scholarly journals Dose-Dependent Effects of Cold Atmospheric Argon Plasma on the Mesenchymal Stem and Osteosarcoma Cells In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6797
Author(s):  
Artem M. Ermakov ◽  
Olga N. Ermakova ◽  
Vera A. Afanasyeva ◽  
Anton L. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Normal Cells

The antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and tissue-stimulating effects of cold argon atmospheric plasma (CAAP) accelerate its use in various fields of medicine. Here, we investigated the effects of CAAP at different radiation doses on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and human osteosarcoma (MNNG/HOS) cells. We observed an increase in the growth rate of MSCs at sufficiently low irradiation doses (10–15 min) of CAAP, while the growth of MNNG/HOS cells was slowed down to 41% at the same irradiation doses. Using flow cytometry, we found that these effects are associated with cell cycle arrest and extended death of cancer cells by necrosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation was detected in both types of cells after 15 min of CAAP treatment. Evaluation of the genes’ transcriptional activity showed that exposure to low doses of CAAP activates the expression of genes responsible for proliferation, DNA replication, and transition between phases of the cell cycle in MSCs. There was a decrease in the transcriptional activity of most of the studied genes in MNNG/HOS osteosarcoma cancer cells. However, increased transcription of osteogenic differentiation genes was observed in normal and cancer cells. The selective effects of low and high doses of CAAP treatment on cancer and normal cells that we found can be considered in terms of hormesis. The low dose of cold argon plasma irradiation stimulated the vital processes in stem cells due to the slight generation of reactive oxygen species. In cancer cells, the same doses evidently lead to the formation of oxidative stress, which was accompanied by a proliferation inhibition and cell death. The differences in the cancer and normal cells’ responses are probably due to different sensitivity to exogenous oxidative stress. Such a selective effect of CAAP action can be used in the combined therapy of oncological diseases such as skin neoplasms, or for the removal of remaining cancer cells after surgical removal of a tumor.

Reserpine Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Hormone Independent Prostate Cancer Cells through Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1313-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjula Devi Ramamoorthy ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Mahesh Ayyavu ◽  
Kannan Narayanan Dhiraviam
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane Potential ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells

Background: Reserpine, an indole alkaloid commonly used for hypertension, is found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina. Although the root extract has been used for the treatment of cancer, the molecular mechanism of its anti-cancer activity on hormonal independent prostate cancer remains elusive. Methods: we evaluated the cytotoxicity of reserpine and other indole alkaloids, yohimbine and ajmaline on Prostate Cancer cells (PC3) using MTT assay. We investigated the mechanism of apoptosis using a combination of techniques including acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, high content imaging of Annexin V-FITC staining, flow cytometric quantification of the mitochondrial membrane potential and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and cell cycle analysis. Results: Our results indicate that reserpine inhibits DNA synthesis by arresting the cells at the G2 phase and showed all standard sequential features of apoptosis including, destabilization of mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced production of reactive oxygen species and DNA ladder formation. Our in silico analysis further confirmed that indeed reserpine docks to the catalytic cleft of anti-apoptotic proteins substantiating our results. Conclusion: Collectively, our findings suggest that reserpine can be a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of androgen-independent prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Costunolide Induces Apoptosis via the Reactive Oxygen Species and Protein Kinase B Pathway in Oral Cancer Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7509
Author(s):  
Hai Huang ◽  
Jun-Koo Yi ◽  
Su-Geun Lim ◽  
Sijun Park ◽  
Haibo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Oral Cancer Cells

Oral cancer (OC) has been attracted research attention in recent years as result of its high morbidity and mortality. Costunolide (CTD) possesses potential anticancer and bioactive abilities that have been confirmed in several types of cancers. However, its effects on oral cancer remain unclear. This study investigated the potential anticancer ability and underlying mechanisms of CTD in OC in vivo and in vitro. Cell viability and anchorage-independent colony formation assays were performed to examine the antigrowth effects of CTD on OC cells; assessments for migration and invasion of OC cells were conducted by transwell; Cell cycle and apoptosis were investigated by flow cytometry and verified by immunoblotting. The results revealed that CTD suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of oral cancer cells effectively and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis; regarding the mechanism, CTD bound to AKT directly by binding assay and repressed AKT activities through kinase assay, which thereby downregulating the downstream of AKT. Furthermore, CTD remarkably promotes the generation of reactive oxygen species by flow cytometry assay, leading to cell apoptosis. Notably, CTD strongly suppresses cell-derived xenograft OC tumor growth in an in vivo mouse model. In conclusion, our results suggested that costunolide might prevent progression of OC and promise to be a novel AKT inhibitor.

scholarly journals A reactive oxygen species-generating, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibiting, cancer stem cell-potent tetranuclear copper(ii) cluster

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (38) ◽  
pp. 12785-12789 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lu ◽  
K. Laws ◽  
A. Eskandari ◽  
K. Suntharalingam
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Schiff Base ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Oxygen Species

Tetranuclear copper(ii) complexes containing multiple diclofenac and Schiff base moieties,1–4, are shown to kill bulk cancer cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs) with low micromolar potency.

scholarly journals 3-Bromopyruvate potentiates TRAIL-induced apoptosis in human colon cancer cells through a reactive oxygen species- and caspase-dependent mitochondrial pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 1176-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Abbaszadeh ◽  
Armita Valizadeh ◽  
Masoud Mahdavinia ◽  
Ali Teimoori ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Pipelzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Colon Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Colon Cancer ◽  
Normal Cells

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anticancer cytokine with minimal toxicity towards normal cells. Nevertheless, most primary cancers are often intrinsically TRAIL-resistant or can acquire resistance after TRAIL therapy. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of co-treatment of 3-bromopyruvate (3-BP) as a potent anticancer agent with TRAIL on colon cancer cells (HT-29). The results of present study indicated that combined treatment with 3-BP and TRAIL inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 cells to a greater extent (88.4%) compared with 3-BP (54%) or TRAIL (11%) treatment alone. In contrast, the combination of 3-BP and TRAIL had no significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of normal cells (HEK-293) (8.4%). At a cellular mechanistic level, the present study showed that 3-BP sensitized human colon cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis via reactive oxygen species generation, upregulation of Bax, downregulation of Bcl-2 and survivin, release of cytochrome c into the cytosol, and activation of caspase-3. In normal cells, 3-BP, TRAIL, or combination of both had no significant effect on the reactive oxygen species levels, release of cytochrome c, and caspase-3 activity. Therefore, the combination of 3-BP and TRAIL can be a promising therapeutic strategy for treatment of colon cancer.

scholarly journals The Characterization of TA-289, a Novel Antifungal from Fusarium sp.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Natelle C H Quek
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Morphology ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Wild Type

<p>Natural products offer vast structural and chemical diversity highly sought after in drug discovery research. Saccharomyces cerevisiae makes an ideal model eukaryotic organism for drug mode-of-action studies owing to ease of growth, sophistication of genetic tools and overall homology to higher eukaryotes. Equisetin and a closely related novel natural product, TA-289, are cytotoxic to fermenting yeast, but seemingly less so when yeast actively respire. Cell cycle analyses by flow cytometry revealed a cell cycle block at S-G2/M phase caused by TA-289; previously described oxidative stress-inducing compounds causing cell cycle delay led to further investigation in the involvement of equisetin and TA-289 in mitochondrial-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species. Chemical genomic profiling involving genome-wide scans of yeast deletion mutant strains for TA-289 sensitivity revealed sensitization of genes involved in the mitochondria, DNA damage repair and oxidative stress responses, consistent with a possible mechanism-of-action at the mitochondrion. Flow cytometric detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation caused by TA-289 suggests that the compound may induce cell death via ROS production. The generation of a mutant strain resistant to TA-289 also displayed resistance to a known oxidant, H2O2, at concentrations that were cytotoxic to wild-type cells. The resistant mutant displayed a higher basal level of ROS production compared to the wild-type parent, indicating that the resistance mutation led to an up-regulation of antioxidant capacity which provides cell survival in the presence of TA-289. Yeast mitochondrial morphology was visualized by confocal light microscopy, where it was observed that cells treated with TA-289 displayed abnormal mitochondria phenotypes, further indicating that the compound is acting primarily at the mitochondrion. Similar effects observed with equisetin treatment suggest that both compounds share the same mechanism, eliciting cell death via ROS production in the mitochondrial respiratory chain.</p>

scholarly journals Protocatechuic Acid, a Simple Plant Secondary Metabolite, Induced Apoptosis by Promoting Oxidative Stress through HO-1 Downregulation and p21 Upregulation in Colon Cancer Cells

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1485
Author(s):  
Rosaria Acquaviva ◽  
Barbara Tomasello ◽  
Claudia Di Giacomo ◽  
Rosa Santangelo ◽  
Alfonsina La Mantia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Colon Cancer Cells ◽  
Glutamylcysteine Synthetase

Gastrointestinal cancers, particularly colorectal cancer, are mainly influenced by the dietary factor. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables can help to reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer thanks to the phenolic compounds, which possess antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties. Polyphenols, alongside their well-known antioxidant properties, also show a pro-oxidative potential, which makes it possible to sensitize tumor cells to oxidative stress. HO-1 combined with antioxidant activity, when overexpressed in cancer cells, is involved in tumor progression, and its inhibition is considered a feasible therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment. In this study, the effects of protocatechuic acid (PCA) on the viability of colon cancer cells (CaCo-2), annexin V, LDH release, reactive oxygen species levels, total thiol content, HO-1, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, and p21 expression were evaluated. PCA induced, in a dose-dependent manner, a significantly reduced cell viability of CaCo-2 by oxidative/antioxidant imbalance. The phenolic acid induced modifications in levels of HO-1, non-proteic thiol groups, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, reactive oxygen species, and p21. PCA induced a pro-oxidant effect in cancer cells, and the in vitro pro-apoptotic effect on CaCo-2 cells is mediated by the modulation of redox balance and the inhibition of the HO-1 system that led to the activation of p21. Our results suggest that PCA may represent a useful tool in prevention and/or therapy of colon cancer.

Ugonin K Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis through Reactive Oxygen Species/Apoptosis Signal Pathway in Human Skin Cancer Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 1422-1425
Author(s):  
Leong Perng Chan ◽  
Tzung Han Chou ◽  
Guey Horng Wang ◽  
Ya Ping Tseng ◽  
Pin Ju Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Hacat Cells ◽  
Oxygen Species

The incidence and mortality of skin cancer continue to rise because of the destruction of the ozonosphere in the earth. Skin cancer is divided into two groups by histological features – nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC) and melanoma. Cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of NMSC are almost 75% among human skin malignancy cancer. In the preliminary bioactivity screening, the compound isolated from Helminthostachys zeylanica were evaluated antioxidant activities and interacted individually with serial human cancer cells, results that antioxidant activities of ugonin K were evaluated by measuring DPPH free-radical scavenging activities, and reducing power. Determination the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and reduced glutathione (GSH) formation in H2O2-treated HaCaT cells by ugonin K. The cytotoxicity results show that ugonin K expressed less toxic to human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) and human skin fibroblasts (Hs68 cells) than BCC cells, suggesting that ugonin K may have potential to be developed effective drugs for skin cancer cells without damaging skin normal cells. After treatment with ugonin K in BCC cells, cell cycle arrested in S-G2/M phase with a markedly increased apoptotic sub-G1 peak, mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) reduced, the expression of p53, Caspase-8, Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 revealed a more significant increased than the untreated control. Expected ugonin K has potential for an effective and specific drug to cancer cell, can minimize the damage to normal cell and provide a better therapeutic method to skin carcinoma.

scholarly journals Controlled intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species in human mesenchymal stem cells using porphyrin conjugated nanoparticles

Nanoscale ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (34) ◽  
pp. 14525-14531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea S. Lavado ◽  
Veeren M. Chauhan ◽  
Amer Alhaj Zen ◽  
Francesca Giuntini ◽  
D. Rhodri E. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Cellular Communication ◽  
Oxygen Species

Newly synthesised Zn (ii) porphyrin nanoparticle conjugates were irradiated with visible light to generate controlled amounts of ROS in hMSCs to advance the study of oxidative stress and cellular communication.

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