pesticides. Habrobracon hebetor (Say) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Pteromalus cerealellae Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) are two important parasitoids that limit economically important pests of stored products. Host searching ability and reproductive performances of H. hebetor and P. cerealellae depend on a wide range of factors, such as host species, commodities, and environmental conditions. Further, use of entomopathogens can complement the ability of parasitoids to regulate pest populations. This review provides information on aspects of H. hebetor and P. cerealellae biology and successful regulation of post-harvest pest populations.

scholarly journals Introduction to the Special Issue: Legumes as Food Ingredient: Characterization, Processing, and Applications

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1525
Author(s):  
Alfonso Clemente ◽  
Jose C. Jimenez-Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Lactic Bacteria ◽  
Essential Food

Legumes are major ingredients in the Mediterranean diet, playing an essential role in developing countries. Grain legumes, such as lentil, chickpea, pea, lupin and beans, among others, are recognized as good sources of proteins, starch, fiber, vitamins and minerals for human nutrition, being an essential food crop for people worldwide. Due to their nutritional and techno-functional properties, legumes are widely used by the food industry as ingredients in a wide range of products for general and specific groups of the population, including vegetarians, diabetics or celiac patients. The Special Issue “Legumes as Food Ingredients: Characterization, Processing, and Applications” covers key aspects regarding the nutritional quality of legume flours and their derived products, as well as the health benefits of some of their bioactive components. The amounts of antinutritional components, such as certain allergens that might pose risks to sensitized consumers, are reported to be reduced by processing. Several pretreatments, including fermentation with lactic bacteria and yeasts, are used to improve the nutritional and sensory profile of the legume-derived products, increasing their acceptance by consumers.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Post-Harvest Processing Methods on the Chemical Constituents of Notopterygium franchetii by an UHPLC-QTOF-MS-MS Metabolomics Approach

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (17) ◽  
pp. 3188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su ◽  
Wu ◽  
Li ◽  
Huang ◽  
Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Wide Range

Notopterygium franchetii is a herb used in traditional Chinese medicine, where it is known as qianghuo. Its bioactive qualities are influenced by the post-harvest processing methods used (such as drying). However, changes in chemical components according to the drying method are unknown. Fresh roots and rhizomes of N. franchetii were subjected to seven drying methods. Chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with targeted and untargeted analyses were used to investigate relationships between drying methods and chemical concentrations. According to targeted evaluations of the six main bioactive constituents, their total contents decreased significantly in all drying methods. Hierarchical clustering analysis of the drying methods and total metabolome detected 30 chemical constituents, for which heap maps were obtained. Hot air drying was the best processing method, producing the least chemical changes at the lowest cost, while shade drying caused the greatest chemical changes. In conclusion, the wide range of chemical changes in N. franchetii caused by drying was investigated. Such changes potentially affect the quality of herbal medicines.

Chemical Composition and Digestibility of Vetch (Vicia sativa) and Bitter Vetch (Vicia ervilia)

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 90-90
Author(s):  
M. M. Tabatabaie ◽  
F. Kafilzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Vicia Sativa ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
North West ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Bitter Vetch ◽  
Wide Range

Vetch (Vicia sativa) and Bitter Vetch (Vicia ervilia) are two grain legumes cultivated in many areas of Iran particularly in the west and north west. They grow under a wide range of environmental condition and are quite resistant to low rainfall. These seeds are traditionally used at a moderate level as a part of a ration for dairy cows and fattening lambs by rural farmers. They are considered as a feed with a high crude protein content. However little is known about their nutritional values for ruminants. In this study the two grain legumes were evaluated in terms of their chemical composition and digestibility in sheep fed straw as a basal diet.

Spectrophotometrical pod colour measurement: a non-destructive method for monitoring seed drying?

2005 ◽  
Vol 143 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. COSTE ◽  
M. P. RAVENEAU ◽  
Y. CROZAT
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Seed Water Content

A non-destructive indicator of seed water content could significantly help crop scientists with assessment of the effects of environmental conditions during drying on grain qualities or on seed physiological quality. This is particularly important for grain legumes which simultaneously bear pods of different ages. Visual assessment of pod colour has so far been used to date grain legume stages, but now colour can be easily and accurately measured with a portable spectrophotometer. Relationships between the spectrophotometer measurements and the pod and seed water contents were tested in various climatic contexts (3 years: 2000, 2001, 2002; field or greenhouse, two or three sowing dates) for two bean cultivars (Booster and Calypso) and also for one pea cultivar (Baccara) in 2003 near Angers, France. Among the different spectrophotometer measurements, hue angle (h) clearly shows the transition from green (h=180 °) to yellow (h=90 °) and then to red (h=0 °). In each context, h and seed water content (SWC) relationships showed the same pattern of three linear phases: first a steady state; then a sharp decrease from green (h=106–108 °) to yellow (h=85–93 °) just before the end of the seed filling stage for Booster or between the end of the seed filling phase and the beginning of seed drying for Calypso and pea; finally, a slow decrease from yellow to ochre (h=75–78 °) during seed drying. For each bean cultivar, the parameters of the linear relationships showed no differences between maturation conditions. Therefore, 6 h classes matching six SWC classes could be defined over a wide range of SWC between 0·56 and 0·2 g/g for Booster. However for Calypso and pea, only 3 h classes could be defined because of the tight relationships between h and SWC during the end of seed drying, which can be explained by pod walls drying faster than seeds. Hence, spectrophotometer measurements, if calibrated for a given cultivar of a species, could now be used to select pods with seeds of the same water content and therefore to study environmental effects on quality criteria either in controlled conditions or in the field.

Biotype differences affecting the pest status of stored‐grain insects

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. McFarlane ◽  
I. Gudrups ◽  
H. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Stored Grain ◽  
Pest Status ◽  
Stored Grain Insects
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