scholarly journals Reproductive Interference in an Introduced Bumblebee: Polyandry may Mitigate Negative Reproductive Impact

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Tsuchida ◽  
Ayumi Yamaguchi ◽  
Yuya Kanbe ◽  
Koichi Goka
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Bombus Terrestris ◽  
Insect Growth Regulator ◽  
Reproductive Interference ◽  
Interspecific Mating ◽  
Species Replacement ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Hybrid Production ◽  
Northern Island ◽  
Mass Release

As a signature of reproductive interference (RI), we reviewed hybrid production in eusocial bumblebees in Japan, by comparing introduced Bombus terrestris with native B. ignitus in Honshu (main island of Japan) and with native B. hypocrita sapporoensis in Hokkaido (northern island of Japan). In this review, we present additional new data showing hybrid production between introduced B. terrestris and native B. ignitus in Honshu. Interspecific mating with introduced B. terrestris disrupts the reproduction of native B. h. sapporoensis and B. ignitus, which belong to the same subgenus of Bombus, through inviable egg production. This interference appears to facilitate species replacement on Hokkaido. Simultaneously, the mating frequencies for queens of B. terrestris have increased, suggesting that polyandry might evolve in response to the extent of RI between B. terrestris and B. h. sapporoensis. To suppress the population size of B. terrestris in Hokkaido, two methods have been proposed: the mass release of B. h. sapporoensis males to induce RI between the two species and the spraying of insecticides against foraging workers so that the workers will carry the insecticides back to their colonies, killing the immature bees within the colonies. A candidate insecticide type is insect growth regulator, which may disrupt larval development without any apparent effect on foraging workers.

scholarly journals EGGS PRODUCTION OF GROUPER HYBRID FOR SUPPORTING HATCHERY BUSINESS

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 783-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suko Ismi
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Hybrid Production ◽  
Hybrid Grouper ◽  
Business Analysis ◽  
Epinephelus Fuscoguttatus ◽  
Tiger Grouper ◽  
The Village

The grouper hatchery now has been widely developed, usually purchased eggs from the business that produces hybrid grouper eggs   in accordance with the amount as needed. Eggs grouper that is currently in demand are eggs grouper cantang that is a cross-breed between female tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) and male giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus) and cantik that is a cross-breed between female tiger grouper and male grouper batik (Epinephelus Microdon). The purpose of this research is to get information about hybrid egg production activities, marketing and economics. The study was conducted in Buleleng regency in January-December 2015, data was taken from five hatchery or business that produces only hybrid grouper egg that is one business (A) in the village of Banyuasri, Buleleng district; Three businesses (B); (C) and (D) in the village of Penyabangan, Gerokgak district and the effort (E) in the village of Banyupoh, Gerokgak district, the data were analyzed descriptively. The results of the five businesses may produce as many eggs as five to eight times a year by the amount that can be marketed  24,200,000 - 44,500,000 eggs. The result of business analysis R / C ratio > 1 which means the business is profitable. Keyword: eggs, hatchery, hybrid, production, support

scholarly journals Reproductive interference hampers species coexistence despite conspecific sperm precedence

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Iritani ◽  
Suzuki Noriyuki
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Reproductive Interference ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Sperm Precedence ◽  
Interspecific Mating ◽  
Closely Related Species

AbstractNegative interspecific mating interactions, known as reproductive interference, can hamper species coexistence in a local patch and promote niche partitioning or geographical segregation of closely related species. Conspecific sperm precedence (CSP), which occurs when females that have mated with both conspecific and heterospecific males preferentially use conspecific sperm for fertilization, might contribute to species coexistence by mitigating the costs of interspecific mating and hybridization. We examined whether two closely related species exhibiting CSP can coexist in a local environment in the presence of reproductive interference. First, using a behaviourally explicit mathematical model, we demonstrated that two species characterized by negative mating interactions are unlikely to coexist because the costs of reproductive interference, such as loss of mating opportunity with conspecific partners, are inevitably incurred when individuals of both species are present. Second, we experimentally demonstrated differences in mating activity and preference in twoHarmonialadybird species known to exhibit CSP. According to the developed mathematical model of reproductive interference, these behavioural differences should lead to local extinction ofH. yedoensisbecause of reproductive interference byH. axyridis. This prediction is consistent with field observations thatH. axyridisuses various food sources and habitats whereasH. yedoensisis confined to a less preferred prey item and a pine tree habitat. Finally, by a comparative approach, we showed that niche partitioning or parapatric distribution, but not sympatric coexistence in the same habitat, is maintained between species with CSP belonging to a wide range of taxa, including vertebrates and invertebrates living in aquatic or terrestrial environments. Taken together, these results lead us to conclude that reproductive interference generally destabilizes local coexistence even in closely related species that exhibit CSP.

scholarly journals Satyrization without evidence of successful insemination from interspecific mating between invasive mosquitoes

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 20150527 ◽  
Author(s):  
María C. Carrasquilla ◽  
L. Philip Lounibos
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Accessory Gland ◽  
Reproductive Interference ◽  
Interspecific Mating ◽  
Male Accessory Gland ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Heterospecific Male ◽  
Invasive Mosquitoes ◽  
The Impact

Previous research has documented low frequencies of interspecific mating in nature between the invasive vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus . It is also known that heterospecific male accessory gland substances transferred during mating sterilize A. aegypti but not A. albopictus females, leading to satyrization, a form of reproductive interference. This paper demonstrates that satyrization of A. aegypti by A. albopictus may occur without evidence of successful insemination. Our results show that A. aegypti females, previously exposed to A. albopictus males, are rendered refractory to subsequent conspecific mating even though their spermathecae contain no heterospecific sperm. Additional experiments demonstrating transfer of labelled semen from A. albopictus males to A. aegypti females and low production of viable eggs of females housed with conspecific males, following exposure to A. albopictus males, confirm higher incidences of satyrization than expected, based on heterospecific insemination rates. We conclude that frequencies of satyrization based on detection of interspecific sperm in spermathecae may underestimate the impact of this form of reproductive interference.

scholarly journals Further Studies on the Apparent Effect of Digestibility upon Growth, Weight-Maintenance and Egg Production

1945 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.F. Heuser ◽  
L.C. Norris ◽  
H.T. Peeler ◽  
M.L. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Apparent Effect

scholarly journals Effect of Insect Growth Regulators on Citrus Mealybug [Planococcus citri (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae)] Egg Production

HortScience ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 1397-1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond A. Cloyd
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Isopropyl Alcohol ◽  
Insect Growth Regulator ◽  
Planococcus Citri ◽  
Insect Growth Regulators ◽  
Citrus Mealybug ◽  
Insect Growth ◽  
Solenostemon Scutellarioides

Greenhouse trials were conducted in 2000-2001 to evaluate the indirect effects of insect growth regulators, whether stimulatory or inhibitory, on the egg production of female citrus mealybug [Planococcus citri (Risso)]. Green coleus [Solenostemon scutellarioides (L.) Codd] were infested with 10 late third instar female citrus mealybugs. The insect growth regulators kinoprene, pyriproxyfen, azadirachtin, buprofezin, and novaluron were applied to infested plants at both the high and low manufacturer recommended rates. Beginning two days after treatments were applied, plants were monitored daily to determine when female mealybugs began to oviposit. Individual mealybugs were removed from plants, placed into glass vials containing 70% isopropyl alcohol when female mealybugs started to oviposit, and dissected to determine the number of eggs. Overall, there were no consistent patterns to suggest that the insect growth regulators and different rates tested had any effect on the egg production of citrus mealybug females. Although, in one instance, the insect growth regulators kinoprene and pyriproxyfen actually lowered citrus mealybug egg production. In addition, the insect growth regulator buprofezin numerically increased female citrus mealybug egg production.

Survival and reproduction of Euoniticellus intermedius(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in dung following application of cypermethrin and flumethrin pour-ons to cattle

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 543-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Krüger ◽  
O.M. Lukhele ◽  
C.H. Scholtz
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Immature Survival

AbstractCattle were treated with cypermethrin and flumethrin pour-ons to determine possible adverse effects of residues in dung on the survival, fecundity and fertility of Euoniticellus intermedius (Reiche). Dung from both cypermethrin- and flumethrin-treated cattle was collected 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after treatment, with an untreated control for each. Mortality of adult E. intermedius exposed to dung collected from cypermethrin-treated cattle two to seven days after treatment ranged between 80% and 100%. Cypermethrin had no effect on adult and immature survival or on fecundity and fertility of E. intermediusexposed to dung collected 1, 14, 21 and 28 days after treatment. Dung collected from flumethrin-treated cattle had no apparent effect on adult survival, egg production, immature survival, adult emergence, fecundity and fertility of E. intermedius, except at seven days after treatment, when fewer brood balls were produced and consequently fewer adults emerged from dung from treated animals compared with the control.

Source populations in coastal crabs: population parameters affecting egg production

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 31-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
AAV Flores ◽  
CC Gomes ◽  
WF Villano
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Source Populations

ПРЕРЫВИСТОЕ ОСВЕЩЕНИЕ ПОВЫШАЕТ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ОСЕМЕНЕНИЯ КУР В КЛЕТКАХ

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Egg Fertility

Intermittent Lighting Improves the Efficiency of Artificial Insemination in Cage Housed Laying Hens Kavtarashvili A.Sh., Kolokolnikova T.N. Federal Scientific Center “All-Russian Research and Technological Poultry Institute” of Russian Academy of Sciences Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center Summary: The effects of different lighting regimes on the oviposition schedule, productive performance, and reproductive efficiency in cage housed laying hens of layer parental flock (Hisex White-R) were studied; the reasonable regime of artificial insemination (AI) under intermittent lighting is proposed. It was found that intermittent lighting regime 1L:4D:4L:1D:4L:10D compared to the constant lighting significantly alters oviposition schedule: under this regime 82.3% of all daily eggs were laid until 9 am (vs. 66.6% in control). This regime and AI at 10 am improved the productive and reproductive performance compared to control (constant lighting 16L:8D and AI at 12 am): mortality by 1.9%, egg production per initial hen by 3.8%, egg weight by 1.1%, percentage of eggs suitable for incubation by 1.9%, egg fertility by 0.9%, hatchability by 2.3%, hatch of chicks by 2.9%, feed conversion ratio (kg of feed per 10 eggs) by 5.3%, the expenses of electric energy for lighting (per 1000 eggs suitable for incubation) by 54.5%. Key words: INTERMITTENT LIGHTING, CAGE HOUSED LAYERS, ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION (AI), OVIPOSITION SCHEDULE, AI TIMING, PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE

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